List of cities claimed to be built on seven hills
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (September 2023) |
The title City of Seven Hills usually refers to Rome, which was founded on seven hills. However, there are many other cities that make the same claim.[1]
Africa
[edit]
- Ceuta, Spain[citation needed]
- Ibadan, Nigeria – Built on Oke Padre, Oke Ado, Oke Bola, Oke Mapo, Oke Are, Oke Sapati, Oke Mokola.[2][3]
- Kampala, Uganda[4] – The hills are Mengo, Lubaga, Namirembe, Old Kampala, Kibuli, Nakasero and Makerere
- Yaoundé, Cameroon[5]
Sunset view of hills in the city of Yaounde
Americas
[edit]- Albany, New York[6]
- Athens, Texas[7]
- Asunción, Paraguay[8]
- Chicontepec, Mexico, whose name is Nahuatl for "on seven hills"[9]
- Cincinnati, Ohio (now encompasses more than seven)[10][11]
- Dubuque, Iowa[12]
- Ellicott City, Maryland[13]
- Guaranda, Ecuador[14][15]
- Kernersville, North Carolina[citation needed]
- Lynchburg, Virginia – College Hill, Garland Hill, Daniel's Hill, Federal Hill, Diamond Hill, White Rock Hill, and Franklin Hill were the original "Seven Hills" of the City of Lynchburg.[16]
- Nevada City, California – Built upon Aristocracy Hill, American Hill, Piety Hill, Prospect Hill, Wet Hill, Cement Hill, and Lost Hill. There is also a middle school and business district called Seven Hills.[citation needed]
- Newton, Massachusetts[citation needed]
- Nixa, Missouri[citation needed]
- Port Washington, Wisconsin – The seven hills comprise two High School Hills, North Bluff Hill, South Hill, St. Mary's Hill, Billy Goat Hill and Sweet Cake Hill.[citation needed]
- Pottsville, Pennsylvania – Built on Lawton's Hill, Greenwood Hill, Bunker Hill (Sharp Mountain), Guinea Hill, Forest Hills, Cottage Hill and Mount Hope.[citation needed]
- Providence, Rhode Island – Built on Christian Hill, College Hill, Constitution Hill, Federal Hill, Smith Hill, Tockwotten Hill, and Weybosset Hill.[17]
- Richmond, Virginia – Built on numerous hills and escarpments to include Union Hill, Church Hill, Council Chamber Hill, Shockoe Hill, Gambles Hill, Navy Hill and Oregon Hill.[18]
- Rome, Georgia[citation needed]
- Saint Paul, Minnesota – The exact list of seven hills varies, but every list includes Cathedral Hill, Capitol Hill, Dayton's Bluff, Crocus Hill (sometimes also called St. Clair), and Williams Hill—which is no longer a hill.[19]
- Valera, Trujillo, Venezuela[20]
- San Francisco, California (see List of hills in San Francisco)[citation needed]
- Seattle, Washington (see Seven hills of Seattle)[citation needed]
- Seven Hills, Ohio[citation needed]
- Somerville, Massachusetts – Built on Clarendon Hill, College Hill, Spring Hill, Winter Hill, Central Hill, Plowed Hill, Cobble Hill.[21]
- Staten Island, New York – Fort Hill, Ward Hill, Fox Hill, Grymes Hill, Emerson Hill, Todt Hill, and Richmond Hill.[citation needed]
- Tallahassee, Florida – Goodwood Plantation, Old Fort Park, Mission San Luis, Old Capitol, The Grove, FAMU (Lee Hall), FSU (Westcott Hall)[22]
- Victoria, Argentina[23]
- Washington, D.C. – Built on Capitol Hill, Meridian Hill, Floral Hills, Forest Hills, Hillbrook, Hillcrest, and Knox Hill.[citation needed]
- Worcester, Massachusetts – Built on Pakachoag (Mount St. James), Sagatabscot (Union Hill), Hancock Hill, Chandler Hill (Belmosy Hill), Green Hill, Bancroft Hill, and Newton Hill[24]
- Yonkers, New York[25][26]
Eurasia
[edit]Asia
[edit]- Shimla, India – The seven hills are Jakhu Hill, Summer Hill, Bantony Hill, Inveram Hill, Elisium Hill, Observatory Hill and Prospect Hill.
- Amman, Jordan:[27] the seven hills are Qusur, Jufa, Taj, Nazha, Nasser, Natheef, and al-Akhdar.[28][29]
- Bhopal, India
- Jerusalem – Jerusalem's seven hills are Mount Scopus, Mount Olivet and the Mount of Corruption (all three are peaks in a mountain ridge that lies east of the Old City), Mount Ophel, the original Mount Zion, the New Mount Zion and the hill on which the Antonia Fortress was built.
