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There are currently about 150 active brands in the Chinese automobile market. Among them are 97 Chinese domestic brands and 43 joint venture (JV) brands.[1] Before 2010, the traditional "Big Four" refers to the four major state-owned car manufacturers, SAIC, FAW, Dongfeng and Changan. Other Chinese car manufacturers, both from public and private sectors, like Geely, BAIC, BYD, Chery, GAC, Great Wall, JAC and Seres emerged as the major players with the expansion of Chinese automotive industry.

Manufacturers and brands

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Chinese major automobile manufacturers headquarter locations
See also: List of automobile manufacturers of China

Central government controlled state-owned manufacturers

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  • FAW (China First Automobile Works Group Corporation, Chinese: 中国第一汽车集团有限公司) is a Chinese state-owned automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Changchun which is directly under the control of central government of China. Founded on 15 July 1953, it is the oldest car manufacturer of the People's Republic of China. Currently FAW sells products under their different brands including Hongqi, Jiefang, and Bestune. FAW also operates joint ventures with Toyota, Volkswagen and Audi.[2][3][4]
  • Dongfeng (Dongfeng Motor Corporation, Chinese: 东风汽车集团有限公司) is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Wuhan, Hubei, which is directly under the control of central government of China. Originally known as Second Automobile Works when it was founded in 1969, FAW and SAW were the two major manufacturers before the Reform and Opening-up of China. It current owns Voyah, M-Hero, Aeolus, Forthing, Dongfeng Nammi and operates joint ventures including Cummins, Honda, Nissan, Infiniti, and Stellantis (PSA Peugeot Citroën).[5]
  • Changan (Chang'an Automobile Group, Chinese: 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司) is an automobile manufacturer headquartered in Chongqing, and is a subsidiary of China South Industries Group Corporation, an enterprise under the control of central government. It is the oldest automobile manufacturer in China which can be traced back to 1862 of Qing Dynasty. Changan designs, develops, manufactures and sells passenger cars sold under the Changan Auto, Deepal and Kaicene brand. Changan operates joint venture companies Avatr, Ford and Mazda.[6][7][8]

Local government controlled state-owned manufacturers

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  • SAIC (Shanghai Automotive Industry Corporation, Chinese:上海汽车集团股份有限公司) is a Chinese state-owned automotive manufacturing company headquartered in Shanghai. It is controlled by the municipal government of Shanghai. SAIC sells vehicles under a variety of brands including IM, Rising Auto, Maxus, MG, Roewe, Wuling, Baojun, and Yuejin. Joint venture brands include Buick, Chevrolet, Iveco, Škoda, Volkswagen, and Audi.[9]
  • GAC (Guangzhou Automobile Corporation, Chinese: 广州汽车集团股份有限公司), is a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Guangzhou and controlled by the municipal government of Guangzhou. GAC sells passenger cars under the Trumpchi and Aion brand operates foreign joint ventures with Honda and Toyota.[10]
  • BAIC (Beijing Automotive Industry Corporation, Chinese: 北京汽车工业控股有限责任公司), is a state-owned enterprise located in Beijing and controlled by the municipal government of Beijing. Its owns the brands of Arcfox, Beijing, Beijing Off-road, Changhe, and Foton. It has foreign joint ventures with Hyundai and Mercedes-Benz.[11]
  • JAC (Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Corporation, Chinese: 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司) is a state-owned enterprise based in Hefei, Anhui Province and controlled by the Provincial Government of Anhui. It owns the brands of JAC, JAC EV, Sehol.[12]
  • Chery (Chery Automobile, Chinese: 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司), a Chinese state-owned automobile manufacturer based in Anhui and controlled by the municipal government of Wuhu. It sells cars under the Chery, Exeed, Jetour and iCar brands. It also has a foreign joint venture with Jaguar Land Rover for the production of Jaguar and Land Rover cars in China.[13]

