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List of equipment of the Vietnam People's Navy

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Since the Vietnam War, most of Vietnamese vessels were supplied by the Soviet Union and presently by Russia, while hundreds more were integrated into the navy after it was left over from South Vietnam although many have been decommissioned due to lack of parts. However, due to rising tensions in the South China Sea, many nearby nations such as Japan have shown support in developing Vietnam's Navy and Coast Guard.[1]

The Vietnam People's Navy is the branch of the Vietnam People's Army with the fastest modernization as the Vietnamese government put it as a main priority, with constant improvement to its weapons, munitions and combat capability.

Surface Vessel

[edit]

Frigate

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
Gepard 3.9

(Project 11661E)

Guided-missile frigate Đinh Tiên Hoàng (011)
Lý Thái Tổ (012)
Trần Hưng Đạo (015)
Quang Trung (016) 		4[2](+2)  Russia 015 and 016 are equipped with anti-submarine capability while 011 and 012 are not. Two more frigates are planned, but the contract may have failed due to the Russo-Ukrainian war.[3] Overhauled at Factory X52.

Hanger had to be reconstructed to further protect helicopters from the elements. Efforts made to be able to domestically produce AK-176 naval gun and AK-630 CIWS.

Maximum 2,500 tons.

Petya-II/-III

(Project 159A/AE)

Anti-submarine frigate 09
11
13
15
17 		5[4]  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Heavily modernized with rebuilt stealthy superstructure and new combat suites. Electrical and mechanical systems were upgraded with modern and easily available components. Communication, radar, electronic, sensor, and bridge systems were upgraded.[5][6]

Three ASW frigate while two converted to gunboats.

Maximum 1,150 tons.

Corvette

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
INS Kirpan (P44) entering Cam Ranh International Port, Vietnam Khukri Guided-missile corvette[7] 26 1[8]  India Transferred from India.[9]

Maximum 1,291 tons.

Pohang

(Batch III)

Anti-submarine corvette 18
20 		2[10](+1)  South Korea ASW corvettes transferred from South Korea.[11] Has been extensively overhauled domestically.

Installed domestically produced KT-184 quad-launchers. The launcher is made to launch the Kh-35 Uran missile. May have been removed according to recent info.

Maximum 1,220 tons.

Molniya

(Project 1241.8)

Guided-missile corvette[12] 375
376
377
378
379
380
382
383 		8[13](+4)  Russia
 Vietnam 		6 built locally in Ba Son Shipyard under license. Vietnam is looking to build another 4 Molniya corvettes to complete phase two of this project, but contract may have failed due to the Russo-Ukrainian war.

Maximum 563 tons.

Tarantul-I

(Project 1241.RE)

Guided-missile corvette 371
372
373
374 		4[14][15]  Russia Maximum 549 ton.
BPS-500 Guided-missile corvette 381 1  Vietnam Maximum 520 ton.

Torpedo / Missile / Fast Attack / Gun / Patrol Boat

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
TT-400TP gunboat TT-400TP Patrol boat / Gunboat 272
273
274
275
276
277 		6  Vietnam Maximum 455 tons.
Svetlyak

(Project 10412)

Patrol boat / Gunboat 261
263
264
265
266
267 		6  Russia Maximum 375 tons.
TP-01 Patrol boat / Gunboat 251
253 		2  Vietnam Maximum 250 tons.
Turya

(Project 206M)

Torpedo boat / fast attack craft 331
332
333
334
335 		5  Soviet Union Maximum 250 tons.
Project 205-ER missile boat Osa

(Project 205U)

Missile boat / fast attack craft 354
355
356
357
358
359
360
361 		8  Soviet Union Maximum 235 tons.
Shershen-class

(Project 206)

Torpedo boat / fast attack craft 306
307
311
312 		4  Soviet Union Maximum 172 tons.
K-62 Shanghai class Patrol boat / Gunboat 201
202
206
211 		4  China Maximum 100 tons.

Minesweeper

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
Yurka

(Project 266)

Minesweeper 851
852 		2  Soviet Union Maximum 540 tons.
Sonya

(Project 1265)

Minesweeper 861
862
863
864 		4  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Heavily overhauled at X-51 Shipyard, practically rebuilt. Electronics and sonar with new systems.

Maximum 450 tons.

Yevgenya

(Project 1258)

Minesweeper 2  Soviet Union Maximum 96 tons.

Amphibious Warfare Ship

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
LST-938 Tank landing ship 501
503 		2  United States The former USS Maricopa County (LST-938) and USS Coconino County (LST-603) which was captured during the Vietnam War. Overhauled at Factory X51.

Maximum 4,145 tons.

