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Sheikh Muhammad Mosque

Coordinates: 40°45′22″N 48°23′24″E / 40.7561°N 48.3899°E / 40.7561; 48.3899
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Sheikh Muhammad Mosque
Azerbaijani: Şeyx Məhəmməd Məscidi
The former mosque in 2024
Religion
AffiliationIslam (former)
Ecclesiastical or organizational status
StatusAbandoned (ruinous state)
Location
LocationBasqal, Ismayilli District
CountryAzerbaijan
Sheikh Muhammad Mosque is located in Azerbaijan
Sheikh Muhammad Mosque
Location of the former mosque in Azerbaijan
Geographic coordinates40°45′22″N 48°23′24″E / 40.7561°N 48.3899°E / 40.7561; 48.3899
Architecture
TypeMosque architecture
StyleIslamic
Completed1531
Minaret(s)Two (since destroyed)
Inscriptions20 (maybe more)

The Sheikh Muhammad Mosque (Azerbaijani: Şeyx Məhəmməd Məscidi), is a former mosque and historical architectural monument, located in the Basqal State Historical-Cultural Reserve in the Ismayilli District of Azerbaijan. Completed in 1531, the former mosque has been partially restored.

About

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The Sheikh Muhammad Mosque was built in 1531 under the orders of Pir Muhammad, the son of Sufi Dervish Ali.[1] The mosque is located in the Kələküçə neighborhood of Basqal.[2][3] A madrasa operated in the mosque's courtyard.[4]

After the Soviet occupation in Azerbaijan, the official campaign against religion began in 1928.[5] In December of that year, the Central Committee of the Azerbaijan Communist Party transferred many mosques, churches, and synagogues to the balance of clubs for educational purposes.[6] While there were 3,000 mosques in Azerbaijan in 1917, this number dropped to 1,700 in 1927, 1,369 in 1928, and 17 in 1933.[6][7]

Sheikh Muhammad Mosque was closed for worship during this period. About twenty stone inscriptions in the mosque's courtyard were destroyed, and the twin minarets were dismantled.[8] The mosque building was repurposed as a club.[9][10] In 1975, the building was completely destroyed by a fire caused by a short circuit in the electrical network.

In the 1980s, local people carried out restoration work on the mosque.[11] During this work, they discovered an inscription about Pir Çinar, which was planted beside the mosque.[12] The inscription noted that Pir Çinar was planted by Sheikh Safayi in 1568.[13] In 1989, the Basqal State Historical-Cultural Reserve was established in the area including the mosque.[14][15]

Archaeological excavations

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In 2019, at the request of the State Tourism Agency of the Republic of Azerbaijan, an expedition from the Archaeology and Ethnography Institute of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, led by Prof. Dr. Qafar Cəbiyev, conducted archaeological research inside and in the courtyard of Sheikh Muhammad Mosque.[9] Inside the former mosque, remains of a smaller, square-shaped mosque in the style of Shirvanshahs period Islamic architecture were uncovered.[16] Several inscriptions were also discovered during the excavation.[9]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Əliyeva, Həbibə; Xəlilli, Fariz (2019). Basqal epiqrafikası. I kitab-albom (in Azerbaijani). Vol. I. Bakı: Elm və təhsil nəşriyyatı. p. 16. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  2. ^ Babayev, Tofiq; Şahbazov, Tahir (2017). Basqal: tarixi-etnoqrafik tədqiqat (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidenti yanında Elmin İnkişafı Fondu. p. 140. ISBN 978-9952-516-04-3. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  3. ^ Azərbaycan Respublikası Məscidlərinin Ensiklopediyası (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Beynəlxalq Əlhuda. 2001. p. 146. ISBN 964-8121-59-1. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 23, 2021.
  4. ^ Babayev, Tofiq; Şahbazov, Tahir (2017). Basqal: tarixi-etnoqrafik tədqiqat (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidenti yanında Elmin İnkişafı Fondu. p. 141. ISBN 978-9952-516-04-3. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  5. ^ Yunusov, Arif (2004). Azərbaycanda İslam (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Zaman. p. 140. ISBN 9952-8052-2-5. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  6. ^ a b Yunusov, Arif (2004). Azərbaycanda İslam (PDF) (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Zaman. p. 141. ISBN 9952-8052-2-5. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 5, 2023. Retrieved December 14, 2022.
  7. ^ Ələsgərova, Nəsrin (January 15, 2005). "Ислам в Азербайджане: история и современность | Heinrich Böll Stiftung | Tbilisi – South Caucasus Region". ge.boell.org (in Russian). Archived from the original on September 13, 2019. Retrieved September 4, 2024.
  8. ^ Babayev, Tofiq; Şahbazov, Tahir (2017). Basqal: tarixi-etnoqrafik tədqiqat (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidenti yanında Elmin İnkişafı Fondu. p. 141. ISBN 978-9952-516-04-3. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  9. ^ a b c Ağayev, Adil (November 3, 2019). "Basqalda arxeoloji tədqiqatlar davam edir". Azərtac. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  10. ^ Cəbiyev, Qafar (November 16, 2019). "Basqalın tarixinə dair yeni arxeoloji tapıntılar". Xalq qəzeti. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  11. ^ Babayev, Tofiq; Şahbazov, Tahir (2017). Basqal: tarixi-etnoqrafik tədqiqat (in Azerbaijani). Bakı: Azərbaycan Respublikasının Prezidenti yanında Elmin İnkişafı Fondu. p. 142. ISBN 978-9952-516-04-3. Archived from the original on April 24, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  12. ^ Əliyeva, Həbibə; Xəlilli, Fariz (2019). Basqal epiqrafikası. I kitab-albom (in Azerbaijani). Vol. I. Bakı: Elm və təhsil nəşriyyatı. p. 12. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  13. ^ "500 ildən artıq yaşı və dünyada kitabəsi olan yeganə tarixi çinar ağacı". shimal.news. December 17, 2023. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  14. ^ ""Basqal" Dövlət Tarix-Mədəniyyət Qoruğuna mediatur təşkil edilib". medeniyyet.az (in Azerbaijani). August 14, 2022. Archived from the original on October 3, 2022. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  15. ^ ""Basqal" Dövlət Tarix-Mədəniyyət Qoruğu". www.heritage.org.az. Archived from the original on May 30, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
  16. ^ Əliyeva, Həbibə; Xəlilli, Fariz (2019). Basqal epiqrafikası. I kitab-albom (in Azerbaijani). Vol. I. Bakı: Elm və təhsil nəşriyyatı. p. 4. Archived from the original on September 9, 2024. Retrieved September 9, 2024.
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