Notable privately owned manufacturers

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  • BYD (BYD Auto, Chinese: 比亚迪汽车有限公司), is an automobile manufacturer based in Shenzhen, founded by BYD Company which are known for their batteries. It is currently the largest electric vehicle manufacturer of the world. It operates brands such as BYD, Denza, Fangchengbao, and Yangwang.[14]
  • Geely (Zhejiang Geely Holding Group, Chinese: 浙江吉利控股集团有限公司), is the one of the biggest privately owned automobile manufacturer headquartered in Taizhou, Zhejiang. Currently one of the fastest growing automotive groups in the world, Geely is known for its ownership of the Swedish luxury car brand Volvo Cars, its performance counterpart Polestar, and the British sports car company Lotus. In China, their passenger car brands include Geely, Livan, Lynk & Co, Zeekr, Volvo Cars, Polestar, Lotus, LEVC, Farizon, Radar, Ji Yue and operates joint ventures with Proton and Smart.[15]
  • GWM (Great Wall Motor, Chinese: 长城汽车股份有限公司), is a private company famous for manufacturing SUVs headquartered in Baoding, Hebei. Great Wall sells vehicles under the brands of Haval, Wey, Tank and Ora. It operates a joint venture called Spotlight Automotive with BMW Group to produce Mini electric cars.[16]
  • Li Auto (Beijing Car And Home Information Technology, Chinese: 北京车和家信息技术有限公司) is a startup manufacturer founded in 2015. It is specialized in developing and manufacturing premium range-extender electric vehicles and has rapidly grown into a major player in Chinese automobile market.[17]

State-private mixed ownership manufacturer

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  • Seres (Seres Group, Chinese: 赛力斯集团股份有限公司), is one of the first state-private mixed ownership manufacturer in China. Headquartered in Chongqing, it is currently co-owned by the founder's family, the state-owned company Dongfeng and municipal government of Chongqing. It used to be famous for producing light commercial vehicles and budget passenger vehicles but is transforming to produce premium electric vehicle since 2021 after partnering with Chinese tech giant Huawei. It owns the brands of Seres, AITO, Fengon, Landian and DFSK.[18]

Notable smaller startup manufacturers

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See also: Electric vehicle industry in China
  • Nio (Shanghai Nio Automobile, Chinese: 上海蔚来汽车有限公司) is an EV startup manufacturer founded in 2014 and headquartered in Shanghai. The company is noted for its battery-swapping stations and premium EV.
  • Xpeng (Guangzhou Xiaopeng Motors Technology, Chinese: 广州小鹏汽车科技有限公司) is an EV startup manufacturer founded in 2014 and headquartered in Guangzhou. Together with Nio and Li Auto, it is one of the first EV companies in China. Volkswagen Group acquired a 5% of stake Xpeng in 2023.
  • Leapmotor (Zhejiang Leapmotor Technology, Chinese: 浙江零跑科技股份有限公司) is an EV manufacturer hounded in 2015, headquartered in Hangzhou. Stellantis acquired a 20% stake of Leapmotor in 2023.
  • Hozon (Zhejiang Hozon Auto New Energy Automobile, Chinese: 浙江合众新能源汽车有限公司), is an EV manufacturer headquartered in Hangzhou. It is a state-private mixed ownership manufacturer which is invested mainly by Chinese tech company Qihoo 360 and three local governments of Yichun, Tongxiang and Nanning. It produces vehicles under the Neta brand.
  • Xiaomi Auto (Xiaomi Automobile Co., Ltd, Chinese: 小米汽车有限公司) is the subsidiary of Chinese consumer electronics giant Xiaomi that produces EVs. It was founded in 2021 in Beijing and launched its first product, the Xiaomi SU7 in 2024. Xiaomi is currently the only Chinese tech company that is directly involved in automotive manufacturing.

