List of equipment of the Lebanese Armed Forces
This article needs additional citations for verification. (May 2019) |
Lebanese Armed Forces equipment still contains significant amounts of old weaponry, but it has embarked on some major improvements recently. The M113, which is commonly found with every regiment and brigade, is considered to be the major element of the ground forces. A collection of Western and Soviet made arms and equipment exists ranging from rifles to tanks such as the T-54/55. However, the Lebanese army is still trying to rearm and modernize itself through new aids and purchases from different countries such as the United States, Belgium, Russia, and The Netherlands.
Rearming and modernization
[edit]The LAF has been attempting to modernize and equip itself since 2005. Due to the budget limits, and instead of spawning an indigenous arms industry the LAF is relying on donations and friendly priced equipment.
The United States has been supplying the Lebanese Armed Forces with light to medium arms since 2005, in the form of a package of more than US$1.2 billion-worth of equipment that is still being executed. Among these supplies are HMMWV, M-35/A3, Mk 19 grenade launcher, M141 Bunker Defeat Munition, TOW 2, HELLFIRE 2, AT4, and Barrett M107 .50 Cal. sniper. The US has promised to supply Lebanon with M2A2 ODS and M109A5. In addition, the US supplied Lebanon with 12 RQ-11 Raven small hand-launched UAVs, 12 M-109A3 and 183 additional M198 Howitzers from 2008 to 2016 making the total to 219,[1] and promised to deliver all water patrol boats and more utility, and attack helicopters.
On April 20, 2015, the Lebanese army took delivery of 48 MBDA Milan short-range anti-tank missiles as part of the $3 billion package donated by Saudi Arabia.
On February 19, 2016, The army chief expressed in an interview to Al-Akhbar newspaper the status of the Military aid to Lebanon and said: "There are contributions from many countries, but they remain symbolic. The US still the largest armament supplier."[citation needed] Later on the same day the Saudi Arabia press agency quoted a Saudi official, that Saudi Arabia halted the $3 billion program for military supplies to Lebanon.[citation needed]
Equipment
[edit]Pistols
[edit]Brand | Origin | Photos | Caliber | Versions | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Browning Hi-Power[2] | Belgium United States |
9×19mm Parabellum | Standard-issue for military and police. | ||
Glock | Austria | 9×19mm Parabellum | Glock 17, Glock 18 | In use with Special Forces. | |
Beretta 92 | Italy | 9×19mm Parabellum | Limited use. | ||
P-64 CZAK | Polish People's Republic | 9×18mm Makarov | In reserve. |
Assault rifles
[edit]Brand | Origin | Versions | Photos | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
M4 carbine[3][4] | United States | SOPMOD | Standard-issue rifle of all intervention regiments and special forces units. | |
M16 rifle[5][6] | United States | A1, A2, A4 | Standard-issue rifle. In total 70000 A4 were being received. All deliveries were scheduled to be made 2021 to replace the remaining A1 variant. | |
Close Quarters Battle Receiver | United States | MK18 | Used by the Navy Commandos to replace the MP5. Lebanese Special Units operate the CQBR. | |
AKM | Soviet Union | Replaced by the M16 and M4. Used by reserve. | ||
AK-74 | Soviet Union | AKS-74,
AKS-74U, AK-74M |
Limited usage. | |
FAMAS[2] | France | F1 | Limited usage, in use with some Special Forces squads. | |
Heckler & Koch G3 | West Germany | G3A3 | The G3 is only used for cadet training. | |
SIG SG 540[2] | Switzerland | Most were transferred to Lebanese Internal Security Forces. | ||
Daewoo Precision Industries K2 | South Korea | K2 | Limited usage. |
Sniper rifles
[edit]Brand | Origin | Versions | Photos |
---|---|---|---|
Barrett M82 | United States | ||
M24 | United States | ||
Steyr SSG 69 | Austria | ||
QBU-88 | China | 144 |
Machine guns
[edit]Brand | Origin | Versions | Photos |
---|---|---|---|
M249 | United States | ||
MK-46 | United States | ||
M240 | United States | M240L | |
M60 machine gun | United States | ||
M2 Browning | United States | M2HB | |
M1919 Browning | United States | M1919A4 | |
DShK | Soviet Union | DShKM | |
PK machine gun | Soviet Union | ||
