Euploea

Euploea
	Long-branded blue crow (E. algea menetriesii), Phi Phi, Thailand
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Arthropoda
Class:	Insecta
Order:	Lepidoptera
Family:	Nymphalidae
Subfamily:	Danainae
Tribe:	Danaini
Subtribe:	Euploeina
Genus:	Euploea; Fabricius, 1807
Type species
	Papilio corus; Fabricius, 1793
Synonyms
	Anadara Moore, 1883; Doricha Moore, 1883;

Euploea is a genus of milkweed butterflies. The species are generally dark in coloration, often quite blackish, for which reason they are commonly called crows. As usual for their subfamily, they are poisonous due to feeding on milkweeds and other toxic plants as caterpillars. The latter are aposematically colored to warn off predators from eating them, and the adult butterflies are often mimicked by unrelated species which are not or less poisonous.

Species

Listed alphabetically.^[3]^{[as of?]}

Euploea albicosta – Biak dark crow
Euploea alcathoe – no-brand crow, striped black crow
- Euploea alcathoe enastri – Gove crow
Euploea algea – long-branded blue crow, mournful crow, Algea crow
Euploea andamanensis – Andaman crow
Euploea asyllus
Euploea batesii
Euploea blossomae – Schaus's crow
Euploea boisduvali
Euploea caespes – Murphy's crow
Euploea camaralzeman – Malayan crow
Euploea climena
Euploea configurata – Sulawesi striped blue crow
Euploea cordelia – Cordelia crow
Euploea core – common crow
Euploea crameri – spotted black crow
Euploea darchia – small brown crow
Euploea dentiplaga – Seram crow
Euploea desjardinsii
Euploea doretta – Pagenstecher's crow
Euploea doubledayi – striped black crow
Euploea eboraci – Bismark crow
Euploea eleusina – Vollenhov's crow
Euploea eunice – blue-banded king crow
Euploea eupator – Vanoort's crow
Euploea euphon – Mascarene crow
Euploea eurianassa
Euploea eyndhovii
Euploea gamelia – Javan crow
Euploea goudotii
Euploea hewitsonii – Hewitson's dwarf crow
Euploea klugii – blue king crow
Euploea lacon – Spartan crow
Euploea latifasciata – Weymer's crow, broad-banded crow
Euploea leucostictos – orange-flash crow
Euploea lewinii
Euploea magou – magou crow
Euploea martinii – Sumatran crow
Euploea midamus – blue spotted crow
Euploea mitra – Seychelles crow
Euploea modesta
Euploea morosa
Euploea mulciber – striped blue crow
Euploea nechos
Euploea netscheri
Euploea orontobates

Euploea phaenareta – great crow,^[4] large crow
- Euploea phaenareta juvia – Taiwan or juvia large crow, extinct (1960s)
Euploea radamanthus – magpie crow
Euploea redtenbacheri – Malayan crow, Redtenbacher's crow
?Euploea rogeri
Euploea stephensii
Euploea swainson – Swainson's crow
Euploea sylvester – double-branded crow
Euploea tobleri – Tobler's crow
Euploea transfixa
Euploea treitschkei
Euploea tripunctata – Biak threespot crow
Euploea tulliolus – eastern brown crow, dwarf crow
Euploea usipetes
Euploea wallacei
Euploea westwoodii – Westwood's king crow

Nomenclature

This genus has a large number of junior synonyms, due in part to Moore^[5] committing what probably ranks as one of the most drastic cases of oversplitting in the history of zoology:^{[citation needed]}

Crastia Hübner, 1816
Trepsichrois Hübner, 1816
Salpinx Hübner, 1819
Eudaemon Billberg, 1820
Terpsichrois Hübner, 1821 (lapsus)
Euplaea Boisduval, 1832 (lapsus)
Calliploea Butler, 1875
Macroploea Butler, 1878
Stictoploea Butler, 1878
Euplea W.F. Kirby, 1879 (lapsus)
Adigama Moore, 1880
Andasena Moore, 1883
Betanga Moore, 1883
Bibisana Moore, 1883
Chanapa Moore, 1883
Chirosa Moore, 1883
Danisepa Moore, 1883
Deragena Moore, 1883
Gamatoba Moore, 1883
Glinama Moore, 1883
Hirdapa Moore, 1883
Isamia Moore, 1883
Karadira Moore, 1883
Lontara Moore, 1883
Mahintha Moore, 1883
Menama Moore, 1883
Mestapra Moore, 1883
Nacamsa Moore, 1883
Narmada Moore, 1880
Nipara Moore, 1883
Oranasma Moore, 1883
Pademma Moore, 1883
Patosa Moore, 1883
Penoa Moore, 1883
Pramasa Moore, 1883
Pramesta Moore, 1883
Rasuma Moore, 1883
Sabanosa Moore, 1883
Saphara Moore, 1883
Sarobia Moore, 1883
Satanga Moore, 1883
Selinda Moore, 1883
Tabada Moore, 1883
Tagata Moore, 1883
Tiruna Moore, 1883
Tronga Moore, 1883
Vadebra Moore, 1883
Vonona Moore, 1883
Anadara Moore, 1883 (non Gray, 1847: preoccupied)
Doricha Moore, 1883 (non Reichenbach, 1853: preoccupied)
Karadina Moore, 1891 (lapsus)
Chirosia Sharp, 1904 (lapsus)
Daniseppa Fruhstorfer, 1910 (lapsus)
Pamasa Fruhstorfer, 1910 (lapsus)
Rausuma Fruhstorfer, 1910 (lapsus)
Ironga Martin, 1914 (lapsus)
Makroploea Martin, 1915 (lapsus)
Eupolea Hulstaert, 1931 (lapsus)
Ramasa Hulstaert, 1931 (lapsus)

References

^ ^a ^b Euploea at Butterflies and Moths of the World, Natural History Museum
^ Hemming, Francis (1945). "Opinion 163. Suspension of the Rules for Euploea Fabricius, 1807 (Class Insecta, Order Lepidoptera)". Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 2 (33): 338–343.
^ "Euploea Fabricius, 1807" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms
^ Kirton, Laurence G. (2014). A Naturalist's Guide to the Butterflies of Peninsular Malayasia, Singapore and Thailand. Oxford:John Beaufoy Publ., p.55.
^ Frederic Moore (1883). "A Monograph of Limnaina and Euploeina, two Groups of diurnal Lepidoptera belonging to the Subfamily Euploeinae; with Descriptions of new Genera and Species". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1883 (3): 253–324.

External links

Danaini classification
Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms: Preliminary species list. Version of May 6, 2007. Retrieved May 20, 2007.
Media related to Euploea at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Euploea at Wikispecies

[ButMoth-1] Euploea at Butterflies and Moths of the World, Natural History Museum

[ICZN,_1945-2] Hemming, Francis (1945). "Opinion 163. Suspension of the Rules for Euploea Fabricius, 1807 (Class Insecta, Order Lepidoptera)". Opinions and Declarations Rendered by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature. 2 (33): 338–343.

[3] "Euploea Fabricius, 1807" at Markku Savela's Lepidoptera and Some Other Life Forms

[4] Kirton, Laurence G. (2014). A Naturalist's Guide to the Butterflies of Peninsular Malayasia, Singapore and Thailand. Oxford:John Beaufoy Publ., p.55.

[5] Frederic Moore (1883). "A Monograph of Limnaina and Euploeina, two Groups of diurnal Lepidoptera belonging to the Subfamily Euploeinae; with Descriptions of new Genera and Species". Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London. 1883 (3): 253–324.

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