Foreign and joint venture manufacturers

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See also: List of automobile manufacturers of China § Foreign joint ventures/brands

Following the Chinese economic reform, from 1994 to 2018, Chinese automotive policy mandated that foreign carmakers had to establish joint ventures with a Chinese counterpart to produce vehicles in the country, with the Chinese partner owning at least 50% of the venture. This measure was implemented to protect local manufacturers and provide it with the chance to bridge the technology gap and develop their brands.[19]

On April 17, 2018. The National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) of China announced that foreign ownership limits on automakers would be phased out over a 5-year period.[20][21] On 28 July 2018, China lifted foreign ownership restrictions on new energy vehicle production, which benefited American electric car manufacturer Tesla, Inc. The company established a plant in Shanghai, becoming the first foreign automaker to open a wholly-owned manufacturing facility in China.[22][23] The liberalization was followed by commercial vehicles in 2020 and passenger cars in 2022. The rule that prohibited foreign automakers from setting up more than two joint ventures in China was also lifted in 2022. Therefore, it became legally possible for the foreign automakers to buy out local partners from joint ventures. In 2022, BMW and Volkswagen had acquired 75% stake in their joint ventures.[24][25]

Foreign manufacturers

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The following are foreign manufacturers that operate in China either through wholly-owned manufacturing plants or joint ventures where they own more than 50 percent of the shares.

  • Tesla
    • Gigafactory Shanghai (Tesla is the first and currently the only 100% foreign-owned car manufacturer in Chinese mainland)[26]
  • BMW
  • Volkswagen
    • Volkswagen Anhui (former 50-50 joint venture with JAC, a majority 78.52% stake was acquired by Volkswagen in 2020)[28]
  • Ford
    • Ford Beyond (Jiangling Ford Technology, Ford holds 65.32% majority of stake indirectly)

Summary

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Company Marques Foreign-branded JVs
Central state-owned manufacturers
FAW Hongqi, Jiefang, Bestune FAW-Toyota, FAW-Volkswagen (Volkswagen, Audi, Jetta)
Dongfeng Voyah, M-Hero, Aeolus, Forthing, Nammi Dongfeng-Honda (Honda, Lingxi), Dongfeng-Nissan (Nissan, Infiniti, Venucia), Dongfeng-Peugeot Citroën
Changan Changan, Deepal, Avatr, Kaicene Changan Ford (Ford, Lincoln), Changan Mazda, Changan Ford NEV
Local state-owned manufacturers
SAIC IM, Rising, MG, Roewe, Maxus, Baojun/Wuling (under SGMW) SAIC-Volkswagen (Volkswagen, Škoda, Audi), SAIC-General Motors (Buick, Chevrolet, Cadillac)
GAC Trumpchi, Aion GAC-Toyota, GAC-Honda
BAIC Arcfox, Beijing, Beijing Off-road, Foton, Stelato Beijing-Benz, Beijing-Hyundai
Chery Chery, Exeed, Jetour, iCar, Luxeed, Jaecoo, Omoda Chery-Jaguar Land Rover
JAC JAC, JAC Yiwei, JAC Refine
Privately owned manufacturers
Geely Geely, Livan, Lynk & Co, Zeekr, Volvo Cars, Polestar, Lotus, LEVC, Farizon, Radar, Ji Yue, Smart, Proton
BYD BYD Auto, Yangwang, Denza, Fangchengbao
Great Wall GWM, Haval, Wey, Tank, Ora Spotlight (Mini)
Li Auto Li
State-private mixed ownership manufacturer
Seres Seres, AITO, Fengon, DFSK, Landian
Smaller startup manufacturers
Nio Nio, Onvo
Xpeng Xpeng, Mona
Leapmotor Leapmotor
Hozon Neta
Xiaomi Xiaomi

Joint venture manufacturers

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The following are foreign manufacturers that operate in China through joint ventures where they hold a maximum of 50 percent ownership.

