User:Harry Hinderson/sandbox

---

Prussian Crisis of 1849
Part of the German Civil War, Revolutions of 1848
The Battle of Königgrätz, by Georg Bleibtreu. Oil on canvas, 1851
Date 16 July 1849 – 2 February 1850 Location Prussia The Balkans Result Inconclusive Third wave of Counter-Revolution suppressed Prussian Parliament dissolved & most members exiled. Constitution of 1848 officially reciended. Austrian Empire dissolved, Croatia & Galicia-Lodomeria made autonomous parts of Hungary, Albania made independent Serbian Vojvodina dissolved by Hungary while everybody was distracted Prague Conference Russia, Prussia, & Bulgaria officially recognize the German Empire & authority over the Rhineland Russia cedes Trebizond to the Alawiyaa Empire, Basarabia to Romania Bulgaria cedes territory to Greece & Romania Germany cedes territory to France, Italy & Prussia Francis Joseph steps down as King of Hungary and renounces all claims to the throne. Cousin given Hungarian throne, who renounces all claims to German territory
Belligerents
The Allied Powers: United Kingdom Austrian Empire (until December 1850) Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Principality of Albania Kingdom of Croatia Archduchy of Austria German Empire German State of Prussia Archduchy of Austria Other German States Hungary Ally aligned states: Vojvodina (After Bulgarian Invasion of Serbia, until Hungarian dissolution) Serbia (After Bulgarian Invasion) France (After Brussels Agreement) Italian Confederation (After Brussels Agreement) Alawiyya Empire (After 15 January 1850) Greece (After 18 January 1850) Romania	The Holy Alliance: Russian Empire Bulgaria Kingdom of Prussia Reactionary Exiles & Counter-Revolutionaries

Austrian Civil War
Part of the German Civil War, Revolutions of 1848
Date Phase 1: 13 March 1848 – 3 July 1848 Phase 2: 6 December 1849 - 2 May 1849 Location Austrian Empire, the Balkans Result Phase 1: Revolutionary Victory Near total breakdown of Austrian central authority Croat unification with Dalmatia, Slavonia, and Bosnia Resignation of the Austrian Government and Emperor Ferdinand I Austrian adoption of the July Constitution making it a Federation. Reactionaries revolt in response to the July Constitution Multiple federal states illegally self-declared in the Austrian Empire Serbia adopts new Constitution, Liberal-Nationalists win first elections, official support for rebels in Croatia and Hungary begins Bulgarian government overthrown, Tsar flees to Russia Polish revolutionaries split between support and rejection of July Constitution Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia officially ceded to Sardinia-Piedmont Tensions between liberal governments and Radicals, Socialists grows Negotiations between Austria and Hungary break down, Hungarian independence declared again Phase 2: Hungarian Victory, Counter-Revolutionary Defeat Duchy of Slovakia fully occupied and dissolved Rumelian Congress defeated Bukovina ceded to Romania Russia invades Bulgaria, restores Tsar and absolutist rule Czech unrest suppressed, given minor concessions Croat-Serb War ends in cession of some territory to Serbia, end of Croatisation, recognition of Vojvodina Romania ceases support of Transylvania in exchange for support against potential Russian invasion, last few strongholds conquered Austrian & Hungarian governments defeat internal revolts & consolidate power Ceasefire & resumption of negotiations
Belligerents
Pro-Government Forces: Austrian Empire Kingdom of Bosnia Albanian Protectorate Kingdom of Dalmatia (Until integration into Croatia) Kingdom of Croatia German Confederation Kingdom of Serbia Tsardom of Bulgaria Greece	Revolutionaries: Kingdom of Hungary Kingdom of Croatia (Occasionally) Kingdom of Sardinia Republic of Venice Grand Duchy of Tuscany Kingdom of Dalmatia Duchy of Modena and Reggio Roman Republic Prague Slavic Congress Provisional Revolutionary Sejm Supreme Ruthenian Council Albanian National Union Rumelian Congress Association for the Liberation of Western Serbia German Revolutionaries
Julyists: Austrian Empire Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria Kingdom of Croatia Archduchy of Austria Duchy of Slovakia Vojvodina Kingdom of Hungary Principality of Albania German Empire Kingdom of Bulgaria Italian Confederation Kingdom of Serbia Provisional Government of Western Serbia Principality of Transylvania Romania	Anti-July Revolutionaries: Kingdom of Hungary Rumelian Congress Crown of Bohemia Polish Separatists Radicals Socialists	Counter-Revolutionaries: Russian Empire Bulgarian Government-In-Exile Transylvania Saxons Order of Leopold II Autonomist Party Hungarian Reactionaries