Rheinmetall MG 3 | Germany | ||
FN MAG | Belgium | ||
FN Minimi | Belgium |
SMGs and shotguns
[edit]Brand | Origin | Type | Photos |
---|---|---|---|
Heckler & Koch MP5 | West Germany | Submachine gun | |
OTs-02 Kiparis | Soviet Union | Submachine gun | |
FN P90[7] | Belgium | Personal defense weapon | |
Franchi SPAS-12 | Italy | Combat shotgun | |
Mossberg 500 | United States | Riot / combat shotgun |
Rocket/grenade launchers
[edit]Brand | Origin | Versions | Photos |
---|---|---|---|
M203 | United States | ||
M72 LAW | United States | ||
M141 Bunker Defeat Munition | United States | ||
MK-153 SMAW[8] | United States | ||
RPG-7 | Soviet Union | ||
AT4 | Sweden |
Vehicle mounted artillery
[edit]Artillery | Type | Origin | Photo |
---|---|---|---|
M40 | Recoilless rifle (113 units) | United States |
Anti-tank missiles
[edit]Artillery | Type | Origin | Photo |
---|---|---|---|
M113A2 BGM-71 TOW | Missile armed tank destroyer
equipped with anti-tank guided missile BGM-71 TOW.[9] |
United States | |
BGM-71 TOW | Anti-tank version tandem warhead TOW-2A, Mounted on HMMWV
wireless TOW, and bunker buster version BGM-71H |
United States | |
M712 Copperhead | Laser-guided artillery shell | United States | |
MILAN | MILAN 1 MILAN 2 is mounted on HMMWV |
France West Germany |
|
HOT[10] | HOT II | France West Germany |
Anti-aircraft weapons/vehicles
[edit]Artillery | Type | Origin | Quantity | Photo | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
9K32 Strela-2 | Surface-to-air missile | Soviet Union | |||
ZU-23-2 | Anti-aircraft gun | Soviet Union | |||
ZPU-2 | Anti-aircraft gun | Soviet Union | |||
Zastava M55 | 3x20mm anti-aircraft guns | Yugoslavia | |||
ZPU-4 | Anti-aircraft | Soviet Union |
Helmets
[edit]Brand | Origin | Type | Photos | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
ECH | United States | Combat helmet | Standard issue helmet of the Lebanese army replaced the Personnel Armor System for Ground Troops in 2018 | |
PASGT | United States | Combat helmet | Former Standard issue helmet for the Lebanese army replaced by the Enhanced Combat Helmet in 2018 | |
MICH / ACH | United States | Combat helmet | Used by the Lebanese Special Operations Command and some other units | |
Ops-Core FAST Helmet | United States | Combat helmet | Main users are the Lebanese Special Operations Command and the intervention regiments also seen used by conventional brigades | |
Modèle 1978 helmet | France | Combat helmet | Limited use |
Body armor
[edit]Brand | Origin | Type | Photos | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
Interceptor Body Armor | United States | |||
Combat Integrated Releasable Armor System | United States | Bulletproof vest |
Camouflage
[edit]Brand | Origin | Type | Photos | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|
MultiCam | Norway United Kingdom United States |
Bulletproof vest, combat helmet, uniform | Operational Camouflage Pattern based on MultiCam predecessor, Standard issued uniform for all branches replaced U.S. Woodland on 21 November 2017. | |
UCP | United States | Marine Commandos | ||
MARPAT desert pattern | United States | Airborne regiment | ||
MARPAT Woodland | United States | Commando Regiment | ||
Lizard Camouflage | France | Moukafaha | ||
Black Camouflage | Marine Commandos |
Optics
[edit]Brand | Origin | Type | Photos |
---|---|---|---|
EOTech | United States | Holographic weapon sight | |
Aimpoint CompM4 | United States | Aimpoint | |
Advanced Combat Optical Gunsight | United States | Telescopic sight |
Night vision equipment
[edit]Brand | Origin | Type | Photos |
---|---|---|---|
AN/PVS-14 | United States | Night-vision device | |
AN/PVS-7 | United States | Night-vision device | |
AN/PEQ-2 | United States | IR laser and illumination |
Unarmored vehicles
[edit]Model | Versions | Origin | In service | Notes | Pictures | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Humvee | M998/M1025/M1046/M1035 | United States | +1500 | |||
M997 ambulance | Used for medical evacuation | United States | N\A | Military ambulance | ||
M113 | Tracked armoured ambulance vehicle | United States | 12 | Ambulance version of M113. | ||
M54 5-ton 6x6 truck | Cargo | United States | ||||
M151 MUTT | A2 | United States | In limited use | |||
