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List of countries by air pollution

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The following list of countries by air pollution sorts the countries of the world according to their average measured concentration of particulate matter (PM2.5) in micrograms per cubic meter (μg/m3). The World Health Organization's recommended limit is 5 micrograms per cubic meter, although there are also various national guideline values, which are often much higher. Air pollution is among the biggest health problems of modern industrial society and is responsible for more than 10 percent of all deaths worldwide (nearly 4.5 million premature deaths in 2019), according to The Lancet. Air pollution can affect nearly every organ and system of the body, negatively affecting nature and humans alike. Air pollution is a particularly big problem in emerging and developing countries, where global environmental standards often cannot be met. The data in this list refers only to outdoor air quality and not indoor air quality, which caused an additional two million premature deaths in 2019.[1]

2022 list (UChicago AQLI 2022)

[edit]

All data are valid for the year 2022 and are taken from the Air Quality Life Index (AQLI) of the University of Chicago. In addition to particulate matter pollution, the modeled potential loss of life expectancy of the population due to particulate matter pollution is given.[2]

Rank Country Particulate matter
(PM2.5)
(in μg/m3)
WHO-Guideline=5 		Loss of life
expectancy
(years)
1  Bangladesh 54.17 −4.82
2  India 41.39 −3.57
3  Nepal 39.18 −3.35
4  Qatar 39.16 −3.35
5  Pakistan 38.90 −3.32
6  Democratic Republic of the Congo 34.20 −2.86
7  Burundi 34.04 −2.85
8  Rwanda 33.37 −2.78
9  Equatorial Guinea 32.87 −2.73
10  Cameroon 32.58 −2.70
11  Republic of the Congo 31.94 −2.64
12  Iraq 32.42 −2.69
13  Mongolia 30.10 −2.46
14  Bolivia 29.63 −2.41
15  Myanmar 28.64 −2.32
16  China 28.18 −2.27
17  Lesotho 27.87 −2.24
18  Uganda 27.81 −2.24
19  Saudi Arabia 27.50 −2.20
20  El Salvador 27.43 −2.20
21  Gabon 25.65 −2.02
22  Peru 25.48 −2.01
23  Guatemala 25.13 −1.97
24  Nigeria 25.02 −1.96
25  Central African Republic 24.99 −1.96
26  Honduras 24.52 −1.91
27  Bosnia and Herzegovina 23.93 −1.86
28  Vietnam 23.58 −1.82
29  Laos 23.53 −1.82
30  South Africa 23.26 −1.75
31  Chile 22.84 −0.91
32  Syria 22.82 −1.75
33  Bhutan 22.78 −1.74
34  Bahrain 22.75 −1.74
35  Zambia 22.18 −1.68
36  Kuwait 21.77 −1.64
37  Thailand 21.15 −1.58
38  Turkey 21.10 −1.58
39  Angola 21.07 −1.57
40  South Korea 20.82 −1.55
41  United Arab Emirates 20.71 −1.54
42  Jordan 19.70 −1.44
43  Armenia 19.51 −1.42
44  Philippines 19.17 −1.39
45  Egypt 19.16 −1.39
46  Sri Lanka 19.13 −1.38
47  North Macedonia 19.02 −1.37
48  Bulgaria 18.86 −1.36
49  Iran 18.80 −1.35
50  Uzbekistan 18.64 −1.34
51  Lebanon 18.62 −1.33
52  North Korea 18.60 −1.33
53  Djibouti 18.43 −1.32
54  Ecuador 18.32 −1.31
55  Indonesia 18.25 −1.30
56  Tanzania 18.17 −1.29
57  Malawi 17.61 −1.24
58  Benin 17.31 −1.21
59  Republic of China 17.29 −1.20
60  Tajikistan 17.08 −1.18
61  Afghanistan 16.98 −1.17
62  Serbia 16.95 −1.17
63  Cambodia 16.94 −1.17
64  Ethiopia 16.94 −1.17
65  Yemen 16.76 −1.15
66  Kenya 16.47 −1.12
67  Eswatini 16.38 −1.12
68  Colombia 16.23 −1.10
69  South Sudan 15.97 −1.08
70  Zimbabwe 15.97 −1.08
71  Mexico 15.64 −1.04
72  Togo 15.64 −1.04
73  Montenegro 15.09 −0.99
74  Cyprus 14.68 −0.95
75  Nicaragua 14.62 −0.94
76  Northern Cyprus 14.51 −0.93
77  Namibia 14.49 −0.93
78  Papua New Guinea 14.45 −0.93
79  Eritrea 14.43 −0.92
