James David Barber
James David Barber | |
|---|---|
| Born | July 31, 1930 |
| Died | September 12, 2004 (aged 74) |
| Occupation(s) | Author, political scientist |
| Spouses |
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| Children | 4 |
James David Barber (July 31, 1930 – September 12, 2004) was a political scientist whose book The Presidential Character made him famous for his classification of presidents through their worldviews. From 1977 to 1995, he taught political science at Duke University.
Background
[edit]Barber was born on July 31, 1930, in Charleston, West Virginia, to a physician and a nurse.[1] In the 1950s he served in the United States Army as a counter-intelligence agent before attending the University of Chicago, where he earned a master's degree in political science. He earned a Ph.D. in the same field from Yale University.[when?]
He joined the faculty at Duke University in 1972, and became a full professor there in 1977. Before going to Duke he had taught at Stetson University in DeLand, Florida. [2]
He is credited in the field of political science for being the first[when?] to examine presidents beyond case studies. He devised a system of organizing a president's character into either active-positive, passive-positive, active-negative, or passive-negative.
- Traits of an active-positive president include: a readiness to act, high optimism, and an overall fondness of the presidency. Some examples of presidents Barber cites as active-positive include Franklin D. Roosevelt, Harry S. Truman, John F. Kennedy, Jimmy Carter, and Gerald Ford.
- Traits of a passive-positive president include: a low self-esteem compensated by an ingratiating personality, superficially optimistic, and a desire to please. Examples of passive-positive presidents include William Howard Taft, Ronald Reagan, and Warren G. Harding.
- Traits of an active-negative president include: lack of deriving joy after expending much effort on tasks, aggressive, highly rigid, and having a general view of power as a means to self-realization. Examples of active-negative presidents include Woodrow Wilson, Herbert Hoover, and Richard Nixon.
- Traits of a passive-negative president include: a strong sense of duty, desire to avoid power, low self-esteem compensated by service towards others, and an overall aversion to intense political negotiation. Presidential examples include Calvin Coolidge and Dwight D. Eisenhower.
See also
[edit]- James A. Russell is credited with developing a similar system now termed core affect, published in 1980,[3] as part of their PAD emotional state model
References
[edit]- ^ Bernstein, Adam. (2004). "James Barber Dies; Studied Presidents' Psyches", The Washington Post, .
- ^ Margalit Fox, "James D. Barber, Expert on Presidents, Dies at 74", The New York Times, 15 September 2004.
- ^ Russell, J. A. (1980). "A circumplex model of affect". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 39 (6): 1161–1178. doi:10.1037/h0077714. hdl:10983/22919.
External links
[edit]
- 1930 births
- 2004 deaths
- American political philosophers
- University of Chicago alumni
- Yale Graduate School of Arts and Sciences alumni
- Duke University faculty
- American political writers
- American male non-fiction writers
- Richard Nixon
- Writers from Charleston, West Virginia
- Educators from Charleston, West Virginia
- National Association of Scholars
- Military personnel from Charleston, West Virginia