Damen Roro 5612 Roll-on/roll-off & Logistic-support landing ship 526
527
528
529 		4  Netherlands Vietnam Domestically manufactured. 3 ships were produced by Song Thu shipyard for the Venezuelan government but were not delivered due to payment problems. The ships were repurchased from Venezuela's order. Another ship was ordered and transferred to the Vietnamese Navy.[16]

Maximum 1,480 tons.

Hùng Vương Roll-on/roll-off & Logistic-support landing ship 521
522
51-11-68 		2  Vietnam Ship 51-11-75 is given to the Department of Logistics.

Maximum 1,410 tons.[17]

The Libyan Polnochny class landing ship Polnocny-B

(Project 771)

Tank landing ship 511
512
513 		3  Poland Maximum 834 tons.
LCU 1466 Landing craft 551
552
553
554
555
556 		6  United States Captured during the Vietnam War.

Maximum ~359-392 tons.

LCM-8 Landing craft 466
467
470
471 		4-6  United States Captured during the Vietnam War.

Unclear how many there are, but the known number is 466, 467, 470, 471.

Maximum 113.2 tons.

Transport / Logistics Support / Search-and-Rescue Ship

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
K-122 Transport / Logistics Support Ship Trường Sa (571) 1  Vietnam
K-123 Logistics support / Hospital Ship Khánh Hòa - 01 (561) 1  Vietnam
Trường Sa Transport / Logistics Support Ship Trường Sa 01
Trường Sa 02
Trường Sa 03
Trường Sa 04
Trường Sa 08
Trường Sa 14
Trường Sa 19
Trường Sa 20
Trường Sa 21
Trường Sa 22 		10  Vietnam Maximum 350 tons.
996 Transport / Logistics Support Ship 996 1  Vietnam
Search-and-Rescue Ship
Damen RGS 9316

FET 10-meter Submarine Rescue Vehicle[18]

Perry® XLX-C Remotely Operated Vehicle[19][20]

Small-size speed boat

Submarine rescue ship

Deep-submergence rescue vehicle

Remotely operated underwater vehicle

Speed boat

Yết Kiêu (927)[21] 1 (+1)
1 (+1)
1 (+1)
2 (+2) 		 Netherlands
 Vietnam

 United Kingdom

 United Kingdom

 Netherlands
 Vietnam

Equipped with Deep-submergence rescue vehicle,[22] Remotely operated under water vehicle, and 2 small-size speed boats. Has a decompression chamber and enhanced on-board medical facilities.

Two more similar ships were designed by Damen built by Z189 Shipyard, MV Stoker and MV Besant. These ships are slightly smaller and lighter.

Maximum 3,950 tons.

HSV-6613 Ocean surveillance Trần Đại Nghĩa (888) 1  Netherlands
 Vietnam 		Designed by Damen and constructed by Song Thu Corporation.

Maximum 1,550 tons.

FC-624 Fast-react search-and-rescue & Patrol vessel 924 1  Vietnam Equipped with a speed boat and helipad as its notable features. Locally manufactured by X51 Shipyard.[23]

700 tons.

Training Vessel

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
Training Vessel Lê Quý Đôn (286) 1  Poland

Non-surface Vessel

[edit]

Submarine

[edit]
Image Model Type Ship Quantity Origin Notes
Kilo

(Project 636.1)

Attack submarine Hà Nội (182)
Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh (183)
Hải Phòng (184)
Khánh Hoà (185)
Đà Nẵng (186)
Bà Rịa-Vũng Tàu (187) 		6[24]  Russia Commissioned 2014–2017. Equipped with Kalibr / Club-S missiles.[24]

Maximum 2,350 tons.

Yugo Midget submarine 3 North Korea North Korea

 Vietnam

Used as training vessels. Apart of the 196th Regiment of the Vietnam People's Navy. Domestically overhauled.

The 196th Regiment introduced a third domestically produce midget submarine, known as TN-75. Specification is unknown but likely a reversed engineered variant of the Yugo class submarine. Designed by Naval Technical Institute and built by Factory X51.[25]

~90-110 tons for Yugo class submarine.

~75 tons for TN-75 submarine.

MiniU Pluto Plus Unmanned Underwater Vehicle  Italy Often deployed from Sonya-class minesweeper. Used to better effectiveness of minesweeping and training.
Unmanned Underwater Vehicle  Vietnam Being tested. Currently serves as target practice, sonar decoy, sonar training, and potential underwater surveillance.

Aircraft

[edit]

Maritime Patrol Aircraft

[edit]
Image Model Type Variants Quantity Origin Notes
DHC-6 Twin Otter Patrol aircraft DHC-6-400 MPA 6[26]  Canada 3 used as Maritime patrol aircraft and three used as transports.