CUCV | M1008/M1009/M1010 Ambulance/M1028/M880/M882/M883/M885/M886 Ambulance | United States | In limited use | |||
M35 series 2½-ton 6×6 cargo truck | Cargo/transport | United States | ||||
DAF YA 4440/4442 | Cargo transport | Netherlands | ||||
FMTV | Humanitarian relief, troop and cargo transport | United States | 100 .[11] | |||
Land Rover Defender 90 | Cargo/transport | United Kingdom | ||||
Mercedes-Benz 250 GD "Wolf" | Ambulance | Austria West Germany |
20 | |||
Volkswagen Transporter (T5) | Transport | West Germany Germany |
||||
KamAZ-4310 | Cargo transport | Soviet Union Russian Federation |
100~ | |||
Iveco Trakker | Cargo transport | Italy | seen during the military parade in Beirut 2017 | |||
Iveco Daily | Homeland security | Italy | used by internal security forces | |||
Toyota Land Cruiser | Transport | Japan | ||||
KIA KM450 Series | Cargo transport | South Korea | 5+ | KM451 | ||
Iveco | Medium truck 4×4 | Italy | 26 including 1 fuel tank,1 water. | |||
Sinotruk HOWO | Multi-purpose tactical truck | China | 40 | |||
Iveco 90.17 WM | 4x4 4 ton truck | Italy | 16 | |||
Navistar 7000-MV | Military truck 5 Ton truck | United States | Seen with Lebanese Army the Navistar Defense 7000-MV GTT, in November 2011. | |||
M939 series | 5-ton utility Vehicle | United States | 38 | In the context of the United States aid program dedicated to the Lebanese Army, the Logistic Brigade received in the port of Beirut vehicles composed of M925 and M925A1 5-Tons cargo trucks.may 5 2014 | ||
K711 | 6×6 cargo truck | South Korea |
50 |
|||
Fiat Ducato | Van | Italy |
Utility vehicles
[edit]Model | Versions | Origin | In service | Notes | Pictures | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Polaris Ranger 500 4×4 | All-terrain vehicle | United States | ||||
Polaris MRZR D2/D4 | 4×4 | United States | ||||
Polaris RZR | Fast attack vehicle | United States | ||||
Kawasaki | Brute Force 750 4×4i | Japan | ||||
K131 | 4×4 utility vehicle | South Korea | 5+ | |||
BJ80 | Light utility vehicle | China | 60 | |||
KIA KM450 Series | Utility vehicle | South Korea | 5+ |
Tanks
[edit]Model | Versions | Origin | In service | Pictures | Note |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M60 | A3 | United States | 10 [12] | Delivery in 2009 4 M60A3 TTS and 6 M60A3 IFCS ref. Lebanese Army magazine issue of December 2009 issue number 294. | |
M48 | A5PI | United States | 66 | Delivery in 1984 of a total number of 106. Used by the 5th Infantry brigade and the 1st Armoured regiment which brings the total number to 81. As of 2024, the Lebanese army operates and maintains 66 M48A5 tanks.[13] | |
T-54/55 | T-55A, T-54B, T-54A, T-54-3, T-54-2 | Soviet Union | ~40 operational, ~100 non-operational | In 1988 Iraq delivered an unknown number of T-54/55s, around 50 from militias after the civil war, 30 T-55s delivered from Libya after the civil war, and 180 delivered in 1993 from Syria. These are used as support by some Infantry Brigades, but its main operators are the 2nd Armored Brigade and the 3rd Mechanized Brigade, between them operating roughly 40 T-55A/T-55B/T-55MV. The Lebanese army possesses roughly 140 in total, with most being non-operational, mainly T-54 and subsequent variants as well as T-55A tanks. |
Armored personnel carriers
[edit]Model | Versions | Origin | In service | Notes | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
M1151 | United States | 259 | |||
M113 | A2, A3, M577 Nagman opfor | United States | 1,338 | Many armed with BGM-71 TOW, ZPU and ZU-23-2; some were captured from Israeli army in 2006 Lebanon War and 1982 Lebanon War | |
VAB | VTT | France | 100 | Used also by the military police | |
Barracuda (TM-170) | South Korea West Germany |
10 | Doosan DST | ||
RWMIK Land Rover | Protected mobility vehicle
The Revised Weapons Mounted Installation Kit is maintained solely as a specialist capability. |
United Kingdom | 100 | Used by all 4 land border regiments |
Armored fighting vehicles
[edit]Model | Versions | Origin | In service | Notes | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Bradley Fighting Vehicle | M2A2 ODS | United States | 32 | Used by airborne regiment al moujawkal | |
AIFV-B-C25 | United States | 16 | 16 ex-Belgian AIFV-B-C25 vehicles.
