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Political positions of Pete Hegseth

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Hegseth speaking at a Turning Point USA event, 2018

The 29th United States secretary of defense, Pete Hegseth, has been described as a Christian nationalist.[1][2][3] Alice Herman of The Guardian has described Hegseth as having a "Christian nationalist ideology", and as "someone immersed in a culture of rightwing Christianity, political extremism and violent ideation".[1] Hegseth's views have been described as far-right by The Guardian.[4]

In his book, American Crusade: Our Fight to Stay Free, Hegseth said he believes there are "irreconcilable differences between the Left and the Right in America leading to perpetual conflict that cannot be resolved through the political process". He furthermore called for an "American crusade", which he described as "a holy war for the righteous cause of human freedom". Hegseth characterizes "Americanism" in being opposition to forces like feminism, globalism, Marxism and progressivism and says either "Americanism" will prevail or "death" will. In a May 2024 interview where he talked about education, Hegseth said "Democracy, democracy, defend the democracy. Do you know what our founders did not want us to be? A democracy."[5] Hegseth has explicitly rejected democracy in his book, equating it to a leftist demand; he has also expressed support for election-rigging through gerrymandering to "screw Democrats".[6]

Hegseth predicted that if Democrats won the 2020 election, there would be a "national divorce", that the military and the police "will be forced to make a choice", and that "there will be some form of civil war". He also said that conservatives must "mock, humiliate, intimidate, and crush our leftist opponents" and to "attack first" to deal with a left he equates with "sedition". His book "lays out the strategy we must employ in order to defeat America's internal enemies". Hegseth has described progressives and Democrats as "enemies" of freedom, the U.S. Constitution, and America. Hegseth has said that victory for America includes the end of globalism, socialism, secularism, environmentalism, Islamism, genderism and leftism, the last of which he refers to as a "false religion" and "specter" that views non-believers as "infidels". He has announced his support for American nationalism. Hegseth believes Americans must build a border wall, raise tariffs, learn English and "fight back".[6]

Domestic policy

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COVID-19

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In February 2020, amid the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States, Hegseth said that Democrats were "rooting for coronavirus to spread. They're rooting for it to grow. They're rooting for the problem to get worse."[7] The next month, Hegseth urged healthy people to get the virus to build immunity.[8] In May 2020, during an appearance with Tucker Carlson he defended calling the SARS-CoV-2 the "Wuhan virus, Chinese virus, maybe even the 'Kung Flu.' A little off-color, but funny and you know, we still live in a free country the last time I checked."[9] Hegseth suggested the Omicron variant of COVID-19 was made up by Democrats to help them in the 2022 midterm elections, saying, "Count on a variant about every October, every two years."[10]

Education

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In August 2019, he lamented that "young kids voting" are worried about the adverse effects of climate change. Hegseth also criticized universities for teaching students about "environmentalism and radical environmentalism" rather than a "real threat" such as Islamic extremism.[11]

In June 2022, on a Fox & Friends Weekend segment, Hegseth crossed out Harvard on his diploma, writing in "Critical Theory" and then marking "Return to Sender" across the central body as a protest of Harvard and other such universities. "People will say 'this is just a stunt, you still have a degree' and that's fine. I went, I got the degree, I walked to the classes and all that, but I hope this is a statement that as conservatives and patriots, if we love this country, we can't keep sending our kids and elevating them to universities that are poisoning their mind. I may have survived it, but a lot of kids go there and buy into 'critical theory university,' and that's how we get future leaders, Supreme Court Justices, Senators, others, who see America as an evil place. And Harvard is a factory for that kind of thinking" he said. Hegseth then declared his intention to return the diploma to Harvard.[12]