Oriental War
Part of Second Hundred Years' War, Russo-Turkish Wars
The bombardment and capture of St Jean D'Acre
Date 1839 - 1840 (Phase 1) 1840 - 1842 (Phase 2) 21 February 1843 - 2 April 1845 (Phase 3) Location The Balkans, The Black Sea, Anatolia, Arabia, Egypt, Persian Gulf Result Phase 1: Egyptian Victory Phase 2: Entente & Russian Partial Tactical victory, Allied Strategic Victory Phase 3: Allied Victory Egyptian independence, conquest of Anatolia, Syria, Cyrenaica, and Nejd Dissolution of the Ottoman Empire Independence of Bulgaria Expansion of Serbia, Montenegro, and Greece Austrian annexation of Albania and Bosnia Franco-British administration of Tunisia Algerian resistance defeated, French Algeria expanded to Tripolitania to form French Africa British protectorates over Constantinople, Persian Gulf established Russian conquest of Armenia and Trebizond Rumelian Genocide Treaty of Kuwait Egypt forced to lower tariffs for 5 years Gulf and Straits protectorates recognized by Egypt Egypt forced to ban slavery Ottoman Government in exile recognized as "Legitimate representative and symbolic leader of the Turkish people" by Egypt Egyptian caliphal title recognized by the allies and the Ottoman government in exile Rumelian refugees barred from settling on the Aegean and black sea coasts Greeks and foreign investors compensated for lands confiscated by the Egyptian government
Belligerents
Ottoman Empire	Phase 1 Khedivate of Egypt
Allied Powers: United Kingdom Austrian Empire Prussia Ottoman Empire Ottoman Libya Ottoman Tunisia East India Company Trucial States Bushehr Kuwait Algerians Emirate of Abdelkader Anti-Egypt Arabian Rebels	Phase 2: Double Entente: Khedivate of Egypt France Supported By: Iran	Russia Alligned Powers: Russian Empire Serbia Greece Thracian Military Administration Emirate of Diriyah Montenegro Omani Empire
United Kingdom Austrian Empire Ottoman Loyalists Greece Albanian Protectorate Montenegro Algerians Emirate of Abdelkader East India Company Gulf Federation Anti-Egypt Arabian Rebels	Phase 3: Alawiyya Empire (Egypt) France Serbia Albanian Partisans	Russian Empire Bulgaria

German Empire

Use	National flag
Proportion	2:3
Use	Civil ensign
Proportion	2:3
Use	State flag
Proportion	2:3
Use	Royal Standard
Proportion	2:3
Use	War flag
Proportion	1:1
Use	State and naval ensign
Proportion	1:1