Helicopter

[edit]
Image Model Type Variants Quantity Origin Notes
Eurocopter Super Puma (H225M) Patrol helicopter 2[26]  France Operating with Vietnamese Helicopters.
Kamov Ka-27 ASW Helicopter Ka-28 8  Soviet Union
 Ukraine 		Serve in frigates and patrol vessels around Spratly Islands.

8 Ka-28 for Anti-submarine. Serve in frigates and patrol vessels around Spratly Islands.

All Ka-28 helicopters received major overhaul from Ukraine in Crimea in 2014. Chassis was replaced, older electronics were swapped for newer versions, LCD screens were implemented, included software to be capable of operating newer weapon systems, etc.[27]

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
IAI Heron MALE UAV 3[28]  Israel
Small UVA
Insitu ScanEagle Reconnaissance 6[29][30]  United States
Orbiter 2 Reconnaissance  Israel Acquired from Israel.[31]
Orbiter 3 Reconnaissance VT-Swift  Israel

 Vietnam

The VT-Swift is a license produced variant of the Orbiter 3 from Israel.
VT-Patrol Reconnaissance VT-Pigeon
VUA-SC-3G 		 Vietnam Specs of VT-Patrol:
  • Range: 50 km
  • Speed: 100 - 150 km/h
Specs of VT-Pigeon:
  • Wingspan: 3.25 m
  • Length: 2.25 m
  • Range: 50 - 200 km
  • Endurance: 210 minutes
  • Speed: 80 - 130 km/h
  • Operational altitude (above sea level): 1 km
  • Max altitude (above sea level): 3 km
  • Max take-off weight: 26 kg
  • Take-off method: Runways, catapults
  • Landing method: Runway, net collection
  • Engine type: Gasoline engine
Extreme similarity to the VT-Pigeon. Developed in collaboration with the People's Army of Vietnam and Viettel. Been in service with Army since 2018.[32]

Radar System

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
2D Radar
VRS-MCX 2D X-band Mobile Coastal Surveillance Radar 15  Vietnam Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system, but serves as an addition rather than being deployed with the system.

Based on KAMAZ-6560 8×8 truck chassis. Has range of 180 km. Used for tracking naval and low ariel targets. Designed to precisely locate and predict future moments. Cooperates well with other systems due to standard data link. Produced and developed by Viettel.

Coastal Radar
VRS-CSX X-Band Medium-Range Coastal Surveillance Radar  Vietnam Detect targets at sea and those flying at a low altitude. Produced and developed by Viettel.[33]
Coast Watcher 100  France
SCORE-3000  France

Munition

[edit]

Anti-ship Missile (AShM)

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
Kh-35 Uran Anti-ship missile Kh-35UE
Kh-35EMV 		103[14]  Russia
VSM-01A (VCM-01M) 'Red River' of VCS-01 (VCM-B) 'Annamite Range' at VDE2024 VSM-01A Anti-ship missile  Vietnam ~80–130 km range.

Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system.

Missile can be launched from coastal defense complex. The complex includes launcher, radar, command & control center, etc.

Reverse engineered variant of the Kh-35U. Launched from the VCM-B coastal defense missile system. Domestically manufactured by Viettel Aerospace (VTX).[34][35]

The homing seeker, VASK-03, utilizes Ku-band frequency, slotted-array tech, seeking range of 20 km, ECM abilities, and software can be updated.

Missile is less than 5,000 mm in length, body diameter of 315 mm, and weighs under 600 kg.[36]

Will be replacing the Termit/4k51 Rubezh.

3M-14/54 Club-S Anti-ship missile 3M-54E/E1
3M-14E
91RE1/RE2 [1] 		50  Russia Equipped in Kilo submarines. 50 on order.[37]
P-5 Pyatyorka Cruise missile SS-N-3 Shaddock
P-28
P-28M 		 Soviet Union Equipping 4K44 Redut missile systems.
P-15 Termit Anti-ship missile P-15
P-20
SS-N-2 Styx 		20[14]  Soviet Union Equipped in Tarantul class ships. Some have been replaced by Kh-35.
P-800 Oniks Anti-ship missile P-800 Yakhont 40  Russia Used with the K-300P Bastion-P coastal missile systems. Two K-300P Bastion-P systems in active.