In 2024, at podcasts with Joshua Haymes, Hegseth criticized public schools for implementing an "egalitarian, dystopian LGBT nightmare". In regards to public schools, he said "The phrase we use in the military is ‘the X’. If you’re standing on the X in an ambush, you’re dead. That means the enemy’s guns are pointed at you. We are all on the X right now, our kids are on the X in government schools." He continues by saying children in school are " accosted and assaulted on a daily basis with evil ideologies that are corrupting their mind, that are corrupting their affections and leaving them incapable of seeking the kind of wisdom that’s required". He proposes an "insurgency" or "guerrilla war" in response, and calls on those who seek to wage an insurgency against public education to emulate Taliban's tactics, saying "Delegitimizing your enemy is a huge part of insurgency, to use the Afghanistan example, that’s what the Taliban did for two decades." He says to delegitimize public education, its opponents could say "these schools fail everybody. No one learns anything in them" and that they are "indoctrination camps. They’re transing your kids". He also supports installing cameras in classrooms.[4]

Immigration and border security

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Hegseth supports strengthening border security by constructing a border wall at the Mexico–United States border.[6]

Health care

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Hegseth supports Social Security reform, including cuts to Medicare and Medicaid. He supports raising the retirement age and reducing benefits for high-income Americans. During his 2012 campaign for US Senate, he stated; "Pete Hegseth is ideologically dedicated to privatizing Social Security."[13]

January 6 Capitol attack

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Hegseth has falsely claimed that the 2020 presidential election was stolen from Donald Trump.[14] As a co-host on Fox and Friends making that statement, he was referred to in the court case Dominion Voting Systems v. Fox News as a person responsible for the slander against the voting machine company.[15] He defended the rioters who attacked the U.S. Capitol on January 6, 2021, calling them patriots who had been "re-awoken to the reality of what the left has done" to the country. He has defended January 6 figure Jacob Chansley in particular. Days after the attack, Hegseth appeared on a podcast hosted by Newt Gingrich, where he downplayed the violence during the attack, and also spread conspiracy theories alleging the attack was instigated by Antifa.[14]

Foreign policy

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Hegseth has been sharply critical of America's NATO allies, writing, "Outdated, outgunned, invaded, and impotent. Why should America, the European 'emergency contact number' for the past century, listen to self-righteous and impotent nations asking us to honor outdated and one-sided defense arrangements they no longer live up to?" and "Maybe if NATO countries actually ponied up for their own defense – but they don't. They just yell about the rules while gutting their militaries and yelling at America for help."[16] In American Crusade, he said "NATO is not an alliance; it’s a defense arrangement for Europe, paid for and underwritten by the United States" and called on it to be "scrapped and remade in order for freedom to be truly defended". He criticized Turkey's membership of NATO, saying Turkish president Recep Tayyip Erdoğan "openly dreams of restoring the Ottoman empire" and is "an Islamist with Islamist visions for the Middle East".[17]

He criticized US funding for the United Nations in American Crusade, calling it "a fully globalist organization that aggressively advances an anti-American, anti-Israel, and anti-freedom agenda. Here’s one set of rules for the United States and Israel, another for everyone else."[17] In 2022, he said the Russian invasion of Ukraine "pales in comparison" to "wokeness" and crime.[18] In March 2022, he called Russian president Vladimir Putin a war criminal.[19] He said: "What's at stake is repelling an authoritarian who basically is saying 'I want the Soviet Union back, I want Ukraine back, I want Kyiv back.'"[20] He has also voiced criticism of US military aid to Ukraine.[16]

Hegseth has called Iran's government an "evil regime". In January 2020, Hegseth expressed strong support for Trump's decision to kill Iranian general Qasem Soleimani.[21][22] He also called on Trump to bomb the Iranian homeland, including cultural sites if they were storing weapons.[23] In May 2020, Hegseth said the "communist Chinese" wanted to "end our civilization".[9] Hegseth later said China was creating a military "specifically dedicated to defeating the United States of America".[16]

Hegseth was a supporter of the Iraq War and expressed his support for the Iraq War troop surge in a 2006 op-ed.[24][25]

Israel

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In a 2016 interview Hegseth referred to Israel as "God's chosen people".[16] Hegseth spoke at the 2018 Arutz Sheva conference in Jerusalem, where he stated "there's no reason why the miracle of the re-establishment of the Temple on the Temple Mount is not possible."[26][27] Speaking at the National Council of Young Israel gala in New York City the same year, he said "Zionism and Americanism are the front lines of Western civilization and freedom in our world today."[28] He opposed the two-state solution and supported Israeli sovereignty over the occupied West Bank.[29] Hegseth has stated that Israel and other international allies can help America defeat its "domestic enemies" which he describes as leftists, progressives, and Democrats.[6] In American Crusade, he compared his support for Israel to the Crusades, saying "We don’t want to fight, but, like our fellow Christians a thousand years ago, we must. We need an American crusade." He also states that "if you love those, learn to love the state of Israel".[17]