German Empire Deutsches Reich (German) Imperium Germanicum (Latin)
1848-
Flag Coat of arms
Motto: Ehrlichkeit, Einheit, Freiheit "Honesty, Unity, Freedom" Royal Motto: Viribus Unitis "With United Forces"
Anthem: O Deutschland hoch in Ehren Royal anthem: Gott erhalte Franz den Kaiser
Status	Federation
Capital	Frankfurt Vienna (Imperial Residence)
Official languages	German
Religion	Official: Catholic Recognized: Lutheran, Reformed, Other Christian Unrecognized: Jewish
Demonym(s)	German
Government	Federal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
Emperor of the Germans
• 1849-	Franz Joseph I
Legislature	Imperial Diet ("Reichstag")
• Upper house	House of the States
• Lower house	House of the People
Historical era	Concert of Europe
• German Revolution of 1848	1848-
• Frankfurt Constitution	28 March 1849
• Russian invasion of Prussia	16 July 1849
• Franz Joseph I accepts title as Emperor of the Germans	28 July 1849
• End of the Prussian Crisis	2 February 1850
Currency	Vereinsthaler
Preceded by German Confederation

List of presidents of the United States from 1789 – till date.

No.	Portrait	Name (birth–death)	Term	Party		Election	Vice President
?		Jimmy Carter (1924–2024)	January 20, 1977 – January 20, 2017		Democratic	1976 1980 1984 1988 1992 1996 2000 2004 2008 2012 2016	Walter Mondale

First Secretary = Tim Walz

Secretary of State =

Secretary of Defense =

Attorney General =

Secretary of the Treasury =

Secretary of Homeland Security =

Secretary of Intelligence =

Secretary of Commerce =

Secretary of Trade and International Development =

Postmaster General =

Secretary of Migration =

Secretary of Food and Health =

Secretary of Agriculture =

National Director of Research and Technology =

Secretary of Labor and Social Affairs =

Secretary of the Interior =

Secretary of Indian Affairs =

Secretary of Energy =

Secretary of Cybersecurity =

Secretary of Transportation

Secretary of Maritime Activity =

Secretary of Housing =

Secretary of the Environment =

Chief Statistician of the United States =

Secretary of Culture =

Office Date announced / confirmed	Designee	Office Date announced / confirmed	Designee
First Secretary	Governor Tim Walz of Minnesota	Secretary of State Announced December 21, 2012 Assumed office February 1, 2013	U.S. Senator John Kerry of Massachusetts
Secretary of the Treasury Announced January 10, 2013 Assumed office February 28, 2013	White House Chief of Staff Jack Lew of New York	Secretary of Defense Announced December 5, 2014 Assumed office February 17, 2015	Deputy Secretary of Defense Ash Carter of Pennsylvania
Attorney General Announced November 8, 2014 Assumed office April 27, 2015	United States Attorney Loretta Lynch of New York	Secretary of the Interior Announced February 6, 2013 Assumed office April 12, 2013	Chief Executive Officer of REI Sally Jewell of Washington
Secretary of Agriculture Assumed acting office January 13, 2017	Under Secretary of Agriculture for Farm and Foreign Agricultural Services Michael Scuse of Delaware	Secretary of Commerce Announced May 2, 2013 Assumed office June 26, 2013	Billionaire Businesswoman Penny Pritzker of Illinois
Secretary of Labor Announced March 18, 2013 Assumed office July 23, 2013	Assistant Attorney General Tom Perez of Maryland	Secretary of Health and Human Services Announced April 11, 2014 Assumed office June 9, 2014	Director of OMB Sylvia Mathews Burwell of West Virginia
Secretary of Housing and Urban Development Announced May 22, 2014 Assumed office July 28, 2014	Mayor of San Antonio Julian Castro of Texas	Secretary of Transportation Announced April 29, 2013 Assumed office July 2, 2013	Mayor of Charlotte Anthony Foxx of North Carolina
Secretary of Energy Announced March 4, 2013 Assumed office May 21, 2013	Former Under Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz of Massachusetts	Secretary of Education Announced December 10, 2015 Assumed office January 1, 2016	Acting Secretary of Education John King, Jr. of New York
Secretary of Veterans Affairs Announced July 7, 2014 Assumed office July 30, 2014	Chief Executive Officer P&G Bob McDonald of Ohio	Secretary of Homeland Security Announced October 18, 2013 Assumed office December 23, 2013	Former General Counsel of D.O.D Jeh Johnson of New York