80  Israel 14.32 −0.91
81  Croatia 14.15 −0.90
82  Poland 14.09 −0.89
83  Palestine 13.99 −0.88
84  Singapore 13.89 −0.87
85  Ghana 13.73 −0.86
86  Romania 13.67 −0.85
87  Georgia 13.65 −0.85
88  San Marino 13.51 −0.83
89  Oman 13.44 −0.83
90  Malaysia 13.31 −0.81
91  Paraguay 13.23 −0.81
92  Jamaica 13.17 −0.80
93  Italy 13.11 −0.79
94  Mozambique 12.70 −0.75
95  Costa Rica 12.63 −0.75
96  Albania 12.60 −0.74
97  Greece 12.56 −0.74
98  Botswana 12.47 −0.73
99  Argentina 12.44 −0.73
100  Slovenia 12.32 −0.72
101  Latvia 12.14 −0.70
102  Slovakia 12.10 −0.70
103  Kyrgyzstan 12.09 −0.69
104  Brazil 12.06 −0.69
105  Kazakhstan 12.01 −0.69
106  Venezuela 11.96 −0.68
107  Hungary 11.93 −0.68
108  Azerbaijan 11.87 −0.67
109  Czech Republic 11.49 −0.64
110  Moldova 11.49 −0.64
111  Chad 11.27 −0.61
112  Japan 11.26 −0.61
113  Vatican City 11.10 −0.60
114  Timor-Leste 10.96 −0.58
115  Liechtenstein 10.82 −0.57
116  Ukraine 10.81 −0.57
117  Niger 10.56 −0.54
118  Ivory Coast 10.45 −0.53
119  Turkmenistan 10.38 −0.53
120  São Tomé and Príncipe 10.28 −0.52
121  Sudan 10.18 −0.51
122  Tunisia 10.18 −0.51
123  Haiti 9.92 −0.48
124  Monaco 9.90 −0.48
125  Belize 9.89 −0.48
126  Sierra Leone 9.87 −0.48
127  Belarus 9.84 −0.47
128  Guinea 9.82 −0.47
129  Madagascar 9.70 −0.46
130  Panama 9.65 −0.46
131  Lithuania 9.53 −0.44
132  Austria 9.52 −0.44
133  Liberia 9.39 −0.43
134  Russia 9.30 −0.42
135  Uruguay 9.08 −0.40
136  Somalia 8.90 −0.38
137  Libya 8.89 −0.38
138  Belgium 8.82 −0.37
139  Switzerland 8.73 −0.37
140  Andorra 8.72 −0.36
141  Burkina Faso 8.66 −0.36
142  Germany 8.51 −0.34
143  Netherlands 8.49 −0.34
144  France 8.45 −0.34
145  United Kingdom 8.28 −0.32
146  Maldives 8.20 −0.31
147  Mayotte 8.15 −0.31
148  Cayman Islands 8.00 −0.29
149  Luxembourg 8.00 −0.29
150  Guinea-Bissau 7.94 −0.29
151  Dominican Republic 7.86 −0.28
152  Spain 7.50 −0.24
153  Gibraltar 7.30 −0.23
154  Malta 7.16 −0.21
155  Guyana 7.15 −0.21
156  Denmark 7.08 −0.20
157  Morocco 7.06 −0.20
158  Solomon Islands 7.02 −0.20
159  Comoros 6.99 −0.20
160  United States 6.91 −0.19
161  Gambia 6.86 −0.18
162  Mali 6.63 −0.16
163  Cuba 6.34 −0.13
164  Brunei 6.33 −0.13
165  Algeria 6.14 −0.11
166  Suriname 6.05 −0.10
167  Canada 6.04 −0.10
168  Portugal 5.67 −0.07
169  Senegal 5.67 −0.07
170  Mauritius 5.65 −0.06
171  Estonia 5.61 −0.06
172  French Guiana 5.53 −0.05
173  Ireland 5.41 −0.04
174  Vanuatu 5.12 −0.01
175  Seychelles 4.96 0.00
176  Norway 4.88 0.00
177  Sweden 4.86 0.00
178  Western Sahara 4.84 0.00
179  Finland 4.37 0.00
180  Trinidad and Tobago 3.90 0.00
181  Curaçao 3.70 0.00
182  New Zealand 3.69 0.00
183  Mauritania 3.51 0.00
184  Aruba 3.40 0.00
185  Australia 3.36 0.00
186  Fiji 3.23 0.00
187  Bahamas 3.11 0.00
188  Iceland 2.90 0.00
189  Bermuda 2.80 0.00
190  Réunion 2.74 0.00
191  Martinique 2.72 0.00
192  Faroe Islands 2.61 0.00
193  Falklands 2.60 0.00
194  Palau 2.40 0.00
195  Saint Kitts and Nevis 2.40 0.00
196  Dominica 2.34 0.00
197  Puerto Rico 2.21 0.00
198  Grenada 2.19 0.00
199  Cape Verde 2.18 0.00
200  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines 2.15 0.00
201  Saint Lucia 2.02 0.00
202  Barbados 2.00 0.00
203  Tonga 1.98 0.00
204  Antigua and Barbuda 1.79 0.00
205  US Virgin Islands 1.75 0.00
206  Samoa 1.69 0.00
207  Tuvalu 1.56 0.00
208  British Virgin Islands 1.52 0.00
209  French Polynesia 1.40 0.00
210  American Samoa 1.40 0.00
211  Guam 1.19 0.00
212  Nauru 1.18 0.00
213  Cook Islands 1.13 0.00
214  Greenland 1.11 0.00
215  Marshall Islands 1.02 0.00
216  Federated States of Micronesia 0.94 0.00
217  Kiribati 0.90 0.00