Torpedo

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
VA-111 Shkval Torpedo  Russia Equipped with Kilo-class submarine.
Type 53 torpedo Torpedo  Russia Equipped with Kilo-class submarine.
[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
KMP Naval Mine  Soviet Union
 Vietnam
UDM Naval Mine  Soviet Union

Personal Equipment

[edit]

Combat Helmet / Helmet Accessories

[edit]
Image Name Type Variant Origin Notes
Modular Integrated Communications Helmet Combat Helmet  United States

 Vietnam

Vietnamese copy. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, police, and infantry soldiers. Manufactured locally at Factory Z176.[38]
District governor visits a local school 130415-M-BO337-031 Type High Cut Helmet Combat Helmet  United States

 Vietnam

Vietnamese copy. Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, police, and future infantry soldiers. Manufactured locally at Factory Z176.[39]
PASGT Helmet Combat Helmet  United States

 Vietnam

Limited use with Special Forces, Border Guards, and the Navy. They are gradually replacing older helmets in all branches of the Army. Most helmets are a Vietnamese-made version of the PASGT Helmet. Earlier models were imported from Israel.[40][41]
Type A2 Helmet Combat helmet  Vietnam The PAVN's standard issue bump shell is a hard plastic replica of the PASGT helmets. It is used for training exercises and combat drill.
Vietnamese Pith Helmet Helmet  Vietnam Traditional standard issue hard hat, used as the army's utility and barracks cover. Commonly worn by enlisted members with their dress uniforms and during light training.
Utility Cover Kepi  Vietnam Standard issue soft cover, consisting of a four-point front panel and an elastic backstrap. The cap's camouflage print is worn matching with field fatigues during patrols.
SSh-68 Combat Helmet  Soviet Union Limited use.
SSh-40 Combat Helmet  Soviet Union Limited use.
M1 Helmet Combat Helmet  United States Limited use.
OD2M is slightly to the right, while the OD1M is slightly to the left OD2M Night Vision Monocular Night-vision device Vietnam

Vietnam

Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces.[42]
MV5 Gas Mask Vietnam

Vietnam

Body Armor

[edit]
Image Name Type Variant Origin Notes
AG K51T Body Armour Body armor Vietnam

Vietnam

Been introduced in International Army Game's exhibition.[43]
AG K53T Body Armour Body armor Vietnam

Vietnam

Been introduced in International Army Game's exhibition.[43]
7.62 K56 Body Armour Body armor Vietnam

Vietnam

Been introduced in International Army Game's exhibition.[43]
AG17 Body armor Vietnam

Vietnam

Body Armour Body armor Vietnam

Vietnam

Limited use. NIJ level III.[44]
Body Armour Body armor Vietnam

Vietnam

Modern battle uniform for standard Vietnamese infantry. It will be standard issue in the future. Manufactured at the Z176 factory.[45]
Combat Leather Pads Knee Pads & Elbow Pads Vietnam

Vietnam

Standard Issued along with the new K20 military uniform.[46]
Marom Dolphin Fusion System Body armor Israel

Israel

Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces.[47]
Flak jacket Body armor United States

United States

Limited use by some infantry and anti-riot units

Camouflage Patterns

[edit]
Image Name Type Variant Origin Notes
K07 Navy Camouflage Pattern  Vietnam Former standard camo. A variant of the K07 Woodland used by the Ground Forces.[48][49]
K17 Navy Camouflage Pattern  Vietnam Former standard camo. A variant of the K17 used by the Ground Forces.
K20 Navy Camouflage Pattern  Vietnam Currently being the standard-issued camo. A variant of the K20 used by the Ground Forces.
Naval Duck Hunter Camouflage Pattern  Vietnam Standard camo for the Naval Special Operation Force and the submarine crews.

Infantry Weapon

[edit]

Weapons Attachment

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Origin Notes
ITL MARS Red dot sight  Israel Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor.
Meprolight M21 Red dot sight  Israel Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor, STV Rifles and IWI ACE
Aimpoint PRO Red dot sight  United States Mounted on STV Rifles.[50]
Aimpoint CompM4 Red dot sight  United States Mounted on AKM-1, limited use.[51]
KBN-SN Red dot sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Mounted on SN-19 and SN7N. Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
KBN-M1 Red-dot sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Mounted on STV-380. Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight Telescopic sight  United States Mounted on Special Operations Assault Rifle, Tara TM4 rifle. Limited uses within Military Marksman Demonstration Team.[52]
KD41 Optical sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
N12 Optical sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Mounted on SBT12M1 (KSVK 12.7).
NL-91 Night vision sight NL-92 Vietnam

Vietnam

Mounted on Uzi, AKM-1, IWI Tavor, STV Rifles and IWI ACE.[53]
KND-PKMSH Night vision sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
KND-DKZ82-K65 Night vision sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
KND-SCT7M2 Night vision sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Mounted on SCT-7 (RPG-9). Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
KNN-SCT105M1 Night vision sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Day-night sight. Mounted on SCT-105 (RPG-29).
KD-RPK Night vision sight Vietnam

Vietnam

Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
Barrel
Silencer Vietnam

Vietnam

CornerShot Weapon accessory  IsraelVietnam

Vietnam

Used by the People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Mobile Police Force.[54][55]

There is a domestic copy.