Used by airborne regiment al moujawkal and commando regiment al maghawer and commandos marine Maghāwīr al Baħr |
||
VAB | Mephisto ATGM | France | 35[10] | Equipped with HOT II missiles
Used by anti tank regiment |
|
Panhard AML | France | 45 |
Artillery
[edit]Artillery | Versions | Origin | In service | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|
M109A3 | 155 mm | United States | 12[14] | |
M198 | 155 mm | United States | 219 | |
M114A1 | 155 mm | United States | 20 | |
M101A1 | 105 mm | United States | 15 | |
M102 | 105 mm | United States | 10 | |
D-30 | 122 mm | Soviet Union | 42 | |
M-30 | 122 mm | Soviet Union | –26 | |
M-46 gun | 130 mm | Soviet Union | 15 | |
2A36 Giatsint-B | 152 mm | Soviet Union | –6 | |
The Lebanese Army BM-11 mounted on M35A2 truck of the 2nd Artillery Regiment | 122 mm | Soviet Union | 5 | |
Grad-K ("Grad" on KamAZ-5350 chassis) | 122mm multiple rocket launcher | Russia | 6 |
The 2B26 machine is a Russian modification of the original BM-21 launcher. It was first produced in 2011.[15] |
Mortar
[edit]mortar | Versions | Origin | In service | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|
M29 | 81mm medium mortar | United States | ||
M252 | 81mm medium mortar | United States | ||
M30 | carriers M113 armored personnel carrier | United States | ||
MO-120 RT | 120 mm | France | 24 | |
M224 | 60 mm lightweight mortar (LWCMS) | United States |
Other vehicles
[edit]Artillery | Versions | Origin | In service | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|
M88 Recovery Vehicle | A1 | United States | 35 | |
M88 Recovery Vehicle | A2 | United States | 2 | |
M578 Light Recovery Vehicle | United States | 4 | ||
Caterpillar D9 | D9N | United States | 2 | |
M992 Field Artillery Ammunition Support Vehicle | A2 | United States | 10 | |
Oshkosh M1070 | United States | 8 | ||
M915 | United States | |||
ACTL 6×6 | Tactical-logistic vehicle | Italy | 2+ |
Explosive ordnance disposal robots
[edit]Artillery | Versions | Origin | In service | Photos |
---|---|---|---|---|
Foster-Miller TALON | Tracked military robot | United States | ||
iRobot PackBot 510 | Unmanned demining vehicle | United States |
Logistics and engineering equipment
[edit]- Minecat 230 Minesweeper[16]
- Armtrac 100 Minesweeper
- Armtrac 75 Minesweeper[17]
- Bozena Minesweeper
- Uran-6 Mine-Clearing Robot
- Mini MineWolf
- Bulldozers (armored and non-armored)
- M52
- M813, M816 Wrecker, M818
- M543 Wrecker
- M49A2 Fuel tank truck
- Ural 4320 Crane
- Volvo NL10/NL12
- GMC TopKick
- Hino Trucks
- Jeep Wagoneer Signal truck
- Autoneige Snow Trac
- Thomas Built Buses
- Nissan Buses
Military simulations
[edit]- Janus[18][19][20]
- Engagement Skills Trainer 2000 [21]
- TOW anti-tank simulators
- Milan anti-tank simulators
- VAB Mephisto simulators[22]
Recent supplies
[edit]- The United Kingdom donated 1.2 million euros worth of armoured vehicle parts in May 2023.[23]
- Lebanese Army received 3 Huey 2 helicopters from the US in February 2021.[24]
- The Lebanese Army received VAB and Hot missiles and other equipment from France on May 30, 2017.