Reversed joint ventures

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In the 1990s, Chinese automakers pursued Western technology through joint ventures. However, a reversal occurred in the 2020s, with Western manufacturers now seeking technological assistance from Chinese counterparts and invested in China through joint ventures.[29] Several Chinese electric vehicle startups have leveraged their technological advantages, attracting investments from traditional Western automotive giants such as Renault-Nissan, VW, BMW, Mercedes-Benz, Toyota and Stellantis.

  • In 2017, Renault-Nissan and Dongfeng set up a joint venture called "eGT New Energy Automotive" to produce A-segment EV.[30]
  • In 2019, Mercedes-Benz announced the establishment of a joint venture partnership with Chinese automaker Geely.[31] Geely acquired 50% of Smart brand to produce EVs based on Geely's SEA platform.[32]
  • In July 2019, Renault Group announced a capital injection of 1 billion yuan to acquire a 50% stake in JMEV, an EV subsidiary of Jiangling Motors Corporation.[33]
  • In 2020, BMW and Great Wall Motor invested RMB 5.1 billion on a joint venture Spotlight Automotive to produce the Mini brand EV using the technology of Great Wall Motor.[34]
  • In 2020, Toyota announced its joint venture with Chinese manufacturer BYD. The joint venture was set to assist technical know-how for Toyota's EV development and supply the battery, electric motor and electronic control unit for Toyota's EV.[35] Toyota bZ3, the first electric sedan of Toyota, was built under the assistance of BYD with its technology.
  • In July 2023, Audi and SAIC announced their partnership that the EV platform from IM Motors, the brand of SAIC, will be introduced into Audi's electric models.[36]
  • In July 2023, Volkswagen Group announced its investment of $700 million in XPeng, the EV startup venture from China, for purchasing 4.99% stake of the company. The VW will collaborate with XPeng to develop two VW brand electric models for the mid-size segment in the Chinese market in 2026.[37][38]
  • In August 2023, Geely and Renault decided to set a joint venture codenamed Horse with each entity holding 50% stake, to manufacture internal combustion engine (ICE) and hybrid powertrains for Renault, Nissan and Mitsubishi vehicle with Geely's technology.[39]
  • In September 2023, Ford and Changan announced to establish a new joint venture Changan Ford NEV, to produce and distribute Ford vehicles based on Changan's technology of electric vehicle. Changan holds 70% stake in the JV while Ford holds 30%.[40][41]
  • In October 2023, Stellantis announced its investment to Leapmotor at the price of 1.5 billion euro, acquiring 20% of Leapmotor for the support of technology to produce EVs.[42]
See also: List of foreign brand vehicles developed and manufactured by automobile companies of China
Year Foreign manufacturer Chinese manufacturer Reversed joint venture / collaboration
2017 Renault/Nissan Dongfeng
  • Producing Renault and Dacia brand EV based on Dongfeng's technology
eGT New Energy Automotive (25:25:50)
2019 Renault JMCG
  • 50% of JMEV acquired by Renault
  • Developing and producing JMEV and Mobilize brand EV
JMEV (50:37)
2019 Mercedes-Benz Geely
  • 50% of Smart brand acquired by Geely
  • Producing Smart brand EV by Geely
Smart Automobile (50:50)
2020 BMW Great Wall Motor
  • Developing and producing Mini brand EV by GWM
Spotlight Automotive (50:50)
2020 Toyota BYD
  • Provide technical support for Toyota and supply the BYD-made battery, electric motor and electronic control unit for Toyota's EV.
BYD Toyota EV Technology (50:50)
2023 Volkswagen XPeng
2023 Audi IM Motors
  • Rebadging or technology transfer for Audi vehicles
2023 Stellantis Leapmotor
  • 20% of Leapmotor acquired by Stellantis
  • Rebadging/technology transfer for Stellantis vehicles
  • Setup of joint venture for the exclusive rights to sell Leapmotor vehicles outside China
Leapmotor International (51:49)
2023 Renault Geely
Horse (50:50)
2023 Ford Changan
  • Developing and producing Ford brand electric vehicles by Changan
Changan Ford NEV (30:70)

Involvement of Chinese technology industry in the automotive industry

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Since the 2020s, Chinese technology corporations such as Huawei, Baidu, DJI with their advanced software or hardware technological capability started entering the automotive business by various approaches.