During Hegseth's tenure as defense secretary, he called Israel a "model ally for the region" on a phone conversation with Israeli Minister of Defense Israel Katz.[30][31][32]

Muslim world

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In his 2016 memoir, In the Arena, Hegseth wrote that he related to an online image of an Islamic State fighter, saying the soldier is "fighting for something greater than himself. He is fighting for his God" and continuing by saying "I recognize that fighter, even though I’ve never met him. I am drawn to him because I relate to him, I deplore what he stands for, what he does and how he does it. He is a soldier of hate, subjugation and sheer evil. But I understand his passions."[25]

In American Crusade, Hegseth says Islam "is not a religion of peace, and it never has been" and claims "all modern Muslim countries are either formal or de facto no-go zones for practicing Christians and Jews". He said Islam was "almost entirely captured and leveraged by Islamists." He claimed Islamists planned to demographically, culturally and politically "conquer" Europe and America, allying with secularism to crush "our nation's Judeo-Christian institutions". He said Islamists planned to "seed the West with as many Muslims as possible" and "thanks to their very high birth rates relative to native populations and their strategically insular culture – the sons and daughters of those migrants and refugees multiply in greater numbers than do native citizens." He pointed out the elections of Muslim officials in the United Kingdom and the increase of the Muslim population in Europe to say that the United States would follow the same path without an intervention.[33] Hegseth has stated that the end of the US military would allow "Islamists" to "wipe America and Israel off the map".[6] Hegseth has faced allegations of chanting "kill all Muslims" at a work event at a bar.[34] He has voiced support for the Crusades.[35]

Military

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Hegseth has advocated ending diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) efforts in the US military; for example, he has said that the military slogan "our diversity is our strength" is the "dumbest phrase on planet Earth".[36] He has called for removing military leaders who support such programs: "Any general that was involved—general, admiral, whatever—that was involved in any of the DEI, woke shit has got to go."[37] He said he supports firing General Charles Q. Brown Jr., the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff.[38] He has voiced opposition towards renaming U.S. Army installations named for Confederate soldiers.[39]

In his 2024 book, The War on Warriors, Hegseth criticized efforts to counter extremism within the US military,[40] writing that "Rooting out 'extremism,' today's generals push rank-and-file patriots out of their formations".[5] He has characterized DEI and similar initiatives as "discriminatory ideologies that turn off the young, patriotic, Christian men who have traditionally filled our ranks."[41] In the same book, Hegseth called for the US to ignore the Geneva Conventions, arguing they give enemy forces an unfair advantage: "We are just fighting with one hand behind our back – and the enemy knows it ... If our warriors are forced to follow rules arbitrarily and asked to sacrifice more lives so that international tribunals feel better about themselves, aren't we just better off winning our wars according to our own rules?!"[17]

Hegseth has drawn parallels between military leadership and biblical figures, particularly citing the story of Gideon, who led a small force to victory. He wrote that "When we maintain our covenant, we are Gideon," emphasizing the importance of divine support in military success.[41]

Climate change and the environment

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According to Politico, Hegseth has "a long history distorting and denying climate research" and has described climate change policy as a "vast left-wing conspiracy to impose government controls on American society".[42]

Social issues

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Abortion

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Hegseth is opposed to abortion in the United States. During his 2012 campaign for the US Senate, he promised to "vote to support families, uphold traditional marriage, and defend the rights of the unborn".[43]

LGBTQ rights

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When Hegseth was the publisher of The Princeton Tory in 2002, he and the publication's editors published editorials that said gay people were abnormal and should not have the right to marry.[44][45][46]