List (2018−2023)

[edit]

All data are valid for the year 2018-2023 and are taken from the IQAir 2023 World Air Quality Ranking[3][4][5][6]

List of Countries/Regions by particulate matter (PM2.5)
in (μg/m3)
Rank Country/Region 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 Population
1  Bangladesh 97.1 83.3 77.1 76.9 65.8 79.9 173,562,364
2  Pakistan 74.3 65.8 59 66.8 70.9 73.7 231,402,117
3  India 72.5 58.1 51.9 58.1 53.3 54.4 1,407,563,842
4  Tajikistan -- -- 30.9 59.4 46 49 9,750,064
5  Burkina Faso -- -- -- -- 63 46.6 22,100,683
6  Iraq -- 39.6 -- 49.7 80.1 43.8 43,533,592
7  United Arab Emirates 49.9 38.9 29.2 36 45.9 43 9,365,145
8  Nepal 54.1 44.5 39.2 46 40.1 42.4 30,034,989
9  Egypt -- 18 -- 29.1 46.5 42.4 109,262,178
10  Democratic Republic of the Congo -- 32.1 -- -- 15.5 40.8 95,894,118
11  Kuwait 56 38.3 34 29.7 55.8 39.9 4,250,114
12  Bahrain 59.8 46.8 39.7 49.8 66.6 39.2 1,463,265
13  Qatar -- -- 44.3 38.2 42.5 37.6 2,688,235
14  Indonesia 42 51.7 40.7 34.3 30.4 37.1 273,753,191
15  Rwanda -- -- -- -- 44 36.8 13,461,888
16  Zimbabwe -- -- -- -- -- 33.3 15,993,524
17  Ghana -- 30.3 26.9 25.9 30.2 33.2 32,833,031
18  Kyrgyzstan -- 33.2 43.5 50.8 31.1 33.1 6,691,800
19  China 41.2 39.1 34.7 32.6 30.6 32.5 1,412,360,000
20  Libya -- -- -- -- -- 30.4 6,735,277
21  Laos -- 23.1 22.4 21.5 27.6 29.6 7,275,556
22  Vietnam 32.9 34.1 28 24.7 27.2 29.6 97,468,029
23  Uzbekistan 34.3 41.2 29.9 42.8 33.5 28.6 34,915,100
24  Gambia -- -- -- -- -- 28.5 2,639,916
25  Myanmar -- 31 29.4 25.9 24.3 28.2 53,798,084
26  Senegal -- -- 11.2 -- 20.4 28.2 16,876,720
27  Bosnia Herzegovina 40 34.6 40.6 27.8 33.6 27.5 3,270,943
28  Uganda 40.8 29.1 26.1 27.6 39.6 27.3 45,853,778
29  Ethiopia 27.1 20.1 14.7 23.9 31.3 27 120,283,026
30  Saudi Arabia -- 22.1 23.3 32.7 41.5 26.5 35,950,396
31  Armenia -- 25.5 24.9 33.9 31.4 26.4 2,790,974
32  North Macedonia 35.5 32.4 30.6 25.4 25.6 25.2 2,065,092
33  Zambia -- -- -- -- 24.6 24.1 19,473,125
34  Cameroon -- -- -- -- -- 24 27,198,628
35  Nigeria 44.8 21.4 -- 34 36.9 23.9 213,401,323
36  Thailand 26.4 24.3 21.4 20.2 18.1 23.3 71,601,103
37  Cambodia 20.1 21.1 21.1 19.8 8.3 22.8 16,589,023
38  Malaysia -- 19.4 15.6 19.4 17.7 22.5 33,573,874
39  Mongolia 58.5 62 46.6 33.1 29.5 22.5 3,347,782
40  Kazakhstan 29.8 23.6 21.9 31.1 23 22.2 19,000,988
41  Montenegro -- -- 26.1 35.2 15.7 21.3 619,211
42  Madagascar -- -- 20 21 23.7 20.6 28,915,653
43  Serbia 23.9 23.3 24.3 25.5 24.7 20.5 6,834,326
44  Turkey 21.9 20.6 18.7 20 21.1 20.3 84,775,404