Huawei's partnership with automobile manufacturers has taken the form of three business models, from the standardized parts supply model, the "Huawei Inside" (HI) model, and the Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA).[43][44] Baidu and DJI has been providing autonomous driving system and hardware to automotive manufacturers.[45][46] Qihoo 360 invested in the Chinese EV startup company Hozon Auto.[47][better source needed] Geely collaborates with Baidu to set up joint venture brands, and acquired Chinese smartphone company Meizu for its Polestar and Lynk & Co brands with its auto OS and AR system. Xiaomi is the first and the only Chinese tech company that is directly involved in automotive design, development and manufacturing, and operates its factory in Beijing.[48]

Involvement of Chinese technology industry in the automotive industry
Tech company Manufacturer Collaborating brand Note
Huawei Seres AITO Collaborated under the Harmony Intelligent Mobility Alliance (HIMA) model. Huawei provides a complete set of vehicle solutions and participates in product definition, design, marketing, user experience, quality control and delivery, while the manufacturers are responsible for vehicle manufacturing.[49]
Chery Luxeed
JAC
BAIC BluePark Stelato
BAIC BluePark Arcfox Collaborated under the Huawei Inside (HI) model. Huawei provide full-stack smart car solution and Huawei's smart cockpit to car manufacturers. In this mode, Huawei empowers vehicle intelligence through the supply of both software and hardware, but does not participate in the design, development, and marketing of the vehicles.[49]
Changan Avatr
Dongfeng Voyah, M-Hero
Baidu Dongfeng Voyah Baidu empowers Dongfeng's electric vehicle brand, Voyah, by equipping it with Baidu's Apollo autonomous driving system.[50]
Geely Jidu Auto / Ji Yue Baidu and Geely established two joint venture companies, Jidu Auto for automotive technology solution and Ji Yue for car manufacturing.[51][52]
DJI SAIC-GM-Wuling Baojun DJI provides autonomous driving system for several brands, including Baojun, Volkswagen,[53] and iCar.[54]
Volkswagen
Chery iCar
Qihoo 360 Hozon Neta Collaborated in a form of investment.[52]
Xiaomi Xiaomi Auto Directly invested and involved in automotive design, development and manufacturing.[55]
Meizu Geely Lynk & Co, Polestar Meizu provides auto OS called Flyme Auto OS, and an AR system.[56]