Hegseth has since criticized policies allowing gay people to serve in the U.S. military. He has said that both the "don't ask, don't tell" policy and its 2011 repeal were gateways to broader cultural changes that undermined military cohesion. In 2015, he described such policies as "social engineering" that would "erode standards." In June 2024, Hegseth criticized a military ad featuring a soldier with two lesbian mothers as part of a "Marxist" agenda prioritizing social justice over combat readiness. In his 2024 book The War on Warriors, he wrote that he accepted LGBTQ service members early in his National Guard service, believing that because "America was at war...we needed everybody," but later came to see this as naive, stating that "our good faith was used against us." When questioned in December 2024, Hegseth told CNN he did not oppose the DADT repeal, calling citations of his writings and comments "false reporting."[47][48]

In a podcast with Hugh Hewitt, Hegseth said that the recruitment challenges of the United States Armed Forces were caused by advertising that featured diverse service members: "There are not enough lesbians in San Francisco, Hugh, to man the 82nd Airborne".[49]

Hegseth opposes transgender troops in the military.[33] In a podcast with Jay Cutler and Sam Mackey, Hegseth said that transgender soldiers are "not deployable" because they are "reliant on chemicals".[50] Hegseth argued that "being transgendered in the military causes complications and differences".[51]

Same-sex marriage

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Hegseth has opposed same-sex marriage in the United States. During his 2012 campaign for the US Senate, he promised to "vote to support families, uphold traditional marriage, and defend the rights of the unborn".[43]

