Draft:Sack of Morandah (1764)
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| Sack of Morandah (1764) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Indian campaign of Ahmad Shah Durrani and Afghan–Sikh Wars | |||||||
| |||||||
| Belligerents | |||||||
 Sikh Confederacy |
 Durrani Empire | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | |||||||
|
Jassa Singh Ahluwalia Charat Singh Tara Singh Ghaiba Hari Singh Dhillon |
Zain Khan Sirhindi Lachhmi Narayan Ranghars | ||||||
The Sack of Morandah (1764) took place on January 1764, between the Durrani Empire, and the Sikhs, as part of the Afghan–Sikh wars which concluded with Sikh victory
Background
[edit]After destroying Malerkotla, the Sikhs sought to take revenge on more enemies. They decided to punish Gangu Brahman from Kheri, as well as Jani and Mani Ranghars from Morandah, for betraying Mata Gujri, the mother of Guru Gobind Singh, and his two young sons, Zorawar Singh and Fateh Singh, by handing them over to Wazir Khan, the Governor of Sirhind.[1] A meeting of Sikh leaders was held to discuss the plan. Dal Singh and Ran Singh from Gharuan, along with the Sikhs of Salaundi, strongly supported the attack. However, Jassa Singh Ahluwalia hesitated, fearing that Zain Khan Sirhindi might send his army to protect Morandah. But since most Sikhs favored the attack, he eventually agreed. [2]
Battle
[edit]The Sikhs first marched to Kheri, where they found Gangu Brahman and his family and killed them all. They then advanced toward Morandah (also known as Baghanwala). The Sikh scouts reached the village first, but the Ranghars mocked them. However, upon realizing the entire Sikh army was approaching, they panicked, shut the village gates, and took shelter behind the walls and ditch. To prevent reinforcements from Sirhind, Charat Singh stationed his men along the main road.[3] Meanwhile, other Sikh warriors scaled the walls and entered the village. A group from Tara Singh’s Misl broke through, killed the guards, and opened the gates for the rest of the army. The Sikhs from Gharuan, familiar with the village, led the charge, heading straight for Jani Khan and Mani Khan’s house, where they killed them and their families. Afterward, the Sikhs massacred the villagers, sparing only women, children, the elderly, and Hindus. Next, they attacked Kurali, a nearby village where some of the Ranghars relatives lived. Zain Khan’s Diwan, Lachhmi Narayan, was also there collecting taxes. The Sikhs looted his treasury and plundered the village.[4][5]
Aftermath
[edit]Zain Khan Sirhindi, who was in Sirhind, was terrified by the news but refused to act. Fearing that the Sikhs would attack his capital, he sought help from Ala Singh of Patiala, offering land (jagirs) in exchange for peace. Ala Singh sent Nanu Singh Grewal to negotiate with the Sikhs, but they rejected the offer. They proudly declared, “We are Singhs (lions), and Zain Khan is a Turk. We can never be united. The Guru himself has granted us kingship, and we are winning it through our sacrifices.[6]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Ganda Singh 1990, p. 291.
- ^ Gupta, Hari (2007). History of the Sikhs Vol II: Evolution of the Sikh Confederacies. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 197. ISBN 978-81-215-0248-1.
- ^ Gupta 1999, p. 296.
- ^ Gandhi 1999, p. 285.
- ^ Gupta, Hari (2007). History of the Sikhs Vol II: Evolution of the Sikh Confederacies. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 197. ISBN 978-81-215-0248-1.
- ^ Gupta, Hari (2007). History of the Sikhs Vol II Evolution of the Sikh Confederacies. Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. p. 197. ISBN 978-81-215-0248-1.
Category:Conflicts in 1764 Category:1764 in India Category:1760s in the Durrani Empire Category:Battles involving the Durrani Empire Category:Battles involving the Sikh Confederacy