Paul Rand Dixon

Paul Rand Dixon
Paul Rand Dixon
Commissioner of the Federal Trade Commission
	In office; March 21, 1961 – September 25, 1981
President	John F. Kennedy; Lyndon B. Johnson; Richard Nixon; Gerald Ford; Jimmy Carter; Ronald Reagan
Personal details
Born	September 29, 1913; Nashville, Tennessee, United States
Died	May 2, 1996 (aged 82)
Political party	Democratic
Alma mater	Vanderbilt University (B.A.) ; University of Florida (J.D.)
Occupation	Attorney

Paul Rand Dixon (September 29, 1913 – May 2, 1996)^[1] was an American attorney and decorated World War II veteran. Dixon was a member of the Federal Trade Commission (FTC), serving on the body from 1961 to 1981.^[2] Additionally, he served as the agency's chair from 1961 to 1969 and again briefly in 1976.^[3]^[4]

Early life and education

Dixon was born September 29, 1913, in Nashville, Tennessee, to James and Sarah Dixon.^[5] He received his bachelor's degree from Vanderbilt University and his Juris Doctor from the University of Florida.^[6]

Career

Dixon was a member of the FTC's staff from 1930 to 1957, except for his three years of service in the U.S. Navy from 1942 to 1945. While in the Navy, Dixon would reach the rank of lieutenant commander. Between 1957 and 1961, Dixon served as counsel and staff director for the U.S. Senate Antitrust and Monopoly Subcommittee, where he worked with Senator Estes Kefauver (D-TN).^[7]

Tobacco regulation

As FTC Chair, Dixon notably led the successful fight in 1965 to mandate cigarette companies to include health warnings on their products.^[8] The push began following a report by the Surgeon General on the carcinogenic qualities of tobacco, which led Dixon himself to stop smoking.^[9]

Reputation

During his time as an FTC Commissioner, Dixon developed a reputation as a "colorful and often controversial member" with "almost legendary wit and candor". In 1978, he was praised at a reception for his longtime service to the agency by then-FTC Chair Michael Pertschuk, who said:^[10]

"Paul Band [sic] Dixon can follow a trial of greed and abuse of market power by instinct to its source, and his heart and vote are consistently with the consummer [sic]"

Personal life

Dixon was a Methodist, and attended the Metropolitan Memorial United Methodist Church in Washington, D.C. Dixon died on May 2, 1996, at the age of 82, having outlived his wife, Doris Evelyn (née Busby). Dixon was survived by his two sons, Paul Jr. and David.^[5]

Legacy

In 2014 a famous dictum of his, from a ruling in a multi-level marketing (MLM) pyramid scheme case, "an intolerable potential to deceive," was newly immortalized in the title of a book, Downline... an intolerable potential to deceive, by E. Robert Smith.^[11] The FTC has awarded the "Paul Rand Dixon Award" in his honor to individuals within the agency who have displayed strong character and commitment to antitrust enforcement.^[12]

References

^ "Paul Rand Dixon Personal Papers | JFK Library".
^ Commissioners and Chairmen of the Federal Trade Commission March 2013
^ Paul Rand(all) Dixon, 1913-1996 - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum
^ The Old Lady's New Look - TIME
^ ^a ^b "Obituary for Paul Rand Dixon (Aged 82)". The Tennessean. May 7, 1996. p. 27. Retrieved September 12, 2021.
^ Federal Trade Commission: Oral Histories
^ Paul Rand(all) Dixon, 1913-1996 - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum
^ Shanahan, Eileen (March 30, 1965). "F.T.C. TO REQUIRE CIGARETTE LABEL; Agency Head Cites Power to Order Health Warning". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 12, 2021.
^ kadlerabramson (July 20, 2015). "Newly Opened Collection: Paul Rand Dixon Personal Papers – ARCHIVALLY SPEAKING: An Inside Look at the JFK Library Archives". Retrieved September 12, 2021.
^ "FTC Salutes Paul Dixon's 40 Years Of Service". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved September 12, 2021.
^ Author's website for the book.
^ "Chairman Announces Appointments and Promotions". Federal Trade Commission. April 16, 2007. Retrieved September 12, 2021.