Women's rights

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Regarding women serving on the front lines, Hegseth has said, "I'm straight up just saying we should not have women in combat roles. It hasn't made us more effective. Hasn’t made us more lethal. Has made fighting more complicated."[52][49] Hegseth argued that men are more capable in combat roles because of biological factors and said "[e]verything about men and women serving together makes the situation more complicated, and complication in combat means casualties are worse".[50][51] According to an affidavit from his former sister-in-law, Danielle Hegseth, Pete Hegseth allegedly once said women should not have the right to vote or work.[53]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Herman, Alice (November 15, 2024). "Pete Hegseth, Trump's Pentagon pick, sparks alarm over far-right extremism". The Guardian.
  2. ^ Kilgore, Ed (December 6, 2024). "Pete Hegseth's Christian Nationalism Is Fair Game for Confirmation Hearings". New York Intelligencer. Archived from the original on December 23, 2024. Retrieved January 20, 2025.
  3. ^ Adams, Liam (January 13, 2025). "Why Pete Hegseth nomination is a milestone for the rightwing Christian movement he follows". USA Today. Archived from the original on January 17, 2025. Retrieved January 20, 2025.
  4. ^ a b Wilson, Jason (January 24, 2025). "Revealed: Trump Pentagon nominee endorsed extremist Christian doctrine on podcast". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved January 25, 2025.
  5. ^ a b Herman, Alice (November 15, 2024). "Pete Hegseth, Trump's Pentagon pick, sparks alarm over far-right extremism". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 15, 2024.
  6. ^ a b c d e Wilson, Jason (November 22, 2024). "Trump's Pentagon pick Hegseth wrote of US military taking sides in 'civil war'". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 23, 2024.
  7. ^ Grynbaum, Michael M.; Abrams, Rachel (March 2, 2020). "Right-Wing Media Says Virus Fears Were Whipped Up to Hurt Trump". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on December 16, 2020. Retrieved March 9, 2020.
  8. ^ Sheth, Sonam; Relman, Eliza (March 7, 2020). "Fox News host Pete Hegseth urges healthy people to 'have some courage' and get 'out there' to help build herd immunity while broadcasting from inside his house". Business Insider. Archived from the original on November 25, 2024. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
  9. ^ a b Baragona, Justin (May 22, 2020). "Tucker Carlson and Pete Hegseth Try to Bring 'Kung Flu' Back". The Daily Beast. Retrieved March 31, 2021.
  10. ^ Cillizza, Chris (November 29, 2021). "Have you heard the new Republican conspiracy theory about the Omicron variant?". CNN. Archived from the original on November 30, 2021. Retrieved December 1, 2021.
  11. ^ Lemon, Jason (August 13, 2019). "Fox News host expresses frustration that young Americans believe in climate change". Newsweek. Archived from the original on September 26, 2019. Retrieved September 26, 2019.
  12. ^ Sabes, Adam (June 18, 2022). "Pete Hegseth Vows to Send Back Harvard University Degree, writes 'Return To Sender' on diploma". Fox News. Archived from the original on November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  13. ^ Zdechlik, Mark (May 16, 2012). "Hegseth seeks Medicare, Social Security overhauls". mprnews.org. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  14. ^ a b Kaczynski, Andrew (December 17, 2024). "KFile: Pete Hegseth spread baseless conspiracy theories that January 6 attack was carried out by leftist groups". CNN. Retrieved December 18, 2024.
  15. ^ US Dominion, Inc. v. Fox News Network, LLC, 293 A. 3d 1002 - Del: Superior Court 2023, Line 389 of the document
  16. ^ a b c d "Who is Pete Hegseth, the pro-Israel Fox News host picked to head Pentagon?". Al Jazeera. November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 14, 2024.
  17. ^ a b c d Wilson, Jason (November 25, 2024). "Trump Pentagon pick attacks UN and Nato and urges US to ignore Geneva conventions". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 30, 2024.
  18. ^ Howard, Andrew; Gibson, Brittany (November 13, 2024). "From women in combat to Trump's border wall, here are the policies Pete Hegseth has spoken out on". Politico. Archived from the original on November 19, 2024. Retrieved November 15, 2024.
  19. ^ "Trump's Pentagon pick criticized US involvement in Ukraine, said Putin probably wouldn't go 'much further' if he wins". Business Insider. November 13, 2024. Archived from the original on November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  20. ^ "'Putin's Give-Me-My-S***-Back War': Trump Defense Secretary Appointee on Russia's Invasion of Ukraine". Kyiv Post. November 13, 2024.
  21. ^ Steinhauer, Jennifer (January 6, 2020). "Fox Host's 'America First' Shift Makes an Exception for Trump's Iran Strike". The New York Times. Archived from the original on November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  22. ^ Bittle, Jake (January 31, 2020). "Trump's War Whisperer". The New Republic. Archived from the original on August 14, 2023. Retrieved August 14, 2023.
  23. ^ Relman, Eliza (January 8, 2020). "The Fox host with Trump's ear on military issues urges him to bomb Iranian cultural sites and 'rewrite the rules' of war to be 'advantageous to us'". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 11, 2020. Retrieved January 11, 2020.
  24. ^ Hegseth, Pete (October 3, 2006). "More Troops, please". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on December 8, 2024. Retrieved December 7, 2024.
  25. ^ a b Craven, Jasper (December 6, 2024). "Pete Hegseth's Crusade to Turn the Military Into a Christian Weapon". Politico. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 7, 2024.
