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Enoplophthalmus

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Enoplophthalmus
Temporal range: Early Oligocene to Early Miocene[1]
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Osmeriformes
Family: Osmeridae
Genus: †Enoplophthalmus
Sauvage, 1880
Type species
†Enoplophthalmus schlumbergeri
Sauvage, 1880
Species
  • †E. alsaticus Gaudant, 1984
  • †E. rhenanus (Weiler, 1963)
  • †E. robustus (Weiler, 1963)
  • †E. schlumbergeri Sauvage, 1880

Enoplophthalmus is an extinct genus of prehistoric freshwater smelt that inhabited Europe during the Oligocene and early Miocene epoches, from the Rupelian to the Aquitanian.[1][2] It appears to be closely related to the modern capelin (Mallotus villosus).[3] Until the description of the Paleocene-aged Speirsaenigma from Canada, it was the oldest known fossil smelt genus.[4]

The following species are known:[5]

Indeterminate otoliths of this genus are known from Romania.[5]

Alongside Dapalis, Enoplopthalmus appears to have been one of the dominant freshwater fishes that inhabited Europe during the late Paleogene and early Neogene. Uniquely, Enoplopthalmus is most closely related to capelin, a fish of northern temperate and Arctic affinities, while Dapalis was related to the glassfishes, which are a mainly tropical group today. This indicates that there was significantly less provincialism in fish distribution during the mid-Cenozoic, allowing for these now widely separated groups to coexist.[3]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b Sepkoski, Jack (2002). "A compendium of fossil marine animal genera". Bulletins of American Paleontology. 364: 560. Archived from the original on 2011-07-23. Retrieved 2009-02-27.
  2. ^ "PBDB". paleobiodb.org. Retrieved 2024-12-29.
  3. ^ a b Gaudant, Jean (2013). "Présence d'un Osmeridae: Enoplophthalmus schlumbergeri Sauvage, 1880 dans l'Oligocène inférieur des environs de Céreste (Alpes-de-Haute-Provence, France)". Geodiversitas. 35 (2): 345–357. doi:10.5252/g2013n2a4. ISSN 1280-9659.
  4. ^ Wilson, Mark V. H.; Williams, Robert R. G. (1991-12-31). "New Paleocene genus and species of smelt (Teleostei: Osmeridae) from freshwater deposits of the Paskapoo Formation, Alberta, Canada, and comments on osmerid phylogeny". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 11 (4): 434–451. doi:10.1080/02724634.1991.10011414. ISSN 0272-4634.
  5. ^ a b Reichenbacher, Bettina; Vlad, Codrea A. (January 1999). "Fresh- to brackish water fish faunas from continental Early Oligocene deposits in the Transylvanian Basin (Romania)". Bulletin de l'Institut Royal des Sciences Naturelles de Belqique, Sciences de la Terre (69): 197–207.
  6. ^ Martini, Erlend; Reichenbacher, Bettina (2007). "Nannoplankton und Fisch-Otolithen in den Mittleren Pechelbronn-Schichten (Unter-Oligozän, Oberrheingraben/Mainzer Becken)" (PDF). Geol. Abh. Hessen (116): 235–273.
  7. ^ "Davit Vasilyan | University of Tübingen". uni-tuebingen.de. Retrieved 2024-12-29.
  8. ^ a b Gaudant, Jean; Reichenbacher, Bettina (1998-11-30). "Skelette der Gattung Enoplophthalmus Sauvage 1880 (Teleostei, Osmeridae) mit Otolithen in situ aus dem Unter-Miozän des Mainzer Beckens". Neues Jahrbuch für Geologie und Paläontologie - Abhandlungen (in German): 237–266. doi:10.1127/njgpa/210/1998/237.
  9. ^ Coster, Pauline; Legal, Stephane (2021-11-08). "An Early Oligocene Fossil Lagerstätten from the Lacustrine Deposits of the Luberon UNESCO Global Geopark". Geoconservation Research. 4 (2). doi:10.30486/gcr.2021.1915524.1068. ISSN 2588-7343.
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