- Shefa-Amr
- Macau
- Mecca, Saudi Arabia
- Mumbai Saat Dweep Samuh (now joined into a peninsula)
- Tehran, Iran
- Kottayam, India
- Thiruvananthapuram, India
- Tirumala, India – One of the hill towns of Tirumala is where the Temple of Seven Hills, the Tirumala Venkateswara, is located. This temple is one of the most active places of worship in the world.
Europe
[edit]- Aalten, Netherlands – Village (no town privileges) said to be built on seven hills.[30]
- Abergavenny, South Wales, United Kingdom
- Armagh, in Northern Ireland, United Kingdom
- Athens, Greece. The historical seven hills of Athens are Acropolis, Areopagus, Philopappou, Hill of the Nymphs, Pnyx, Lycabettus, and Tourkovounia.
- Bamberg, Bavaria, Germany, The seven hills of Bamberg are; Cathedral Hill, Michaelsberg, Kaulberg/Obere Pfarre, Stefansberg, Jakobsberg, Altenburger Hill, and Abtsberg.
- Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain, is said to be built on Turó del Carmel, Turó de la Rovira, Turó de la Creueta del Coll, Turó de la Peira, Turó del Putxet, Turó de Monterols and Turó de Modolell.[31] Others exclude the latter and include Montjuïc and Mont Tàber, the 17 m hill where the Roman city of Barcino was built.[32]
- Bath, England, United Kingdom
- Besançon, France
- Bergamo, Lombardy, Italy
- Bergen, Norway – Built not on but between seven mountains. See Seven Mountains, Bergen.
- Bristol, England, United Kingdom[33]
- Brussels, Belgium – Said to be built on St. Michielsberg, Koudenberg, Warmoesberg, Kruidtuin, Kunstberg, Zavel and St. Pietersberg
- Bucharest, Romania
- Cagliari, Sardinia, Italy
- Cáceres, Spain[34]
- Cherdyn, Russia
- Chișinău, Moldova
- Cosenza, Calabria, Italy
- Durham, England, United Kingdom
- Edinburgh, Scotland, United Kingdom (see Hills of Edinburgh)
- Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland
- Iaşi, Romania (see Seven hills of Iaşi)
- Istanbul, Turkey (see Seven hills of Istanbul)
- Kaposvár, Hungary
- Kyiv, Ukraine Borichev, Shchekovitsa, Starokievska and Khorevitsa.[35]
- Lisbon, Portugal, São Jorge, São Vicente, Sant'Ana, Santo André, Chagas, Santa Catarina, São Roque
- Lviv, Ukraine
- Liverpool, UK[36]
- Madrid, Spain[37]
- Maribor, Slovenia, seven hills are Pohorje, Kozjak, Kalvarija, Mestni vrh, Piramida, Meljski hrib and Pekrska gorca.
- Moscow, Russia (See Seven hills of Moscow)
- Nijmegen, Netherlands – Seven hills within the 16c–19c city wall: Geertruidsberg, Hofberg (Valkhof), Lindenberg, Jansberg, Hundisberg, Hessenberg and a) Marienberg[38] or b) Hoofdberg.[39]
- Nitra, Slovakia
- Plovdiv, Bulgaria – Was originally built on seven hills but now only has six due to one being destroyed in the early 20th century (Markovo tepe)
- Plymouth, England, United Kingdom
- Prague, Czech Republic – Said to be built on seven or nine hills: Hradčany, Vítkov, (Opyš), Větrov, Skalka, (Emauzy), Vyšehrad, Karlov and Petřín
- Pula, Croatia
- Rome, Lazio, Italy (see Seven hills of Rome)
- Saint-Étienne, France
- Sandomierz, Poland
- Sheffield, England, United Kingdom
- Siegen, Germany[40]
- Smolensk, Russia
- Telšiai, Lithuania
- Toulon, France
- Tulle, France
- Turku, Finland
- Ufa, Russia
- Veszprém, Hungary
- Vilnius, Lithuania
- Vladimir, Russia
- Zevenbergen, Netherlands, Oronyms unknown, except Molenberg[41]
Oceania
[edit]- Brisbane, (Seven Hills), Australia
- Western Sydney, Australia – The seven or eight hills are found in Sydney's northwestern suburbs: Castle Hill, Baulkham Hills, Rooty Hill, Seven Hills, Prospect Hill, Beaumont Hills, Rouse Hill and Constitution Hill.[42]
See also
[edit]- Seven Hills
- Revelation 17 – Mentions a beast on seven hills
References
[edit]- ^ Malinowski, Gosciwit (2017). "Septimontium (Seven Hills) as conditio sine qua non for a City to Pretend to be a Capital". Horizons. 8 (1): 3–26 – via Academia.edu.
