Talk:Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder controversies/Archive 5

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Thinking about adding this to the page's content.

JRM725 (talk) 00:19, 10 August 2019 (UTC)

Non-adherence and treatment acceptability

It is important to note that the rates of treatment discontinuation are higher than the rates of ADHD patients that receive no treatment at all (Frank, Ozon, Nair &Othee, 2015). Few studies underline adherence occurring at high rates; in a population group of 70% low socioeconomic possibility of a 2-parent family dynamic, parental education, and a combination of other interventions are viewed as probable explanations for high adherence rates despite low SES (Ibrahim, 2002). Although an in-depth literature review on empirical studies from 1997 to 2014 revealed a lack of research on adult non-adherence, there is a large body of research on children and adolescents who discontinue treatment (Frank, Ozon, Nair & Othee, 2015).

Bennett, Power, Rostain, and Carr (1996) designates parent perspectives on counseling feasibility and medication effectiveness as possible influencers on acceptability of treatment. One of the most common reasons for stopping treatment is the idea that it is not needed or doesn’t reduce symptoms of ADHD (Frank, Ozon, Nair & Othee, 2015). As a result of undesirable mental aspects like social stigmas, students ages 10-21 years old in an ADHD perception questionnaire claimed that medication was a less desirable form of treatment compared to other methods (Walker-Noack, Corkum, Elik, & Fearon, 2013). A quasi-experimental research study on the parents of Hispanic and African-American children suggests that non-adherence is due to medication risk concerns and shortcomings experienced during treatment like excessive weight times in treatment centers (Berger, Mckay, Newcorn, Bannon, & Larque, 2012). Adverse drug effects like weight and appetite loss, sleeping difficulties, combined with other medically diagnosed conditions could put a person with ADHD at risk for medication non-adherence (Frank, Ozon, Nair & Othee, 2015). On the contrary, research on parent acceptability concluded that parents with children commonly displaying extremely disruptive behaviors have a higher acceptability rate of counseling interventions than medication usage (Bennett, Power, Rostain, & Carr, 1996). Addressing the idea that environment is an acting factor in treatment acceptance, students who are required to take medication at embarrassing times like during school have a lower rate of adherence than those who take less doses throughout the day (Stinnett, Crawford, Gillespie, Cruce, & Langford, 2001).

Adherence and acceptability improvement are possible with accessible and convenient community-based treatment options (Power, Russell, Soffer, Blom-Hoffman, & Grim, 2002). There is some suggestion that understanding the benefits and risks of medication usage equates to a higher parental acceptability and self- reported quality of life for children with ADHD (Sciberras, Efron, & Iser, 2011; Bennett, Power, Rostain, & Carr, 1996). Sciutto’s knowledge, misconceptions, and treatment acceptability study (2011) finalizes this idea by suggesting the implementation of extensive psychoeducational sessions for the promotion of treatment acceptance.

Bennett, D. S., Power, T. J., Rostain, A. L., Carr, D. E. (1996). Parent acceptability and feasibility of ADHD interventions: Assessment, correlates, and predictive validity. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 21, 643-657. doi:10.1093/jpepsy/21.5.643

Berger-Jenkins, E., Mckay, M., Newcorn, J., Bannon, W., & Laraque, D. (2012). Parent medication concerns predict underutilization of mental health services for minority children with ADHD. Clinical Pediatrics, 51(1), 65-76. Frank, E., Ozon, C., Nair, V., & Othee, K. (2015). Examining why patients with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder lack adherence to medication over the long term: A review and analysis. The Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76(11), E1459-E1468.

Ibrahim, E. (2002). Rates of adherence to pharmacological treatment among children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. Human Psychopharmacology: Clinical and Experimental, 17(5), 225-231. doi: 10.1002/hup.40610.1002/hup.406

Power, T., Russell, J., Soffer, H., Blom-Hoffman, F., & Grim, S. (2002). Role of parent training in the effective management of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder. Disease Management and Health Outcomes, 10(2), 117-126.

Sciberras, E., Efron, D., & Iser, A. (2011). The Child’s Experience of ADHD. Journal of Attention Disorders, 15(4), 321-327. doi: 10.1177/108705471036167110.1177/1087054710361671

Sciutto, M. (2015). ADHD Knowledge, misconceptions, and treatment acceptability. Journal of Attention Disorders, 19(2), 91-98. Stinnett, T., Crawford, S., Gillespie, M., Cruce, M., & Langford, C. (2001). Factors affecting treatment acceptability for psychostimulant medication versus psychoeducational intervention. Psychology in the Schools, 38(6), 585-591.

Walker-Noack, L., Corkum, P., Elik, N., & Fearon, I. (2013). Youth perceptions of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and barriers to treatment. Canadian Journal of School Psychology, 28(2), 193-218. https://doi.org.libproxy.sdsu.edu/10.1016/j.psychres.2014.11.009

Post-merge tasks

Pinging members of the merge discussion: VariousDeliciousCheeses, Tom (LT), Cffisac, Casliber. I'll also add a message onto the ADHD, WP:MED and WP:PSYCH talk pages.

I've performed a very rough merge (dumped all of it under the pre-existing subheading) just to get past the mildly finicky barrier of copyright law. For anyone that doesn't know, from this point on it's the same as any other article editing. VariousDeliciousCheeses raised a few specific suggestions for how to do the merge, which I'll list here as tasks. Add a comment next to the item if you have finished it.

• The subsection Questioning the pathophysiological and genetic basis of ADHD fits better into the subsection ADHD as a biological difference in particular.
  • Potentially include the perhaps outdated beliefs of the late Dr. Richard Saul, which in summary are that symptoms of ADHD are in actuality the result of other psychological issues, making treatment via stimulants detrimental, in the merge between the two sections. His concerns function well as a bridge between questioning ADHD's biology and issues surrounding its social construct, and might give more context for the importance of how physiological differences in ADHD patients help establish it as a unique disorder. For a non-opinion source, Dr. Saul has written a book with the same provocative title as the article. (I couldn't really summarise this, and I couldn't figure out what article that is.)
• Ensure that the issues with the opinions of Thomas Szasz are appropriately described.

I also raised the possibility of essentially renaming (AKA "moving") this article. I've created a subsection here for discussion and summarised my frankly absurdly long rant. --Xurizuri (talk) 12:18, 11 December 2021 (UTC)

I should've added a note here to explain earlier, but at least I'm doing it now. The merge was reverted and the merge discussion re-opened, so this is paused until that discussion is closed again. --Xurizuri (talk) 01:46, 24 December 2021 (UTC)

Rename/"Move" to Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in society and culture

The current naming is a major WP:UNDUE hazard because the list-ish nature of it makes it hard to assess what's due, and the word "controversy" is kinda just bait for POV. The name also implies that ADHD is controversial - and it is - but "the facts" are also very established scientifically. Further, all of the controversy parts are cultural/societal, but not all the cultural/societal stuff is 100% appropriately described as controversy. By renaming, it would also allow for a less fragmented coverage of societal issues because we don't have to frame them to fit the scope. This renaming would ideally be reflected in the main article, with a society and culture section replacing the current controversies section, and being combined with the society stuff that's under "Causes". --Xurizuri (talk) 12:18, 11 December 2021 (UTC)