Under Barrel
OPL40M Grenade launcher SPL40  Vietnam 40 mm Grenade Launcher. Standard issue grenade launcher accompanying the STV-380 rifles.
M203 Grenade launcher T-40  United States

 Vietnam

40 mm Grenade Launcher. Replaces the trigger for a lever. Mounts on the Galil ACE 32, STL-1A, M18, M16A2 and TAR-21.[56] Manufactured locally as T-40 at the Z111 Factory.
IWI GL 40 Grenade launcher  Israel

 Vietnam

40 mm Grenade Launcher. Used by Naval Infantry Force. Manufactured locally.

Pistols

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
IWI Jericho 941 Semi-automatic pistol 9×19mm Parabellum  Israel
 Vietnam 		Limited use in the army and police, they are being manufactured to slowly replace the K54 and K14VN pistols. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[57][58][59]
Makarov pistol Semi-automatic pistol 9×18mm Makarov Type 59
K59 (SN9) 		 Soviet Union
 China
 Vietnam 		Used by police officers. Limited use in the army. Manufactured locally as the K59 (SN9). Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).[60]
TT-33 Semi-automatic pistol 7.62×25mm Tokarev Type 54/K54
K14
SN7M
SN7TD
SN7N 		 Vietnam
 Soviet Union
 China

 Vietnam

Standard issue service pistol (K14NV) used alongside the K54. This model is equipped with a longer barrel, and a double-stack magazine that holds an increased capacity of 13 rounds.[61][62] Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.
Standard issue service pistol. Manufactured locally as the K54 (from the Type 54 Chinese TT-33 copy), now being phased out by the new domestic K14.
SN7M, SN7TD, and SN7N are all modernized versions of the TT pistols. The SN7M is a basic modernization, SN7TD24 has an integrated silencer, and SN7N has an intrinsic sight. All are manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).

Assault Rifles

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes

STV3801

STV Assault rifle 7.62×39mm STV-215
STV-270
STV-380
STV-410
STV-416
STV-022 		 Vietnam Standard issue rifle. The STV-215 is the carbine version of the STV-380, it has a barrel length of 215 mm.[63][64] Developed and manufactured at the Z111 Factory. STV-380 muzzle can now be tweaked with various attachments. Can be equipped with indigenous KBN-M1 Red-dot sight.
STV-410 and STV-416 were the disconnected variants.

STV-416 manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).

The assault rifle STV-022 is different from the carbine gun variant. Equipped with a foldable Kalashnikov stock, grip around barrel is different.

Carbine variant has no stock, often equipped with vertical grip, has picatinny rail around barrel, and seems to have flashlight attachment. Used by bodyguard unit under the General Staff of the Vietnam People's Army and other units.

Both manufactured locally at Z111 Factory.

Galil ACE Assault rifle 7.62×39mm  Israel
 Vietnam 		The domestically made version has the charging handles located on the right side similar to traditional AK-47s. They have been replaced as the standard-issue rifle by the domestically manufactured STV-215/STV-380.

The majority of them may have been transferred to Laos and since then rarely spotted in Vietnamese service.[65][66][67] Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.

AKM Assault rifle 7.62×39mm AKMS
AKM-1
AKn 		 Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Standard issue rifle. Still being refurbished, old models are being converted to domestic AKM-1/AKn plasticized refurbishment. Succeeded and replaced as the standard-issue rifle by the STV-215/STV-380.[68][69] Manufactured locally with some new detail.[70]
IWI Tavor TAR-21 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO  Israel
 Vietnam 		Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Naval Infantry.[71][72] Manufactured locally.
M16A1 Assault rifle 5.56×45mm NATO M16A2
CAR-15 		 United States
 Vietnam 		M16A1 and XM16E1 is used by Militia Forces in southern provinces.
Upgraded and manufactured locally as the M16A2VN base on M16A1 and M18 with new stock and Picatinny rail.[73] M16A2 used by Coast Guard in small numbers.
Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces, Naval Infantry, and Coast Guard. Converted locally as the M18 at the Z111 Factory, manufactured locally as the XM177E2.
SHMT-M1 Underwater rifle 5.56×45mm NATO flechettes  Vietnam Designed to fire under or around water. Has gas regulator to seamlessly cycle water in and out. Manufactured locally at Z111 Factory.