45  Taiwan 18.5 17.2 15 16.2 13.4 20.2 23,816,775
46  Mexico 20.3 20 18.9 19.3 19.5 20.1 126,705,138
47  South Africa -- 21.6 18 22.7 23.4 19.9 59,392,255
48  El Salvador -- -- -- -- 14.2 19.5 6,314,167
49  Sri Lanka 32 25.2 22.4 17.4 20.7 19.3 22,156,000
50  South Korea 24 24.8 19.5 19.1 18.3 19.2 51,744,876
51  Peru 28 23.3 17.9 29.6 23.5 18.8 33,715,471
52  Azerbaijan -- -- -- 17.6 18.9 18.8 10,137,750
53  Chile 24.9 22.6 19.3 21.7 22.2 18.8 19,493,184
54  Guatemala -- 20.2 19.2 19.5 18.6 18.7 17,109,746
55  Palestinian Territory -- -- -- -- -- 18.6 3,000,021
56  Israel 18.6 20.8 16.9 18.7 18.8 17.8 9,364,000
57  Greece -- 22.5 18.4 19 19 17.4 10,641,221
58  Guyana -- -- -- -- 12.6 17.1 804,567
59  Gabon -- -- -- -- 25 16.9 2,341,179
60  Albania -- -- 16 12.5 14.5 16.7 2,811,666
61  Ivory Coast -- -- 21.9 -- 22.5 16.6 29,389,150
62  Georgia -- 20.1 20.4 21 17 16.4 3,708,610
63  Togo -- -- -- -- -- 16.3 8,644,829
64  Macao SAR 21.2 23.5 17.8 17 15.4 16.2 686,607
65  Moldova -- -- -- -- 22.6 15.7 2,615,199
66  Nicaragua -- -- -- -- 8.9 15.7 6,850,540
67  Romania 18.6 18.3 15.8 15.3 17.2 15.7 19,119,880
68  Hong Kong SAR 20.2 20.3 15.4 15.9 14.5 15.6 7,413,100
69  Maldives -- -- -- -- 10.9 15.3 521,457
70  Honduras -- -- -- 11.8 10.2 15.1 10,278,345
71  Italy 14.9 17.1 18.5 15.2 18.9 15 59,109,668
72  Slovenia -- -- -- 13.3 15.1 14.9 2,108,079
73  Cyprus 17.6 19.7 15.8 14.8 15.6 14.3 1,244,188
74  Poland 22.4 18.7 16.9 19.1 16.3 14.1 37,747,124
75  Colombia 13.9 14.6 15.6 14.1 15.7 14.1 51,516,562
76  Guinea -- -- -- -- -- 13.9 13,531,906
77  Croatia 22.2 19.1 21.2 25.4 23.5 13.8 3,899,000
78  Algeria -- 21.2 20.2 20 17.8 13.8 44,177,969
79  Philippines 14.6 17.6 12.8 15.6 14.9 13.5 113,880,328
80  Singapore 14.8 19 11.8 13.8 13.3 13.4 5,453,566
81  Bulgaria 25.8 25.5 27.5 16.3 18.3 13.2 6,877,743
82  Slovakia 18.5 16.1 15.3 16 14.5 13.1 5,447,247
83  Brazil 16.3 15.8 14.2 13.6 12.2 12.6 214,326,223
84  Bolivia -- -- -- -- 7.3 12.6 12,079,472
85  Kosovo 30.4 23.5 20 14.7 14.7 12.1 1,786,038
86  Malta 11 9.4 11.8 13.5 11.7 12 518,536
87  Hungary 16.8 14.6 14.3 15.5 12.6 12 9,709,891
88  Uruguay -- -- -- 14.2 11.3 11.7 3,426,260
89  Czech Republic 20.2 14.4 12.3 13.9 13.4 11.5 10,505,772
90  Kenya -- -- 14.2 14.3 11.5 10.6 53,005,614
91  Suriname -- -- -- -- 7 10.6 612,985
92  Lithuania 17.5 14.5 11.7 13.2 13.2 10.4 2,800,839
93  Canada 7.9 7.7 7.3 8.5 7.4 10.3 38,246,108
94  Russia 11.4 9.9 9.3 12.3 11.2 10 143,449,286
95  Spain 10.3 9.7 10.4 10.7 10.9 9.9 47,415,750