External links

[1] "Paul Rand Dixon Personal Papers | JFK Library".

[2] Commissioners and Chairmen of the Federal Trade Commission March 2013

[3] Paul Rand(all) Dixon, 1913-1996 - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum

[4] The Old Lady's New Look - TIME

[:0-5] "Obituary for Paul Rand Dixon (Aged 82)". The Tennessean. May 7, 1996. p. 27. Retrieved September 12, 2021.

[6] Federal Trade Commission: Oral Histories

[7] Paul Rand(all) Dixon, 1913-1996 - John F. Kennedy Presidential Library & Museum

[8] Shanahan, Eileen (March 30, 1965). "F.T.C. TO REQUIRE CIGARETTE LABEL; Agency Head Cites Power to Order Health Warning". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved September 12, 2021.

[9] rabramson (July 20, 2015). "Newly Opened Collection: Paul Rand Dixon Personal Papers – ARCHIVALLY SPEAKING: An Inside Look at the JFK Library Archives". Retrieved September 12, 2021.

[10] "FTC Salutes Paul Dixon's 40 Years Of Service". Washington Post. ISSN 0190-8286. Retrieved September 12, 2021.

[11] Author's website for the book.

[12] "Chairman Announces Appointments and Promotions". Federal Trade Commission. April 16, 2007. Retrieved September 12, 2021.

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Authority control databases
International	ISNI VIAF FAST WorldCat
National	United States
Other	NARA SNAC

v t e Chairs of the Federal Trade Commission
Member-selected (1915–1950)	Joseph E. Davies (1915–1916) • Edward N. Hurley (1916–1917) • William J. Harris (1917–1918) • William Byron Colver (1918–1919) • John Franklin Fort (1919) • Victor Murdock (1919–1920) • Samuel Huston Thompson (1920–1921) • Nelson B. Gaskill (1921–1922) • Victor Murdock (1922–1923) • Samuel Huston Thompson (1923–1924) • Vernon W. Van Fleet (1924–1925) • John F. Nugent (1925–1926) • Charles W. Hunt (1926–1927) • William E. Humphrey (1927–1928) • Abram F. Myers (1928–1929) • Edgar A. McCulloch (1929) • Garland Ferguson Jr. (1930) • Charles W. Hunt (1931) • William E. Humphrey (1932) • Charles H. March (1933) • Garland Ferguson Jr. (1934) • Ewin L. Davis (1935) • Charles H. March (1936) • William Augustus Ayres (1937) • Garland Ferguson Jr. (1938) • Robert E. Freer (1939) • Ewin L. Davis (1940) • Charles H. March (1941) • William Augustus Ayres (1942) • Garland Ferguson Jr. (1943) • Robert E. Freer (1944) • Ewin L. Davis (1945) • William Augustus Ayres (1946) • Garland Ferguson Jr. (1947) • Robert E. Freer (1948) • Lowell B. Mason (1949–1950)
Presidential appointments (1950–present) Acting chairs italicized	James M. Mead (1950–1953) • Edward F. Howrey (1953–1955) • John W. Gwynne (1955–1959) • Earl W. Kintner (1959–1961) • Paul Rand Dixon (1961–1969) • Caspar Weinberger (1970–1970) • Everette MacIntyre (1970–1973) • Lewis A. Engman (1973–1975) • Paul Rand Dixon (1976) • Calvin J. Collier (1976–1977) • Michael Pertschuk (1977–1981) • David A. Clanton (1981) • James C. Miller III (1981–1985) • Terry Calvani (1985–1986) • Daniel Oliver (1986–1989) • Janet Dempsey Steiger (1989–1995) • Robert Pitofsky (1995–2001) • Timothy Muris (2001–2004) • Deborah Platt Majoras (2004–2008) • William Kovacic (2008–2009) • Jon Leibowitz (2009–2013) • Edith Ramirez (2013–2017) • Maureen Ohlhausen (2017–2018) • Joseph Simons (2018–2021) • Rebecca Slaughter (2021) • Lina Khan (2021–present)