- ^ "The Postgraduate School – Home". Archived from the original on 14 October 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
- ^ Ibadan, City Of Rust And Shine On 7 Hills naijabizideas.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ Anouk Zijlma: Africa's Capital Cities Archived 6 September 2016 at the Wayback Machine goafrica.about.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ afro legends Why the name: Yaoundé? afrolegends.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ "Learn About Albany, NY's Amazing History and Architecture". Albany County Convention & Visitors Bureau. Retrieved 8 June 2011.
- ^ Morthland, J. (March 2013). "Foreign Accents". Texas Co-op Power.
- ^ "Paraguay – Meetings Incentives Conventions Events" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 October 2017.
- ^ Luis Enrique Cuervo: The Dream of Chicontepec... Chicontepec according to the Indian náhuatl language means seven hills... 25 January 2013, frc-law.com, accessed 23 February 2019
- ^ "Cincinnati News, Sports and Things to do | Cincinnati Enquirer".
- ^ "7 Hills Of Cincinnati". UC Cincinnati. Archived from the original on 18 December 2005. Retrieved 15 September 2023.
- ^ "SEVEN HILLS – Encyclopedia Dubuque". www.encyclopediadubuque.org. Retrieved 7 December 2022.
- ^ "Museums, Farms, Wineries, and More Sight-Seeing in Howard County, MD". www.visithowardcounty.com.
- ^ "Welcome to Hotel Tambo El Libertador, Guaranda". Archived from the original on 15 October 2013. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
- ^ Welcome to Guaranda lonelyplanet.com/ecuador, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ "25 City Facts | City of Lynchburg, Virginia". www.lynchburgva.gov.
- ^ "The Seven Hills; Rome and Providence". 19 August 2010.
- ^ "The 7 Hills of Richmond". RPL. Archived from the original on 20 February 2006. Retrieved 20 June 2013.
- ^ "St. Paul's 7 hills: There seems to be agreement on 5 of them". MinnPost. 29 July 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ "Valera (Trujillo, Venezuela)". 22 May 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2016.
- ^ "Which of the "Seven Hills" still exist?: Davis_square". Archived from the original on 25 October 2015. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ Richard, Butgereit (5 November 2013). "shrug-l: Tallahassee's Seven Hills".
- ^ Erin McCloskey; Tim Burford (2006). Argentina: The Bradt Travel Guide. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-84162-138-8.
- ^ "Worcester History". Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ DiGiovanni, Nicholas. "City of Gracious Living By Nicholas DiGiovanni". Retrieved 26 January 2011.
- ^ Prudential Centennial Realty. "What Will I Love About Yonkers, NY?". Archived from the original on 15 July 2011.
- ^ Michael Dumper; Bruce E. Stanley (2007). Cities of the Middle East and North Africa: A Historical Encyclopedia. ABC-CLIO. p. 35. ISBN 978-1-57607-919-5.
- ^ "الصفحة غير موجودة". طقس العرب. 7 March 2013. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ "اسماء جبال عمان". حياتك. 26 July 2018. Retrieved 20 December 2018.
- ^ Verheij, Marie (24 November 2012). "Aalten, net als Jeruzalem op zeven heuvelen gebouwd". Reformatorisch Dagblad.
- ^ Amores, Marcos (22 August 2018). "Els turons barcelonins: quants són? Quin és el més alt? I el més baix?". Betevé (in Catalan). Retrieved 16 August 2020.
- ^ Climent, Eliseu T. (3 June 2019). "El mont Tàber". El Temps (in Catalan). Retrieved 16 August 2020.
- ^ Topographic map of Bristol showing at least seven hills en-gb.topographic-map.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ Las siete colinas de Cáceres elperiodicoextremadura.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ Andrew Gregorovich: LEGEND OF THE FOUNDING OF KYIV 482 A.D. infoukes.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ "Discover Liverpool – Local History Articles". Archived from the original on 22 November 2016. Retrieved 22 November 2016.
- ^ Siete colinas bajo el asfalto elpais.com, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ Delahaye, Albert (28 December 1953). "Is Nijmegen evenals het oude Rome op zeven grote heuvelen gebouwd ?". De Gelderlander. Retrieved 10 August 2024.
- ^ Duchateau, Robert J. (2024). "De zeven heuvels van Nijmegen en Groesbeek". Heuvelbode – via Academia.
- ^ Stadt der sieben Hügel welt.de, accessed 21 February 2019
- ^ Duchateau, Robert J. (2024). "Zevenbergen versus de zeven hoogten van Zyfflich". Heuvelbode.
- ^ J Brook, The Seven Hills: A Village Divided, a Suburb United, the author, Sydney, 2004, p 74–78