96  Japan 12 11.4 9.8 9.1 9.1 9.6 125,681,593
97  Panama -- -- -- -- 9 9.6 4,351,267
98  Austria 15 12.2 10.9 11.4 10.6 9.6 8,955,797
99  France 13.2 12.3 11.1 11.4 11.5 9.5 67,749,632
100  Belgium 13.5 12.5 8.9 11.5 10.8 9.4 11,592,952
101  Argentina -- 14.6 14.2 8.2 7.7 9.2 45,808,747
102  USA 9.1 9 9.6 10.3 8.9 9.1 331,893,745
103  Germany 13 11 10.1 10.6 11 9 83,196,078
104  Switzerland 11.6 10.9 9 10.8 10 8.9 8,703,405
105  Luxembourg 11.2 9.6 9 9 7.4 8.9 640,064
106  Netherlands 11.7 10.9 9.7 11.3 11 8.7 17,533,044
107  Ukraine 14 16.6 19.2 18.5 9.7 8.6 43,792,855
108  Belize -- -- -- -- 5.6 8.3 400,031
109  Latvia -- 13.3 11.3 -- 10.1 8 1,884,490
110  Andorra -- -- 7.4 7.3 5.4 7.9 79,034
111  Angola -- 15.9 13 11 8.8 7.8 34,503,774
112  United Kingdom 10.8 10.5 8.3 8.8 8.9 7.7 67,326,569
113  Denmark -- 9.6 9.4 9.6 8.6 7.7 5,856,733
114  Anguilla -- -- -- -- -- 7.4 15,094
115  Ecuador -- 8.6 7.6 8.4 -- 7.4 17,797,737
116  Liechtenstein -- -- -- 7.2 8.3 7.2 39,039
117  Jamaica -- -- -- -- -- 7.1 2,827,695
118  Portugal 9.4 9.3 9.1 7.1 8.1 6.8 10,325,147
119  Ireland 9.5 10.6 8.6 8 7.5 6.3 5,033,165
120  Norway 7.6 6.9 5.7 7.5 7 6.3 5,408,320
121  Costa Rica -- 10.4 8.2 7.8 7.9 6.1 5,153,957
122  Trinidad and Tobago -- -- -- 7.1 5.1 5.8 1,525,663
123  Bahamas -- 3.3 -- 5.5 -- 5.2 407,906
124  Sweden 7.4 6.6 5 6.6 6.2 5.1 10,415,811
125  Finland 6.6 5.6 5 5.5 5 4.9 5,541,017
126  Estonia 7.2 6.2 5.9 5.9 4.9 4.7 1,330,932
127  Puerto Rico 13.7 10.2 3.7 4.8 4.3 4.5 3,263,584
128  Australia 6.8 8 7.6 5.7 4.2 4.5 25,688,079
129  New Zealand 7.7 7.5 7 6.8 4.8 4.3 5,122,600
130  Bermuda -- -- -- -- 3 4.1 63,867
131  Grenada -- -- -- 5.5 3.8 4.1 124,610
132  Iceland 5 5.5 7.2 6.1 3.4 4 372,520
133  Mauritius -- -- -- -- -- 3.5 1,266,060
134  French Polynesia -- -- -- -- 2.5 3.2 304,032

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Ritchie, Hannah; Roser, Max (2013-11-16). "Indoor Air Pollution". Our World in Data.
  2. ^ "The Air Quality Life Index (AQLI)". AQLI. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  3. ^ "World's Most Polluted Countries in 2023 - PM2.5 Ranking | IQAir".
  4. ^ "The Air Quality Life Index (AQLI)". AQLI. Retrieved 2023-03-08.
  5. ^ "World's Most Polluted Countries in 2022 - PM2.5 Ranking | IQAir". www.iqair.com. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
  6. ^ ."Most Polluted Countries 2023". worldpopulationreview.com. Retrieved 2023-06-29.
[edit]
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