Submachine Guns

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
Uzi Pro Submachine gun 9×19mm Parabellum  Israel
 Vietnam 		Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Naval Special Operation Force. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[74]

Sniper Rifles

[edit]
Image Model Type Calibre Origin Notes

IWI Galatz Sniper rifle 7.62×51mm NATO SBT-7.62VN  Israel

 Vietnam

Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces and Naval Infantry. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.

SBT-7.62VN has alterations to handguard, grip, stock, etc. The design is based on the SR-99.

Dragunov SVD Designated marksman rifle 7.62×54mmR SBT-7.62M1  Soviet Union

 Vietnam

Used by Naval Special Operation Force and Naval Infantry. Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.[75]

SBT-7.62M1 is the modernized variant.

Machine Guns

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
IWI Negev Light machine gun 5.56×45mm NATO

7.62×39mm

STrL-5.56
STrL-7.62 		 Israel

 Vietnam

Manufactured locally at the Z111 Factory.

STrL-5.56 is the exact domestic copy. Uses PKM handle. Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).

Domestic copy is designated as STrL-7.62, chambered in 7.62x39mm. Has foldable stock, PKM handle, 1913 picatinny rail, and fluted barrel that can quickly be swapped. Manufactured locally at Z111 Factory.

RPD Light machine gun 7.62×39mm STrL-D  Soviet Union

 Vietnam

Standard issue machine gun, modernized with picatinny and side rails. Manufactured locally at Z111 Factory.
RPK Light machine gun 7.62×39mm RPK-74  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Standard issue machine gun. Manufactured locally.

Grenade launcher

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
AGS-30 Automatic grenade launcher 30×29mm Grenade SPL-30  Russia
 Vietnam 		Manufactured locally at Z111 Factory as the SPL-30. Unlicensed copy. 29 round capacity.
AGS-17 Automatic grenade launcher 30×29mm Grenade SPL-17  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Standard issue. Manufactured locally at the Z125 Factory as the SPL-17.
Milkor MGL Grenade launcher 40×46mm Grenade MGL-VN1 (SPL-6)  South Africa
 Vietnam 		Used by People's Army of Vietnam Special Forces. Manufactured locally at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI) as the MGL-VN1 (SPL-6), SPL40L is the industry name. 6 round capacity.
M79 Grenade launcher 40×46mm Grenade M79-VN  United States
 Vietnam 		Standard issue. Manufactured locally at the Z125 Factory as the M79-VN or SPL40 as its industry name.[76]

Rocket-propelled Grenade (RPG) / Anti-Armor Weapon

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
RPG-7V Rocket-propelled grenade 40 mm HEAT RPG7V-VN (SCT-7)
SCT-7X 		 Soviet Union

 Vietnam

Internally codenamed B-41. Manufactured locally as RPG7V-VN or SCT-7. Can be equipped with indigenous KNND-SCT7 Day-night vision sight. SCT-7X has no rear grip, has a picatinny rail as substitute. Both manufactured at Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).

Able to produce ammunition for launcher at Factory Z144 and Z131. Cost ~$280 for one rocket.

MATADOR Anti-armour 90 mm anti-armour  Israel Used by Naval Infantry Force.
Recoilless Rifle
SPG-9 Anti-tank recoilless rifle 73 mm HEAT SPG-9-T2  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Manufactured locally as SPG-9-T2 at Factory Z125 and Vietnam Defense Industry (VDI).
B-10 Anti-tank recoilless rifle 82 mm HEAT B10VN  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Manufactured locally as the DKZ82-B10 VN or B10VN for short. More similar to a Type 65 recoilless rifle.

Ground Vehicles

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
Tanks
SU-100 100 mm Tank Destroyer  Soviet Union Used by coastal defence forces of PNVN.[77]
Type-63 Amphibious Light tank 150[78]  China Called PT-85 in local service because of its 85 mm gun, similar to the PT-76.
PT-76 Amphibious Light tank PT-76 300[79]  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		76.2 mm D-56T series rifled tank gun.

Has domestic production/refurbishment line at Factory X70. Practically every component is replaced with its local counterpart/copy. Notable mentions include FCS, laser range finder, thermals, optics, radios, track links, and a turbocharged engine.

The plan to include laser range finder and thermal could of likely been a prototype plan that was abandoned in 2022.

