Global Civilization Initiative
The Global Civilization Initiative (GCI, Chinese: 全球文明倡议) is a diplomatic initiative of the People's Republic of China presented by Xi Jinping in 2023. It complements the Global Security Initiative (GSI) and the Global Development Initiative (GDI) and serves to establish a multipolar world order and to "seek progress for humanity and harmony for the entire world".[1][2]
Concept
[edit]In March 2023, Chinese president Xi Jinping presented the initiative in a speech in Beijing, which is largely based on his thought on diplomacy. In his speech, Xi emphasized that “Countries need to uphold the principles of equality, mutual learning, dialogue and inclusiveness among civilizations, and let cultural exchanges transcend estrangement, mutual learning transcend clashes, and inclusiveness transcend any sense of superiority.” In doing so, states should not try to impose their values and social models on others, but should instead respect the sovereignty of each state and allow it to chart its own path to modernization, taking into account national peculiarities. The “common values of humanity” should serve as a guiding principle in international politics. These are “peace, development, equity, justice, democracy and freedom.”[3]
As steps to implement its initiative, China began to expand youth exchange programs and to grant visa-free entry to citizens of a number of countries to strengthen its soft power. In addition to Thailand, the Maldives and the United Arab Emirates, these also included Western countries such as France, Germany and Italy.[4]
Reception
[edit]Western think tanks such as the Atlantic Council interpreted the initiative as an attempt to replace the “universal values” propagated by Western states, such as democracy and human rights, with absolute national sovereignty and “traditional values”.[1] The Heritage Foundation saw China's positioning as part of a global “cultural war” in which initiatives such as the GCI are intended to help it to win over the global south and to achieve its own “cultural hegemony” over a West that the Chinese leadership views as decadent.[5] An opinion piece in The Diplomat noted that Xi's proclaimed rejection of aggressive hegemony does not fit with China's policies towards its neighbors in the South China Sea, nor does its persecution of Uyghurs with its professed “respect for diversity.”[6]
Chinese state media responded to the initiative with the enthusiasm that could be expected. The Global Times, for example, dedicated a series of articles titled “Xivilization”, alluding to Xi Jinping's family name.[7] The initiative has been well received in some global south countries. The Pakistani Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad called it “important idea aimed at shaping the future for a better world”.[8]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Andrea Ratiu (2023-06-21). "How Beijing's newest global initiatives seek to remake the world order". Atlantic Council. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ 宋婧祎. "China's initiatives promote harmony in world". enapp.chinadaily.com.cn. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ 陈子琰. "Xi: Diversity key to modernization". Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ "3 things to know about China's Global Civilization Initiative". Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ Nathan Levine. "China and the Global Culture War: Western Civilizational Turmoil and Beijing's Strategic Calculus". Heritage Foundation. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ "The Trouble With China's Global Civilization Initiative". Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ James Palmer (2025-02-11). "Why Xi Is Rebranding Chinese Cultural History". Foreign Policy. Retrieved 2025-01-28.
- ^ Asad ullah Khan (2024-07-25). "Issue Brief on "XIPLOMACY: China's Global Civilization Initiative" | Institute of Strategic Studies Islamabad". Retrieved 2025-01-28.
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