  26. ^ Trump's next Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth at the 2018 Arutz Sheva conference in Jerusalem (Video). Israel National News. November 13, 2024. 9 minutes in. Archived from the original on November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024 – via YouTube.
  27. ^ Magid, Jacob (November 14, 2024). "Trump's nominee for Pentagon chief suggested new temple could be built on Temple Mount". The Times of Israel. Archived from the original on December 4, 2024. Retrieved December 2, 2024.
  28. ^ "Trump taps Pete Hegseth for defense secretary". Cleveland Jewish News. Jewish News Syndicate. November 13, 2024. Archived from the original on November 14, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  29. ^ "All the Settlers' Men". Slate. November 15, 2024. Archived from the original on November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  30. ^ Ullyot, John (January 29, 2025). "Readout of Secretary of Defense Pete Hegseth's Call With Israel Minister of Defense Israel Katz". United States Department of Defense. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
  31. ^ Fabian, Emanuel (January 29, 2025). "Defense Minister Katz speaks with new American counterpart Pete Hegseth". The Times of Israel. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
  32. ^ "Pentagon chief tells Israel that US supports its 'right to defend itself'". The Jerusalem Post. January 29, 2025. Retrieved January 29, 2025.
  33. ^ a b Ryan, Missy; Hill, Evan (November 14, 2024). "Trump Pentagon pick dismissed military diversity drive, demonized Islam". The Washington Post. Retrieved November 15, 2024.
  34. ^ Demirjian, Karoun (January 14, 2025). "Hegseth Won't Say Whether Sexual Assault, Drinking or Adultery Is Disqualifying". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 15, 2025.
  35. ^ Baker, Mike; Graham, Ruth (December 5, 2024). "Pete Hegseth and His 'Battle Cry' for a New Christian Crusade". The New York Times. Archived from the original on December 5, 2024.
  36. ^ Bond, Shannon; Bowman, Tom; Yousef, Odette; Lawrence, Quil (November 15, 2024). "What's behind defense secretary pick Hegseth's war on 'woke'". NPR. Archived from the original on November 16, 2024. Retrieved November 16, 2024.
  37. ^ Kirell, Andrew; Ortiz, Erik (November 13, 2024). "Trump's pick for defense secretary doesn't want women serving in combat". NBC News. Archived from the original on November 13, 2024. Retrieved November 13, 2024.
  38. ^ Ryan, Missy (November 13, 2024). "Top general faces brewing storm after Trump's Pentagon pick". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
  39. ^ Kaczynski, Andrew (January 13, 2025). "Defense pick Pete Hegseth repeatedly criticized removing names of Confederate generals from US bases". CNN. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  40. ^ Doxsee, Catrina; Macander, Michelle (April 8, 2022). "Assessing the Pentagon's Progress on Countering Extremism in the Military". CSIS. Archived from the original on December 22, 2024. Retrieved December 11, 2024.
  41. ^ a b Craven, Jasper (December 6, 2024). "Pete Hegseth's Crusade to Turn the Military Into a Christian Weapon". Politico. Archived from the original on December 7, 2024. Retrieved December 7, 2024.
  42. ^ Skibell, Arianna (November 14, 2024). "Where Gaetz and Hegseth stand on climate change". Politico. Retrieved January 28, 2025.
  43. ^ a b Wolf, J.D. (January 15, 2025). "Pete Hegseth Campaigned to "Uphold Traditional Marriage" During 2012 Senate Run". MeidasTouch. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  44. ^ Hunter Walker (November 13, 2024). "Trump's Pick For Defense Sec Spent His College Years Crusading Against 'Glorification of Diversity' And 'The Homosexual Lifestyle'". Talking Points Memo. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  45. ^ Marc Fisher (November 13, 2024). "Pete Hegseth's path from campus provocateur to Fox to the Pentagon". The New Yorker. Archived from the original on November 28, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  46. ^ Molly Sprayregen (November 24, 2024). "Trump nominee railed against the "dangerous… homosexual lifestyle" in college paper". LGBTQ Nation. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  47. ^ "Hegseth criticized policies allowing gay people to serve openly in the US military". CNN. December 12, 2024. Retrieved December 12, 2024.
  48. ^ Kaczynski, Andrew; Steck, Em (December 12, 2024). "Pete Hegseth, Trump's Defense pick, says allowing gay troops to serve openly reflects a Marxist agenda". CNN. Archived from the original on December 12, 2024. Retrieved December 12, 2024.
  49. ^ a b Helene Cooper (November 13, 2024). "What to Know About Pete Hegseth, Trump's Pick for Defense Secretary". The New York Times. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  50. ^ a b Peter Charalambous (November 14, 2024). "Pete Hegseth's plan to overhaul America's military: 'You need to fire a ton of generals'". ABC News. Archived from the original on November 30, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  51. ^ a b Christopher Wiggins (November 14, 2024). "Who Is Pete Hegseth, the Fox News host who doesn't wash his hands that Trump nominated for Defense Secretary?". The Advocate. Archived from the original on November 27, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  52. ^ Lolita C. Baldor (November 19, 2024). "Should women be allowed to fight on the front lines? Trump's defense pick reignites the debate". The Associated Press. Archived from the original on November 29, 2024. Retrieved November 29, 2024.
  53. ^ Wise, Lindsay; Gillum, Jack (January 21, 2025). "Hegseth Routinely Passed Out From Alcohol Abuse, Witness Says". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved January 25, 2025.
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