Sales statistics

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Chinese major automobile groups global sales (joint venture brands excluded)[57]
Year State-owned Privately owned Mixed
FAW Dongfeng Changan SAIC GAC BAIC JAC Chery Geely BYD GWM Li Auto Seres
2010 1,038,290 607,068 1,316,557 1,424,513 45,065 682,895 442,547 750,456 425,194 521,761 415,779 - 226,198
2011 907,337 654,991 987,991 1,433,387 44,056 664,812 466,459 729,497 857,006 454,676 518,965 - 243,053
2012 718,327 611,446 950,568 1,659,973 71,505 683,991 448,813 653,476 905,083 462,512 672,234 - 202,991
2013 723,969 709,470 990,556 1,884,112 124,001 866,994 495,737 561,062 979,691 514,188 803,449 - 205,019
2014 627,006 715,344 1,126,011 2,051,240 146,694 864,783 446,802 570,718 878,818 446,329 767,825 - 277,000
2015 505,849 690,531 1,270,154 2,272,961 207,890 827,170 588,052 575,108 1,025,287 451,868 871,315 - 275,316
2016 505,711 779,298 1,382,917 2,533,586 375,723 988,109 643,342 682,474 1,333,077 510,157 1,086,639 - 381,636
2017 572,862 810,407 1,327,168 2,811,224 508,797 837,129 510,892 604,708 1,938,057 421,158 1,085,654 - 400,038
2018 543,986 664,313 1,139,540 2,957,136 535,323 701,754 462,477 752,759 2,276,846 528,298 1,072,529 - 347,837
2019 589,832 661,585 1,060,676 2,621,117 384,792 743,614 421,241 747,806 2,194,145 467,960 1,097,451 1,000 325,381
2020 779,403 725,475 1,306,169 2,575,775 353,597 790,241 456,125 731,117 2,150,134 431,447 1,111,598 33,457 273,590
2021 846,803 819,172 1,557,282 2,845,309 447,207 760,476 524,224 961,926 2,189,409 749,325 1,280,993 90,491 266,614
2022 555,406 743,032 1,874,569 2,779,123 633,704 570,681 500,401 1,232,727 2,312,613 1,881,669 1,067,523 133,246 267,246
2023 732,328 671,702 2,097,794 2,804,845 886,508 821,033 592,499 1,881,316 2,790,000 3,024,417 1,230,704 376,030 253,181
Chinese major EV startup ventures sales
Year Nio Xpeng Hozon Leapmotor HIMA[58] Xiaomi
2018 11,348 482 1,206 - - -
2019 20,565 16,608 11,212 1,000 - -
2020 43,728 27,041 15,509 10,266 - -
2021 91,429 98,155 69,674 43,121 - -
2022 122,486 120,757 152,073 111,168 76,180 -
2023 160,038 141,601 127,496 144,155 95,279 -
Historic sales volume of Chinese brand passenger vehicle
Year Chinese brand passenger vehicle sales[59] Domestic share of Chinese brand passenger vehicle [59] Global passenger vehicle sales[60] Global share of Chinese brand passenger vehicle
2010 6,273,000 45.6％ 58,239,494 10.77%
2011 6,112,200 42.2％ 59,897,273 10.20%
2012 6,485,000 41.9％ 63,081,024 10.28%
2013 7,222,000 40.3% 65,745,403 10.98%
2014 7,518,000 38.1% 67,782,035 11.09%
2015 8,737,600 41.3% 68,539,516 12.75%
2016 10,529,000 43.2% 72,105,435 14.60%
2017 10,847,000 43.9% 73,456,531 14.77%
2018 9,890,000 42.1% 70,498,388 14.03%
2019 8,470,000 39.2% 64,033,463 13.23%
2020 7,749,000 38.4% 53,915,928 14.37%
2021 9,543,000 44.4% 56,437,803 16.91%
2022 11,766,000 49.9% 57,485,378 20.47%
2023 14,596,000 56% 65,272,367 22.36%