T-34 Medium tank T-34 45[80]  Soviet Union Used only for training, coastal defense, and doesn't operate on the mainland. 76.2 mm tank gun. Still being maintenance.
Armored Personnel Carriers (Wheeled)
BTR-40 Armoured personnel carrier 1,100[81]  Soviet Union
BTR-60 Wheeled armoured personnel carrier  Soviet Union Used by both Army and Naval Marines.
BTR-152 Wheeled armoured personnel carrier  Soviet Union Being upgraded with new diesel engine.[82] One is converted to an armored ambulance to support the field hospital in Bentiu, South Sudan, as a part of the UN peacekeeping mission in South Sudan
Transport
PTS-M Tracked amphibious transport  Soviet Union

Coastal Artillery

[edit]

Towed Artillery

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
D-44 85 mm field gun PTH85D44-VN18  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		The D-44 may be put into reserves soon as the ammunition it uses is unconventional and not standardized. The production of this ammo type will cease in the future and so will the service of the D-44.
The PTH85D44-VN18 is a mobile artillery unit that contains a D-44 artillery gun mounted on a Ural-375 6x6 truck. This may just be a prototype that never went into full production.
D-30 122 mm towed howitzer  Soviet Union While the current number in service is unclear, the Soviet Union provided 50 pieces of the D-30 in 1974.[83] Some may have been taken out of service over the years.
M-46 130 mm field gun Type 59
PTH130-K225B 		 Soviet Union
 China
 Vietnam 		While the current number in service is unclear, the Soviet Union provided 519 pieces of the M-46 from 1968-1973.[84] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.
Type 59 is a licensed copy from China.
The PTH130-K225B is domestic self-propelled artillery prototype.

Efforts be made to produce projectile that extends the range from 27 km to 30-40 km.

D-20 152 mm towed gun-howitzer  Soviet Union While the current number in service is unclear, the Soviet Union provided 500 pieces of the D-20 from 1966 - 1970.[85] Some were most likely lost in combat or taken out of service over the years.

Rocket / Missile Artillery

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes

ACCULAR 122–160 mm rocket artillery  Israel 40 km range, used for coastal defence.[86]
4K51 Rubezh P-15 Termit
P21
P22 		 Soviet Union 40 km of range, used for coastal defense.
Redut coastal missile system (1)

Redut-M P-5 Pyatyorka 4K44 Redut  Soviet Union 80 km of range, used for coastal defense.
VLV-01 VSM-01  Vietnam 80 - 130 km range, used for coastal defense.

Apart of VCS-01 mobile coastal defense system.

Based on KAMAZ-6560 8×8 truck chassis. Weighs around 40 tons and is ready to fire in 10 minutes. Can carry up to 8 canister but usual carries 4.[87]

EXTRA 306 mm rocket artillery 20 launchers  Israel 150 km range, used for coastal defense.[88]
K-300P Bastion-P P-800 Oniks 10 launchers  Russia 120 - 300 km range.

Two systems were acquired in 2011; a single system consists of 4 TEL along with radars, command, and support vehicles.

Mainly used for coastal defense.[89]


Former

[edit]

Vessel

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
Surface Vessel
Komar Missile boat  Soviet Union Discontinued in the 1980s
Shantou Gunboat  China Used in Gulf of Tonkin incident
P 4-class torpedo boat Torpedo boat T-333
T-336
T-339 		3  China Used in Vietnam War
Barnegat Patrol boat 01 (ex-Absecon) 1  United States Captured in 1975.

The ship was decommissioned in the 2000s, and the entire system was dismantled.[90]

Edsall class Destroyer Escort 03 ex-Forster 1  United States Captured during Vietnam War CCB.
Point Patrol boat 1  United States Captured in 1975.

Scrapped in Ho Chi Minh City, 1987.

Infantry Weapon

[edit]

Pistol

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
Stechkin APS Machine pistol 9×18mm Makarov  Soviet Union Limited use.

Sniper Rifle

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
PSL Designated marksman rifle 7.62×54mmR  Socialist Republic of Romania May have been retired and replaced by IWI Galatz.

Used by Naval Infantry.

Assault Rifle

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
Ak-74 Assault rifle 5.45×39mm AKS-74  Soviet Union Used for training. Replaced as the standard-issue rifle by the Galil ACE.

Machine Gun

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
DShK Heavy machine gun 12.7×108mm  Soviet Union
 Vietnam 		Mounted on T-55 tanks. Currently being phased out by the NSV.

Costal Artillery

[edit]

Recoilless Rifle

[edit]
Image Model Type Caliber Variant Origin Notes
B-11 Anti-tank recoilless rifle 82 mm HEAT  Soviet Union Stored in reserves.

Aircraft

[edit]

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV)

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
ITAD M-400 Reconnaissance  Vietnam No longer in service. Designed in 2001 and produced in 2005.

Produced and developed by Viettel.[91]

Radar

[edit]
Image Model Type Variant Quantity Origin Notes
Coastal Radar
P 18-2 P-18 radar 2D VHF Radar  Soviet Union May have been retired and replace by P18M radar.

