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President of Slovenia

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President of the Republic of Slovenia
Predsednik Republike Slovenije
Flag of the President
since 23 December 2022
Office of the President of the Republic
StyleMadam President
(Slovene: Gospa predsednica) (informal)
Her Excellency
(Slovene: Njena ekscelenca) (diplomatic)
TypeHead of state
Member ofNational Security Council (upon invitation of the Prime Minister)
Reports toNational Assembly
ResidenceNone
Seat
AppointerPopular vote
Term lengthFive years, renewable once
Constituting instrumentConstitution of Slovenia
Inaugural holderMilan Kučan
Formation10 May 1990; 34 years ago (1990-05-10) (de facto)
23 December 1991; 32 years ago (1991-12-23) (de jure)
DeputySpeaker of the National Assembly (as acting president)
Salary€5,419 monthly[1]
WebsiteOfficial website
Naprej, zastava slave
"Forward, Flag of Glory" from the 19th century; known as the Song of the President of Slovenia
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Politics of Slovenia

UN Member State
(UNSC Member · ECOSOC Member)
EU Member State
(Eurozone Member · Schengen Area Member)
NATO Member State
Council of Europe Member State
OECD Member State

Constitution
Executive
Legislature
Judiciary
Other institutions
Elections
Subdivisions
Foreign relations

The president of Slovenia, officially the president of the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Predsednik Republike Slovenije), is the head of state of the Republic of Slovenia. The office was established on 23 December 1991 when the National Assembly passed a new constitution after the separation of Slovenia from the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Five individuals have occupied the post of president of the Republic since Slovenia achieved its independence. The incumbent is Nataša Pirc Musar, Slovenia's first female president. The president's official workplace is the Presidential Palace in Ljubljana.

Election and term of office

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The president is directly elected by universal adult suffrage for a term of five years.[2] Any Slovenian citizen of legal age (18 or more) may run for President, but may only hold office for two terms.[2]

The president has no legally guaranteed immunity and may be impeached during their time in office.

Duties and functions

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The president of the Republic is the highest representative of the Slovenian state, belonging neither to the legislative, executive, judicial, nor constitutive branches of state power. The president instead occupies a completely separate but coequal moderating branch by virtue of Article 102 of the Constitution.[3] To this end, the president represents Slovenia abroad, fosters national unity at home, and exercises supreme command and control over the Armed Forces of Slovenia as commander-in-chief. In the performance of these functions, the president upholds the rule of law and, through their ongoing mediation and arbitration, guarantees the continuity and orderly operation of Slovenia’s democratic institutions.[4] This stabilising and integrative role is in keeping with the president’s solemn oath taken at inauguration to “...uphold the constitutional order,…act according to my conscience and…do all in my power for the good of Slovenia”.[5]

The Constitution of Slovenia provides for a parliamentary system of government, whereby the presidency is a predominantly ceremonial institution with limited political power.[6] Indeed, unlike in most parliamentary republics, the president is not even the ‘’nominal’’ chief executive. Rather, the executive authority of Slovenia is implicitly vested in the Government with the prime minister as its head.[7] The Government is nevertheless obliged by the terms of its own standing orders to keep the president fully informed on matters of state, be they foreign or domestic.[8] Moreover, the functions conferred on the president by the Constitution and subordinate statute law require neither the countersignature of the prime minister nor the advice of the Government to be effective.[9][10][a] Thus, the powers and duties at the president’s disposal are generally exercised either in his or her complete discretion or, in the case of ministerial functions, in accordance with constitutional restrictions.[11]

According to the constitution, the president is the highest representative of the state. In practice, the position is mostly ceremonial. The president can appoint high ranking officials such as the head of the Central Bank of Slovenia, but they have to be confirmed by the parliament.[6] Among other things, the president is also the commander-in-chief of the Slovenian Armed Forces.

