Inoue Masaru (civil servant)
Inoue Masaru | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | August 25, 1843 Hagi, Yamaguchi, Japan |
| Died | August 2, 1910 (aged 66) London, United Kingdom |
| Occupation | Engineer |
Viscount Inoue Masaru (井上 勝, August 25, 1843 – August 2, 1910) was the first Director of Railways in Japan[1] and is known as the "father of the Japanese railways".
Biography
[edit]He was born into the Chōshū clan at Hagi, Yamaguchi, the son of Katsuyuki Inoue. He was briefly adopted into the Nomura family and became known as Nomura Yakichi, though he was later restored to the Inoue family.
Masaru Inoue was brought up as the son of a samurai belonging to the Chōshū fief. At 15, he entered the Nagasaki Naval Academy established by the Tokugawa shogunate under the direction of a Dutch naval officer. In 1863, Inoue and four friends from the Chōshū clan stowed away on a vessel to the United Kingdom. He studied civil engineering and mining at University College London and returned to Japan in 1868. After working for the government as a technical officer supervising the mining industry, he was appointed Director of the Railway Board in 1871. Inoue played a leading role in Japan's railway planning and construction, including the construction of the Nakasendo Railway, the selection of the alternative route (Tokaido), and the proposals for future mainline railway networks.[1]
In 1891 Masaru Inoue founded Koiwai Farm with Yanosuke Iwasaki and Shin Onogi. After retirement from the government, Inoue founded Kisha Seizo Kaisha, the first locomotive manufacturer in Japan, becoming its first president in 1896. In 1909 he was appointed President of the Imperial Railway Association. He died of an illness in London in 1910, during an official visit on behalf of the Ministry of Railways.[1]
Honors
[edit]Inoue and his friends later came to be known as the Chōshū Five. To commemorate their stay in London, two scholarships, known as the Inoue Masaru Scholarships, are available each session under the University College London 1863 Japan Scholarships scheme to enable University College students to study at a Japanese University. The value of the scholarships are £3000 each.[2]
His tomb is in the triangular area of land where the Tōkaidō Main Line meets the Tōkaidō Shinkansen in Kita-Shinagawa.
These are the four other members of the "Chōshū Five":
- Itō Shunsuke (later Itō Hirobumii)
- Inoue Monta (later Inoue Kaoru)
- Yamao Yōzō who later studied engineering at the Andersonian Institute, Glasgow, 1866-68 while working at the shipyards by day
- Endō Kinsuke
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- Yumiyo Yamamoto, "Inoue Masaru, 'Father' of the Japanese Railways", Ch. 2, Britain & Japan: Biographical Portraits, Volume One, 1994 ed. Ian Nish
- ^ a b c Aoki, Eiichi (1994). "Dawn of Japanese Railways" (PDF). Japan Railway & Transport Review. JRTR. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2010-07-05. Retrieved 2010-09-26.
- ^ "Inoue Masaru Scholarships (UCL 1863 Japan Scholarships)". UCL. Retrieved 21 March 2019.
Japanese wiki [1]
| International | |
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| National | |
| Academics | |
| Other | |
- 1843 births
- 1910 deaths
- Japanese expatriates in the United Kingdom
- Meiji Restoration
- Members of the House of Peers (Japan)
- People of Meiji-period Japan
- Alumni of University College London
- People associated with University College London
- People from Yamaguchi Prefecture
- Kazoku
- Samurai
- Mōri retainers
- History of rail transport in Japan
- Japanese farmers
- Japanese people in rail transport