Procurement

[edit]

As the Vietnam People's Navy is responsible for protecting the nation's sovereignty and economic activities at sea, as well to repulse unauthorized foreign vessels intruding into Vietnamese waters, Vietnam's policy has considered the modernization of the Navy a priority task in the overall military modernization plan. As stated on 5 August 2011 by Minister of Defence Phùng Quang Thanh:

The direction of building up the armed forces is one to follow the revolutionary spirit, regularisation and effectiveness and gradual modernisation. Within this context, the Navy, the Air Force, the Signal Corps and Electronic Warfare will proceed directly into modernisation to protect the country.[92]

— Vietnamese Minister of Defence, Phùng Quang Thanh.
  • Frigates and corvettes: Two Gepard-class frigates were laid down in 2011 by the Zelenodolsk shipyard in Russia, named 011 Dinh Tien Hoang and 012 Lý Thái Tổ, and two more were ordered. A contract was made in 2011 with Schelde Naval Shipbuilding in the Netherlands to build two Sigma-class corvettes in the Netherlands and two more in Vietnam.[93] The Vietnam People's Navy has itself built six Tarantul-class corvettes (Molniya class) with Russian supervision and has designed and built the first warships of the TT-400TP gunboat class.[94] Vietnam also purchased two Pohang-class corvettes were purchased from South Korea, one in 2017 and one in 2018. Additionally, India donated one Khukri-class corvette in 2023.[95]
  • Submarines: Vietnam deployed its first submarine flotilla, Flotilla 182, on 1 June 1982. This flotilla was trained in Cam Ranh Bay under the guidance of Soviet submarine officers and used North Korea's Yugo-class submarine. In April 2011, Vietnam ordered six Kilo-class submarines worth about 1.8 billion dollars, said to be the entire defence budget of Vietnam in 2009. With six submarines, the first to be delivered in 2012 and the last one to be delivered by 2016.[96]
  • Offshore patrol vessel: When Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng visited India in October 2014 it was announced that India will supply 4 naval vessels to Vietnam, and quickly operationalise a $100 million line of credit which will allow Vietnam to purchase new vessels from India.[97]
  • Naval air force: The Vietnam People's Navy prepared to build the Naval Air Force to increase the capacity of coastal defence. On 27 February 2010, the Vietnamese People's Army General Staff decided to build and make the 954th Naval Air Force Regiment a regular member of the Vietnamese Navy. Vietnam has purchased three CASA C-212 Aviocar Series 400 aircraft. The aircraft are equipped with MSS 6000 radar and the Naval Air Force will use them for general patrol purposes. Vietnamese Navy received two Eurocopter EC225 Super Puma to offshore patrol and search and rescue missions.[98] Viking Air Company of Canada contracted to sell to Vietnam six Seaplane DHC-6 Twin Otter Series 400 aircraft from 2012 to 2014. While eight Kamov Ka-28 helicopters also transferred to the naval air force.[99]
  • Coastal defence missile force: Vietnam People's Navy is building a coastal defence missile force (the 679th Coastal Missile Regiment) to become a core force in its maritime security strategy, with Russian and Indian missile systems. The Vietnamese Navy has already produced for itself the P-5 Pyatyorka/Shaddock anti-ship missile, with a range of 550 km. Vietnam was the only customer to which the Soviet Union exported this missile system. The then Russia delivered two K-300P Bastion-P coastal defence systems to Vietnam. The Bastion system uses the P-800 Oniks/Yakhont supersonic anti-ship missile, primarily used to attack targets on land and sea, has an attack range of 300 km, and can be used to protect a coastline of over 600 km.[100] During a 2014 visit of Vietnamese Prime Minister Nguyễn Tấn Dũng to India, the Indian government under Prime Minister Narendra Modi showed willingness to sell their BrahMos supersonic cruise missiles developed by the Russia-India joint venture BrahMos Aerospace Private Limited to Vietnam.[101] The Vietnamese are now starting to locally produce the anti-ship missile Kh-35 Uran-E after receiving 33 missiles in 2010.
  • US Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV), the Honourable Ray Mabus talking with Vietnam People's Navy Commander Admiral Nguyễn Văn Hiến on 26 November 2010.
    US Secretary of the Navy (SECNAV), the Honourable Ray Mabus talking with Vietnam People's Navy Commander Admiral Nguyễn Văn Hiến on 26 November 2010.
  • US Navy Lt. Robert Gillenwater explains to Vietnamese Naval Officers the purpose of the diver's decompression chamber, 2006.
    US Navy Lt. Robert Gillenwater explains to Vietnamese Naval Officers the purpose of the diver's decompression chamber, 2006.

See Also

[edit]

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