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Bulgaria–Israel relations

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Bulgaria–Israel relations
Map indicating locations of Bulgaria and Israel

Bulgaria
Israel

Bulgaria–Israel relations are foreign relations between Bulgaria and Israel. Bulgaria have recognized Israel on 29 November 1948 and opened embassy in 1952. Bulgaria as part of the Soviet block, Bulgaria has closed the embassy in Tel Aviv and severed diplomatic relations with Israel due to the Six-Days War on 10 June 1967. The relations were officially restored at the level of embassies on 3 May 1990.[1]

Bulgaria and Israel maintain strong friendly relationship, and even considered as allies. The Bulgarian-Israeli relationship covers many aspects of tourism, military, trade, culture, economics, education, and more. Bulgarian nationals and Israeli nationals can visit each other without a visa.[2]

History

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Before 1948

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See also: History of the Jews in Bulgaria, The Holocaust in Bulgaria, and The Holocaust in Bulgarian-occupied Greece

The presence of Jews in Bulgaria goes back almost 2,000 years. The Jews in Bulgaria received equal rights as part of the creation of the modern state of Bulgaria under the terms of the Treaty of Berlin.

During the Second World War and the Holocaust, Bulgaria saved about 48,000 Bulgarian Jews while deporting to concentration camps about 11,000 Jews of the occupied territories.[3]

1948–1990

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Bulgaria have recognized Israel on 29 November 1948 and opened embassy in 1952.

On 27 July 1955 the Bulgarian Air Force accidently shot down EL AL flight 402 from London to Tel Aviv via Vienna. All 7 crew and 51 passengers on board were killed.[4]

On 10 June 1967 Bulgaria has closed the embassy in Tel Aviv and severed diplomatic relations with Israel due to the Six-Days War. The Austrian embassy in Tel Aviv served Bulgaria interest as Protecting power. Bulgaria as part of the Soviet Block voted against Israel and in favor the United Nations General Assembly Resolution 3379.

From 1990

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After the collapse of the People's Republic of Bulgaria and the establishment of the Republic of Bulgaria, Bulgaria and Israel restored the relationship at the level of embassies on 3 May 1990.[1] In 1991 was the first state visit of Israeli prime minister, Yitzhak Shamir, to Bulgaria, and year after in 1992 the first state visit of Bulgarian prime minister, Filip Dimitrov, to Israel.[5]

On 16 December 1996 Bulgaria and Israel signed an Protection on Investment Agreement.[6]

On 18 January 2000 Bulgaria and Israel signed an Avidness of Double Taxation Agreement.[7]

On 15 July 2007 Bulgaria and Israel signed a Visa free agreement.[8]

Economic Relations and Trade

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See also: Free trade agreements of the European Union and Free trade agreements of Israel

Bulgaria and Israel have Free Trade Agreement part of the European Union Association Agreement since Bulgaria joined the European Union in 2007.

Bulgaria – Israel trade in millions USD-$[9][10][11][12][13][14][15][16]
 Israel imports

 Bulgaria exports

 Bulgaria imports

 Israel exports

Total trade value
2023 151.2 78.9 230.1
2022 165.8 64.7 230.5
2021 143.2 51.2 194.4
2020 111.7 47.5 159.2
2019 106.6 39.9 146.5
2018 92 41 133
2017 97.8 51.9 149.7
2016 91 38.7 129.7
2015 82.7 88.8 171.5
2014 62.1 128.7 190.8
2013 62.2 53.8 116
2012 56.9 75.3 132.2
2011 62.1 219.3 281.4
2010 60.6 112.4 173
2009 42 69.8 111.8
2008 52 56.2 108.2
2007 63.8 54.3 118.1
2006 48.1 48 96.1
2005 48.2 42.2 90.4
2004 46 30.3 76.3
2003 35.2 23.7 58.9
2002 32.3 20.8 53.1

Tourism

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Tourism of Bulgarians in Israel and Israelis in Bulgaria[17][18][19][20]
2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018 2017 2016 2015
Tourists form  Bulgaria

Arriving to  Israel

20.5 9.6 0.7 3.2 19.8 16.4 11.8 8.4 8.7
Tourists form  Israel

Arriving to  Bulgaria

206.6 174.0 54.3 54.2 246.4 245.6 209.3 183.8 155.3

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b https://web.archive.org/web/20120902085333/http://www.mfa.bg/en/118/pages/view/2670
  2. ^ https://besacenter.org/old-allies-close-friends-the-strategic-importance-of-bulgaria-for-israel/
  3. ^ https://www.timesofisrael.com/why-bulgarian-jews-skipped-an-official-ceremony-marking-their-rescue-from-the-nazis/
  4. ^ https://asn.flightsafety.org/asndb/334858
  5. ^ https://new.embassies.gov.il/bulgaria/en/the-embassy/bilateral-relations
  6. ^ https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/dynamiccollectorresultitem/bulgaria_bit-eng/en/international_agreements_bulgaria_bit-eng.pdf
  7. ^ https://www.gov.il/BlobFolder/dynamiccollectorresultitem/bulgaria_dtpa/he/international_agreements_bulgaria_%20dtpa-eng.pdf
  8. ^ https://www.gov.il/files/mfa/amanot/4-27135-8587.tif
  9. ^ "סחר החוץ לפי ארצות בשנת 2023". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  10. ^ "סחר החוץ לפי ארצות בשנת 2020". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  11. ^ "סחר החוץ לפי ארצות בשנת 2017". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  12. ^ "סחר החוץ לפי ארצות בשנת 2014". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  13. ^ "סחר החוץ של ישראל לפי ארצות בשנת 2011". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  14. ^ "סחר החוץ של ישראל לפי ארצות בשנת 2011". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  15. ^ "סחר החוץ לפי ארצות בשנת 2008". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  16. ^ "סחר החוץ לפי ארצות בשנת 2005". www.cbs.gov.il (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-11-28.
  17. ^ https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/mediarelease/doclib/2024/005/28_24_005t3.pdf
  18. ^ https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2024/1929_tourism_2022/t04.pdf
  19. ^ https://www.cbs.gov.il/he/publications/doclib/2017/1658_tayarut_2015/t04.pdf
  20. ^ https://www.nsi.bg/en/content/1967/arrivals-visitors-abroad-bulgaria-purpose-visit-and-country-origin
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