List of presidents of Slovenia

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Socialist Republic of Slovenia

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Parties;   KPS / ZKS   OF   SDP

No. Name
(Birth–Death) 		Portrait Term of office Political party
Presidents of the People's Assembly
1953–1974
1 Ferdo Kozak
(1894–1957)		 30 January 1953 15 December 1953 OF
2 Miha Marinko
(1900–1983)		 15 December 1953 9 June 1962 ZKS
3 Vida Tomšič
(1913–1998)		 9 June 1962 25 June 1963 ZKS
5 Ivan Maček
(1908–1993)		 25 June 1963 9 May 1967 ZKS
6 Sergej Kraigher
(1914–2001)		 9 May 1967 1973 ZKS
7 Tone Kropušek
(1928–2017)		 1973 1974 ZKS
8 Marijan Brecelj
(1910–1989)		 1974 9 May 1974 ZKS
Presidents of the Presidency
1974–1991
9 Sergej Kraigher
(1914–2001)		 9 May 1974 23 May 1979 ZKS
10 Viktor Avbelj
(1914–1993)		 23 May 1979 7 May 1984 ZKS
11 France Popit
(1921–2013)		 7 May 1984 6 May 1988 ZKS
12 Janez Stanovnik
(1922–2020)		 6 May 1988 10 May 1990 ZKS
(12) SDP
13 Milan Kučan
(born 1941)		 10 May 1990 23 December 1991 SDP

Republic of Slovenia

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Parties;   ZLSD / SD   LDS   Independent

No. Portrait Name
(Birth–Death) 		Term of office Political Party Elected
Took office Left office Time in office
Presidents
1991–present
1
Milan Kučan
Milan Kučan
(born 1941)		23 December 199122 December 200210 years, 364 daysSD
Independent		1990
1992
1997
2
Janez Drnovšek
Janez Drnovšek
(1950–2008)		22 December 200223 December 20075 years, 1 dayLDS
Independent		2002
3
Danilo Türk
Danilo Türk
(born 1952)		23 December 200722 December 20124 years, 365 daysIndependent2007
4
Borut Pahor
Borut Pahor
(born 1963)		22 December 201222 December 202210 yearsSD
Independent		2012
2017
5
Nataša Pirc Musar
Nataša Pirc Musar
(born 1968)		23 December 2022Incumbent1 year, 346 daysIndependent2022

Latest election

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Main article: 2022 Slovenian presidential election

See also

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Footnotes

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  1. ^ Refer to "Representative function", "Relationship with the government", and "Information" in Part III of the Ribaric report.

References

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  1. ^ "Za predsedniški položaj pet tisočakov osnovne bruto plače, nekaterim pravicam sta se Pahor in Pečarjeva odrekla". sta.si. Slovenian Press Agency. 26 June 2022. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  2. ^ a b "Kako volimo predsednika države?". rtvslo.si (in Slovenian). RTV Slovenija. Retrieved 22 December 2022.
  3. ^ "Article 102, Constitution of Slovenia". The Constitute Project. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  4. ^ Alenka Krašovec & Damjan Lajh (24 August 2018). Informal Powers by Presidents in a Small State: Semi-Presidentialism in Slovenia. European Consortium for Political Research. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  5. ^ "Article 104, Constitution of Slovenia". The Constitute Project. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  6. ^ a b Simmons, Lennard (13 November 2022). "Slowenien wählt erstmals eine Frau zum Staatsoberhaupt". Die Zeit. Retrieved 18 November 2022.
  7. ^ "Articles 110 and 114, Constitution of Slovenia". The Constitute Project. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  8. ^ Public Management Profiles of Central and Eastern European Countries: Slovenia (PDF) (Report). Organization for Economic Co-Operation and Development. September 1999. p. 16. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  9. ^ Miha Ribaric (30 May 2000). "Part II: Powers (functions) of the President of the Republic". Status of the President of the Republic of Slovenia in the System of Government (Report). Office of the President of the Republic of Slovenia. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  10. ^ Miha Ribaric (30 May 2000). "Part III: The President of the Republic in the system of state bodies". Status of the President of the Republic of Slovenia in the System of Government (Report). Office of the President of the Republic of Slovenia. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
  11. ^ Miro Cerar (September 1999). "Chapter 12: Slovenia". In Robert Elgie (ed.). Semi-Presidentialism in Europe. pp. 232–259. Retrieved 2 December 2024.
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