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Imperial Aramaic alphabet
[edit]Redrawn from A Grammar of Biblical Aramaic, Franz Rosenthal; forms are as used in Egypt, 5th century BC. Names are as in Biblical Aramaic.
Letter name | Letter form | Letter | Transliteration | Equivalent Letter in ... | Sound value | |||||
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Hebrew | Syriac | Arabic | Brahmi | Nabataean | Kharosthi | |||||
Ālaph | ![]() |
𐡀 | ʾ (oder einfach ' ) | א | ܐ | ء | ![]() |
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/ʔ/; /aː/, /eː/ |
Bēth | ![]() |
𐡁 | b (oder v?) | ב | ܒ | ب | ![]() |
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/b/, /v/ |
Gāmal | ![]() |
𐡂 | g | ג | ܓ | /ʒ/=ج | ![]() |
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/ɡ/, /ɣ/ |
Dālath | ![]() |
𐡃 | d | ד | ܕ | /ð/د,ذ/d/,ض/ḏ/,ظ/ḍ/ | ![]() |
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/ð/, /d/ |
Hē | ![]() |
𐡄 | h | ה | ܗ | ﻫ | ? | ![]() |
? | /h/ |
Waw | ![]() |
𐡅 | w | ו | ܘ | و | ![]() |
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/w/; /oː/, /uː/ |
Zain | ![]() |
𐡆 | z | ז | ܙ | ز | ? | ![]() |
? | /z/ |
Ḥēth | ![]() |
𐡇 | ḥ | ח | ܚ | /X/ﺧ, /ħ/ﺣ | ? | ![]() |
? | /ħ/ /X/ |
Ṭēth | ![]() |
𐡈 | ṭ | ט | ܛ | ط /ṯ/ | ![]() |
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emphatic /tˤ/ |
Yudh | ![]() |
𐡉 | y | י | ܝ | ي | ![]() |
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/j/; /iː/, /eː/ |
Kāph | ![]() |
𐡊 | k | כ ך | ܟܟ | ك | ![]() |
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/k/, /x/ |
Lāmadh | ![]() |
𐡋 | l | ל | ܠ | ﻟـ | ![]() |
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/l/ |
Mim | ![]() |
𐡌 | m | מ ם | ܡܡ | ﻣ | ![]() |
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/m/ |
Nun | ![]() |
𐡍 | n | נ ן | ܢܢ ܢ | ن | ![]() |
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/n/ |
Semkath | ![]() |
𐡎 | s | ס | ܣ | ﺳ | ![]() |
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/s/ |
ʿĒ | ![]() |
𐡏 | ʿ (oder ägyptologisches Ꜥ ?) | ע | ܥ | ﻏ/,/ﻋ/ʁ/ | ? | ![]() |
? | /ʕ/ |
Pē | ![]() |
𐡐 | p | פ ף | ܦ | /f/ف | ![]() |
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/p/, /f/ |
Ṣādhē | ![]() ![]() |
𐡑 | ṣ | צ ץ | ܨ | ص | ![]() |
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emphatic /sˤ/ |
Qoph | ![]() |
𐡒 | q | ק | ܩ | ق | ![]() |
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/q/ |
Rēsh | ![]() |
𐡓 | r | ר | ܪ | ر | ![]() |
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/r/ |
Shin | ![]() |
𐡔 | š | ש | ܫ | ﺷ | ![]() |
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/ʃ/ |
Tau | ![]() |
𐡕 | t | ת | ܬ | /t/ﺗـ,/θ/ﺛـ | ![]() |
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/t/, /θ/ |