- Lebanon received 12 M109 155mm self-propelled howitzers from Jordan in March 2015 and 400 Tow 2 by June 2015.
- Lebanon received 72 M-198 Howitzers from the United States on February 8, 2015, along with M1044 (Up-Armored HMMWV) vehicles donated by the US, as part of the aid for fighting terrorism.[25]
- Lebanon received 120 Land Rover Defender 90s from the United Kingdom on December 10, 2013.[26]
- Lebanon received 71 HMMWVs, M1038 Cargo/Troop Carrier, M1026 Armament Carrier with Basic Armor, M1044 Armament Carrier w/ Supplemental Armor, vehicles donated by the US on August 17, 2013.[27]
- In August 2013 France enhanced the operational capacities of the Lebanese army by providing military equipment. The gift included bulletproof vests, optical equipment and HOT missiles for Gazelle Helicopter.[28]
- Lebanon received 31 M1151 (Up-Armored HMMWV) vehicles donated by the US on August 17, 2012.
- Lebanon received 24 M1151 (Up-Armored HMMWV) vehicles donated by the US on July 22, 2011.
- Lebanon received 106 vehicles donated by the UN in Lebanon on 13 May 2011.
- Lebanon received 30 M-198 Howitzers in January, 2010.[29] This followed an earlier supply of 41 Howitzers in 2008, and 36 Howitzers operated by the LAF since the 80s.
- Lebanon received 16 AIFVs and 12 M-113 ambulances in early December 2009, purchased from Belgium.[30]
- On May 22, Lebanon officially announced the delivery of the first 10 M60/A3, one M88, and several other items during a ceremony at Beirut International Airport.
- On March 23, 2009, the LAF took delivery of 40 HMMWVs, and 9 sport utility vehicles from the US.[31]
- On March 20, 2009, the LAF purchased 6 Kawasaki Brute Force 750 4×4is.[32]
- On December 28, 2008, the US delivered 72 HMMWVs. Twelve of these were ambulances.[33]
- During 2008, the US supplied Lebanon with 200 M35A3 and 41 M198 Howitzers.[34]
- As of March 2008, the Netherlands had donated 100 DAF trucks to the Lebanese Army.[35]
See also
[edit]- List of former equipment of the Lebanese Armed Forces
- List of weapons of the Lebanese Civil War
- Cedar rocket
References
[edit]- ^ "Heavy U.S. Military Aid to Lebanon Arrives ahead of Elections". Naharnet Newsdesk. April 9, 2009. Archived from the original on November 30, 2009. Retrieved April 9, 2009.
- ^ a b c Jones, Richard D. Jane's Infantry Weapons 2009/2010. Jane's Information Group; 35 edition (27 January 2009). ISBN 978-0-7106-2869-5.
- ^ Christopher J. Castelli (September 2008). "Department of Defense to equip Lebanon's Special Forces with Small Arms, Vehicles" (PDF). DISAM Journal. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2009-03-27. Retrieved 2009-02-08.
- ^ Daniel Watters. "The 5.56 X 45mm: 2008". The Gun Zone. Archived from the original on 2010-01-04. Retrieved 2009-01-27.
- ^ "Report: Profiling the Small Arms Industry – World Policy Institute – Research Project". World Policy Institute. November 2000. Archived from the original on 2017-10-11. Retrieved 2010-07-15.
- ^ McNab, Chris (2002). 20th Century Military Uniforms (2nd ed.). Kent: Grange Books. ISBN 1-84013-476-3.
- ^ Thomas Smith Jr., W. (October 10, 2007). "Black-Masked Commandos Training By The Sea". National Review. Archived from the original on July 14, 2011. Retrieved September 18, 2009.
- ^ "Mk.153 SMAW Anti-Tank Rocket Launcher | Military-Today.com". www.military-today.com. Archived from the original on 2 July 2020. Retrieved 26 July 2020.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: unfit URL (link) - ^ Cite error: The named reference
:8
was invoked but never defined (see the help page). - ^ a b laf-digest.blogspot.com/2017/05/laf-receives-15-vab-hot-and-hundreds-of.html
- ^ "Security assistance enterprise delivers to Lebanese troops". Archived from the original on 2021-03-10. Retrieved 2021-03-13.
