Short anagen syndrome
| Short anagen syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Specialty | Dermatology |
Short anagen syndrome is a condition where hair does not grow beyond a short length, due to an unusually short duration of active hair growth (anagen phase).[1] Most cases are associated with fine blond hair.[2]
Signs and symptoms
[edit]Short anagen syndrome appears as sporadic short hair, frequently with low hair density and no obvious alopecia patches.[3] Oftentimes, parents worry that their child never needs a haircut or that their hair never gets long.[4] The anagen phase lasts for only four to ten months.[5] The hair cycle synchronizes when the anagen phase shortens, resulting in recurrent periods of severe hair loss.[1]
Causes
[edit]Although familial cases have been described, which may indicate an autosomal dominant inheritance,[6] the condition is congenital and is believed to be sporadic.[1]
Diagnosis
[edit]As of right now, short anagen syndrome lacks diagnostic standards. Nonetheless, the diagnosis might be supported by the following six key clinical features:[4]
- Other than its length, the hair shaft is normal.[4]
- Normal hair density.[4]
- Absence of fragility in hair.[4]
- When separating it from loose anagen syndrome or telogen effluvium, the hair pull test is frequently normal.[4]
- Normal physical exam (skin, teeth, and nails).[4]
- Average physical and mental growth.[4]
The diagnosis is confirmed by microscopic analysis of the hair, which displays short telogen hairs with tapering tips, indicating uncut hairs.[1]
Differential diagnosis for short hair consists primarily of loose anagen syndrome (LAS), congenital hypotrichosis, and hair shaft diseases.[5]
Treatment
[edit]Topical minoxidil is known to prolong the anagen phase, enhance hair length, and prevent telogen effluvium as a therapeutic intervention; nevertheless, therapy is debatable and may not be required, at least in young children.[7][8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Giacomini, Federica; Starace, Michela; Tosti, Antonella (2011). "Short Anagen Syndrome". Pediatric Dermatology. 28 (2). Wiley: 133–134. doi:10.1111/j.1525-1470.2010.01165.x. ISSN 0736-8046. PMID 20553398.
- ^ Avashia, N; Woolery-Lloyd H; Tosti A; Romanelli P (December 2010). "Short anagen syndrome in an African American woman". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 63 (6): 1092–3. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2009.10.019. PMID 20546972.
- ^ Antaya, Richard J.; Sideridou, Eirini; Olsen, Elise A. (2005). "Short anagen syndrome". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 53 (2). Elsevier BV: S130–S134. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2004.12.029. ISSN 0190-9622.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Yisheng, Wong; Peiqi, Su (August 2023). "Short Anagen Syndrome: A Hair Cycle Disorder Not To Be Forgotten". Asian Journal of Pediatric Dermatology. 1 (1): 24. doi:10.4103/3333-8888.384062 (inactive 1 November 2024). ISSN 2950-3515.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (link) - ^ a b Oberlin, Kate E.; Maddy, Austin J.; Martínez-Velasco, María Abril; Vázquez-Herrera, Norma Elizabeth; Schachner, Lawrence A.; Tosti, Antonella (2018). "Short anagen syndrome: Case series and literature review". Pediatric Dermatology. 35 (3): 388–391. doi:10.1111/pde.13478. ISSN 0736-8046. PMID 29582461.
- ^ Barraud-Klenovsek, M.M.; Trüeb, R.M. (2000). "Congenital hypotrichosis due to short anagen". British Journal of Dermatology. 143 (3). Oxford University Press (OUP): 612–617. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2133.2000.03720.x. ISSN 0007-0963. PMID 10971339.
- ^ Cheng, Yu-Pin; Chen, Yu-Sheng; Lin, Sung-Jan; Hsiao, Cheng-Hsiang; Chiu, Hsien-Ching; Chan, Jung-Yi Lisa (2016-10-05). "Minoxidil improved hair density in an Asian girl with short anagen syndrome: a case report and review of literature". International Journal of Dermatology. 55 (11). Wiley: 1268–1271. doi:10.1111/ijd.12150. ISSN 0011-9059.
- ^ JUNG, Hee Dam; KIM, Jung Eun; KANG, Hoon (2011-05-04). "Short anagen syndrome successfully controlled with topical minoxidil and systemic cyclosporine A combination therapy". The Journal of Dermatology. 38 (11). Wiley: 1108–1110. doi:10.1111/j.1346-8138.2011.01222.x. ISSN 0385-2407.
Further reading
[edit]- Doche, Isabella; Donati, Aline; Valente, Neusa Sakai; Romiti, Ricardo; Hordinsky, Maria K. (2012). "Short anagen syndrome in a girl with curly dark hair and consanguineous parents". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 67 (6). Elsevier BV: e279–e280. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2012.06.012. ISSN 0190-9622.
- Antaya, Richard J.; Sideridou, Eirini; Olsen, Elise A. (2005). "Short anagen syndrome". Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 53 (2). Elsevier BV: S130–S134. doi:10.1016/j.jaad.2004.12.029. ISSN 0190-9622.