Proceso 1001

The Proceso 1001 or Proceso 1001 de 1972 (lit. 'Trial 1001' or '1972 Trial 1001') of the Court of Public Order took place during the Franco dictatorship in Spain, in 1973, although it began in 1972. It resulted in the sentencing to prison of the entire leadership of the Workers' Commissions trade union.

History

On 24 June 1972, the leadership of Workers' Commissions, an illegal trade union and main opponent of the dictatorship in the labor sphere, was arrested at the convent of the Oblates in Pozuelo de Alarcón (Madrid) where it was meeting with the workers.^[1]

They remained imprisoned until the trial was held over a year later. The trial finally took place on the 20th -which coincided with the assassination of the President of the Government, Luis Carrero Blanco, which caused the suspension of the trial for a few hours-, 21 and 22 December 1973. The defendants faced the accusation of being leaders of the Workers' Commissions, and as such belonging to an illegal organization due to their alleged link with the Communist Party of Spain, which would be a clear case of illicit association.^[1] On December 30, the sentences were announced, which coincided with the prosecutor's requests and whose severity is considered to be related to the attack against Carrero Blanco.^[1]^[2] The ten members of the leadership, who became known as the Carabanchel Ten, were sentenced to prison. The prison sentences were as follows:

Marcelino Camacho, 20 years
Nicolás Sartorius, 19 years
Miguel Ángel Zamora Antón, 12 years
Pedro Santiesteban, 12 years
Eduardo Saborido, 20 years
Francisco García Salve (worker priest), 19 years
Luis Fernández, 12 years
Francisco Acosta,^[3] 12 years
Juan Muñiz Zapico Juanín, 18 years
Fernando Soto Martín, 17 years^[1]

A year later, the Supreme Court reviewed the sentences, lowering them considerably:

Marcelino Camacho to 6 years
Nicolás Sartorius to 5 years
Miguel Ángel Zamora Antón to 2 years
Pedro Santiesteban to 2 years
Eduardo Saborido to 5 years
Francisco García Salve to 5 years
Luis Fernández to 2 years
Francisco Acosta to 2 years
Juan Muñiz Zapico to 4 years
Fernando Soto Martín to 4 years in prison.^[1]

Shortly after the death of dictator Francisco Franco, those imprisoned for Proceso 1001 were pardoned by King Juan Carlos I on 25 November 1975.^[4]

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Recio García, Armando (2007). "La prensa jurídica en el tardofranquismo: el Proceso 1001" (pdf). Historia y comunicación social (12). Universidad Complutense de Madrid: 177–88. ISSN 1137-0734.
^ Barrio, Javier (9 June 2007). "Juanín encarnó a la generación de luchadores que ensancharon el espacio de libertades". LaRepública.es. Retrieved 24 July 2019.
^ Acosta Orge, Francisco (2022-06-22). "¡Buscad en todas las habitaciones, en los servicios, que no escape ni uno!". Nueva Tribuna.
^ Reig Cruañes (1999). Opinión pública y comunicación política en la transición democrática / José Reig Cruañes (PhD dissertation). pp. 872–3.

History

References

Further reading