- ^ The Military Balance 2023. International Institute for Strategic Studies. 2023. ISBN 978-1-000-91073-5.
- ^ International Institute for Strategic Studies (2023). The Military Balance. Routledge. Retrieved October 2, 2024.
- ^ The Military Balance 2024. International Institute for Strategic Studies. 2024. ISBN 978-1-040-05115-3.
- ^ Боевые машины РСЗО "Град" 2Б26 на параде в Ростове-на-Дону
- ^ "كاسحة الألغامالجيش يتسلم كاسحة ألغام هبة من حكومة النروج". August 2005. Archived from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ^ "كاسحة الألغام "Armtrac" في تجربة تدليلية". April 2006. Archived from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ^ افتتاح المشبّه التكتي. Lebanese Army Magazine (in Arabic). August 2006. Archived from the original on 2019-12-13. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ^ خبراء فرنسيون زاروا كلية فؤاد شهاب في مهمة حول المشبه التكتي. Lebanese Army Magazine (in Arabic). August 2006. Archived from the original on 2009-01-20. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ^ المشبّه التكتي. Lebanese Army Magazine (in Arabic). October 2005. Archived from the original on 2019-12-13. Retrieved 2008-12-19.
- ^ "Cubic to Provide Small-Arms Trainers to New International Customers". Newsroom. Cubic Corporation. October 1, 2009. Archived from the original on 2 February 2010. Retrieved 31 January 2010.
- ^ office_zzam (2018-11-27). "Second batch of French VAB HOT Mephisto antitank armored vehicles deli". armyrecognition.com. Retrieved 2024-09-22.
- ^ "UK donates equipment to the Lebanese Army". GOV.UK. Retrieved 2024-03-04.
- ^ "Lebanon: Army receives US-donated helicopters worth $32 million | the National". 14 February 2021. Archived from the original on 2021-02-14. Retrieved 2021-02-15.
- ^ "The Handover ceremony of equipment presented as a donation from the US authorities to the Lebanese Army". Archived from the original on 2015-02-10. Retrieved 2015-02-10.
- ^ "الجيش اللبناني يتسلّم مساعدات عسكرية بريطانية". Archived from the original on 2016-03-04. Retrieved 2013-12-15.
- ^ "More New Comers to the LAF". milinme.wordpress. August 17, 2013. Archived from the original on November 2, 2013. Retrieved November 2, 2013.
- ^ "La France donne des équipements à l'armée libanaise - cérémonie à la base aérienne de Beyrouth". Ambassade de France à Beyrouth. August 13, 2013. Archived from the original on January 5, 2014. Retrieved December 6, 2013.
- ^ "تسلّم مدافع وأعتدة وذخائر مختلفة". Lebanese Army News. Lebanese Army. Archived from the original on 5 December 2010. Retrieved 29 November 2010.
- ^ "De Crem confirms the delivery of ex-Belgian AIFVs and M-113 Ambulances" (in Dutch and English). Belgian House of Representatives. January 6, 2010. Archived from the original on July 13, 2011. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
- ^ "U.S. Government Provides Tactical Vehicles to the Lebanese Armed Forces". Press releases 2009. Embassy of the United States - Lebanon. March 25, 2009. Archived from the original on August 23, 2009. Retrieved 2009-03-26.
- ^ "Lebanese Army purchases Kawasaki ATVs from RYMCO". Rymco. March 20, 2009. Archived from the original on July 15, 2011. Retrieved April 4, 2009.
- ^ "U.S. Government Provides Humvees to the Lebanese Armed Forces". Press Releases 2009. Embassy of the United States - Beirut, Lebanon. January 13, 2009. Archived from the original on January 20, 2009. Retrieved 2009-01-18.
- ^ Garamone, Jim (December 1, 2008). "U.S. Forces Help Lebanese Military Assert Control". American Forces Press Service - DefenseLink News. Archived from the original on 2009-11-30. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
- ^ حفل تسلّم آليات عسكرية تقدمة من دولة هولندا (in Arabic). Lebanese Armed Forces. May 2008. Archived from the original on 2014-08-26. Retrieved 2008-12-19.