Georgia is a country in Eastern Europe and West Asia. It is part of the Caucasus region, bounded by the Black Sea to the west, Russia to the north and northeast, Turkey to the southwest, Armenia to the south, and Azerbaijan to the southeast. Georgia covers an area of 69,700 square kilometres (26,900 sq mi). It has a population of 3.7 million, of which over a third live in the capital and largest city, Tbilisi. Georgians, who are native to the region, constitute a majority of the country's population and are its titular nation.
Georgian scripts are unique in their appearance and their exact origin has never been established; however, in strictly structural terms, their alphabetical order largely corresponds to the Greek alphabet, with the exception of letters denoting uniquely Georgian sounds, which are grouped at the end. Originally consisting of 38 letters, Georgian is presently written in a 33-letter alphabet, as five letters are obsolete. The number of Georgian letters used in other Kartvelian languages varies. Mingrelian uses 36: thirty-three that are current Georgian letters, one obsolete Georgian letter, and two additional letters specific to Mingrelian and Svan. Laz uses the same 33 current Georgian letters as Mingrelian plus that same obsolete letter and a letter borrowed from Greek for a total of 35. The fourth Kartvelian language, Svan, is not commonly written, but when it is, it uses Georgian letters as utilized in Mingrelian, with an additional obsolete Georgian letter and sometimes supplemented by diacritics for its many vowels. (Full article...)
Image 37A medieval illustration of the Georgian king George IV Lasha waging war against the Mongols in 1220. King George is shown in blue garment on a white horse holding a whip. A depiction from La Flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient by Hayton of Corycus. (from History of Georgia (country))
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King Solomon I (from History of Georgia (country))
Coronation of Demetrius I, a fresco from Matskhvarishi, 1140 (from History of Georgia (country))
Bedia Cup of King Bagrat III of Georgia, 999 AD (from History of Georgia (country))
2nd century BC bronze torso from Western Georgia, displayed at the Georgian National Museum (from Culture of Georgia (country))
A plate of khinkali (from Georgian cuisine)
Chashushuli with bread and salad (from Georgian cuisine)
A miniature from the 1824 manuscript of Amiran-Darejaniani copied by David Tumanov (H-384, National Center of Manuscripts). (from Culture of Georgia (country))
Prince Ilia Chavchavadze, leader of the Georgian national revival in the 1860s. (from History of Georgia (country))
Lobio (from Georgian cuisine)
Red Army in Tbilisi (from History of Georgia (country))
Kingdom of Lazica. (from History of Georgia (country))
The Baku–Tbilisi–Ceyhan pipeline project (from History of Georgia (country))
Location of Georgia (including Abkhazia and South Ossetia) and the Russian part of North Caucasus. (from History of Georgia (country))
Ceremonial crown of the Georgian high nobility (from History of Georgia (country))
19th century Georgian noble family: General Solomon Makashvili and family around 1900 (from History of Georgia (country))
Kingdom of Diauehi. (from History of Georgia (country))
Nino Ananiashvili (from Culture of Georgia (country))
Details from Pirosmani's paintings Threshing and Fisherman in a Red Shirt on the 5 lari banknote of the 2017 series. (from Niko Pirosmani)
President Zourabichvili (from History of Georgia (country))
King Mirian III established Christianity in Georgia as the official state religion in 324. (from History of Georgia (country))
Patera depicting Marcus Aurelius uncovered in central Georgia, 2nd century AD. (from History of Georgia (country))
A Fisherman by Niko Pirosmani (from Culture of Georgia (country))
The construction of Svetitskhoveli Cathedral in Mtskheta, now a UNESCO World Heritage Site, was initiated in the 1020s by George I. (from History of Georgia (country))
Muraba made from walnut (from Georgian cuisine)
A Tatar Fruiterer, 1910, Georgian National Museum (from Niko Pirosmani)
Kharcho (from Georgian cuisine)
King David the Builder, one of Georgia's greatest kings. (from History of Georgia (country))
Prince Akaki Tsereteli, prominent Georgian poet and national liberation movement figure. (from History of Georgia (country))
Spinach pkhali (from Georgian cuisine)
George III as depicted on a medieval fresco from Vardzia (from History of Georgia (country))
Adjarian khachapuri. (from Georgian cuisine)
King Erekle II (from History of Georgia (country))
A medieval illustration of the Georgian king George IV Lasha waging war against the Mongols in 1220. King George is shown in blue garment on a white horse holding a whip. A depiction from La Flor des estoires de la terre d'Orient by Hayton of Corycus. (from History of Georgia (country))
Niko Pirosmani on a Georgian lari banknote of the 2002 series. (from Niko Pirosmani)
Mikheil Saakashvili with George W. Bush. (from History of Georgia (country))
A page from a 12th-century Gelati Gospel, an example of Georgian illuminated manuscripts from the Middle Ages (from Culture of Georgia (country))
Chakapuli (from Georgian cuisine)
Georgian SSR in 1957–1991, including Abkhazian Autonomous SSR, Adjara ASSR, and South Ossetian Autonomous Oblast. (from History of Georgia (country))
Frescoes from the Svetitskhoveli Cathedral, an example of Georgian medieval art depicting ships and monsters at sea. (from Culture of Georgia (country))
Princess Ekaterine resisted Turkish encroachment in Western Georgia. (from History of Georgia (country))
Georgians in the Russian Empire according to the 1897 censusover 75% Georgian50% – 75% Georgian20% – 50% Georgian10% – 20% Georgian5% – 10% Georgian3% – 5% Georgian(from History of Georgia (country))
Titsian Tabidze, a Georgian poet persecuted by the Soviet authorities (from Culture of Georgia (country))
British troops marching in Batumi, Georgia in 1920. Following World War I, Britain replaced German troops in Georgia (from History of Georgia (country))
Churchkhela (from Georgian cuisine)
Members of the National Council of Georgia, after declaring independence of Georgia, Tbilisi May 26, 1918 (from History of Georgia (country))
Queen Tamar and her father King George III, fresco from Vardzia. (from History of Georgia (country))
Photos of the April 9, 1989 Massacre victims (mostly young women) on billboard in Tbilisi (from History of Georgia (country))
Ajapsandali (from Georgian cuisine)
Eduard Shevardnadze, second President of Georgia (1995–2003) (from History of Georgia (country))
Wall Painting in Georgia's ancient monastery, Shio-Mghvime (from Culture of Georgia (country))
Georgian cuisine collage (from Culture of Georgia (country))
Monastery of Iviron, one of several monastic centers founded abroad by Georgians of the Early Middle Ages. (from History of Georgia (country))
Leaders of Georgian independence movement in late 1980s, Zviad Gamsakhurdia (left) and Merab Kostava (right) (from History of Georgia (country))
Dambalkhacho cheese. (from Georgian cuisine)_wearing_an_ermine_royal_coat.jpg)
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