Production statistics

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Historic production data and notable milestones of Chinese automobile industry[61][62][63]
Year Production Global share Milestones
1955 61 Foundation of the First Automobile Works (FAW)
1960 22,574
1970 87,166
1978 149,062 Beginning of the Reform and Opening-up
1985 443,377
1990 509,242
1995 1,452,697
2002 3,250,000 5.6% Accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO)
2005 5,710,000 8.6%
2009 13,790,000 25.0% Surpassing the United States as the world's largest automobile producer
2010 18,260,000 24.2% The largest number of production by any nation in history
2015 24,500,000 27.43% Became the world largest EV producer
2017 29,020,000 30.19%
2022 27,021,000 31.8% Surpassing Germany as the world's second largest car exporter
2023 30,161,000 33.8% The highest production record in history, surpassing Japan as the world's largest car exporter
Automotive industry production capacity of China by province[64]
Region Production share Provincial Production volume in 2023 Capacity utilization Chinese brands Foreign brands
Yangtze Delta 28.1% Anhui 2,250,743 67.0% Chery, BYD, Changan, Sehol, JAC, Jetour Land Rover, Jaguar
Jiangsu 1,837,252 39.3% Li Auto, BYD, Ora, Roewe, MG, Maxus, Deepal, HiPhi Volkwagen, Kia, Mazda
Shanghai 1,810,679 69.6% IM Motors, Roewe, Rising, BYD Cadillac, Audi, Tesla, Buick, Mercedes-Benz
Zhejiang 1,368,005 29.7% Geely, Zeekr, Geely Galaxy, Lynk & Co, Polestar, Aion, Neta, Leapmotor, BYD Volkswagen, Volvo, Ford
Central 14.8% Hubei 1,585,294 41.4% Voyah, M-Hero, Aeolus, Trumpchi, Tank Honda, Nissan, Infiniti, Buick, Chevrolet, Dacia
Hunan 1,009,720 42.1% BYD, Denza, Geely, Beijing Volkswagen
Henan 811,836 37.4% MG, Jetour, Roewe, BYD, Fangchengbao Venucia
Jiangxi 431,244 26.3% BYD, Trumpchi, JMC Ford
Chuan-Yu 9.6% Chongqing 1,698,586 34.9% Changan, Avatr, Deepal, Oshan, Tank, Jinbei, AITO, Seres, Landian, Livan, Wuling, Baojun Ford, Lincoln
Sichuan 782,924 43.3% Zeekr, Lynk & Co, Kaiyi Volvo, Toyota, Volkswagen, Jetta
Pearl River Delta 13.2% Guangdong 3,418,749 65.5% Trumpchi, Aion, BYD, Xpeng, Beijing Toyota, Honda, Nissan, Audi, Volkswagen
Jing-Jin-Ji 9.8% Tianjin 1,075,244 71.1% Haval Volkswagen, Audi, Toyota
Beijing 912,003 45.6% Changan, Beijing, Xiaomi, Li Auto Mercedes-Benz, Hyundai
Hebei 542,214 35.0% Haval, Wey, Lynk & Co Hyundai
Northeast 10.5% Jilin 1,450,020 65.0% Hongqi, Bestune Volkswagen, Audi, Toyota
Liaoning 1,197,285 64.9% Chery BMW, Nissan, Infiniti, Buick
Heilongjiang 83,876 52.4% 　 Volvo, Ford
Other 14.0% Shaanxi 1,255,307 85.1 BYD, Yangwang, Denza, Smart 　
Guangxi 882,892 36.8% Guangxi Auto, Forthing Chevrolet
Shandong 849,469 36.5% BYD, Wuling Volkswagen, Audi, Cadillac, Buick, Chevrolet
Fujian 287,021 44.5% MG Mercedes-Benz
Shanxi 164,188 54.7% Geely Geometry 　
Inner Mongolia 89,775 89.8% Chery 　
Guizhou 51,529 16.6% Geely 　
Xinjiang 40,789 40.8% Trumpchi Volkswagen
Hainan 12,871 2.9% Haima 　
Yunnan 3,387 3.4% JMEV 　

Exhibition

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Auto China in 2018

As the world's largest automobile market, the Chinese government organizes large-scale international automobile exhibitions in Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou every year, attracting automobile manufacturers from all over the world to use them as the launch stage for new cars.

Phasing-out of foreign joint ventures/brands during 2010–2020s
Brand Joint venture Foreign manufacturer Chinese manufacturer Active years
Fiat GAC FCA Stellantis GAC 2010–2022
Jeep
DS Changan PSA Changan 2011–2020
Mitsubishi GAC Mitsubishi Renault-Nissan-Mitsubishi GAC 2012–2023
Soueast Fujian Motor 2013–2020
Renault Dongfeng Renault Dongfeng 2013–2020
Acura GAC Acura Honda GAC 2016–2022
Mazda FAW Car-Mazda Mazda FAW 2005–2021
Suzuki Changan Suzuki Suzuki Changan 1993–2018

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