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DH Tauri

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DH Tauri

DH Tauri and the b companion (lower left) with the Very Large Telescope
Credit: ESO VLT SPHERE; Van Holstein et al.; Processing: Meli_thev
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Taurus
Right ascension 04h 29m 41.558s[1]
Declination +26° 32′ 58.27″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 13.1[2]
Characteristics
Spectral type M0-M1Ve(T)[3]
Variable type T Tau[3]
Astrometry
Proper motion (μ) RA: +7.065[4] mas/yr
Dec.: -20.699[4] mas/yr
Parallax (π)7.3880 ± .0593 mas[4]
Distance441 ± 4 ly
(135 ± 1 pc)
Details
Mass0.41[5] M☉
Radius1.26[5] R☉
Luminosity0.22[5] L☉
Temperature3,751[4] K
Age3.16[5] Myr
Other designations
DH Tau, WDS J04297+2633B, IRAS 04267+2626, 2MASS J04294155+2632582
Database references
SIMBADdata

DH Tauri, also known as DH Tau, is a type M star, located 140 parsecs (456.619 light years) away. It forms a binary system with DI Tauri 15″ away, and has a substellar companion, either a brown dwarf or massive exoplanet.

Characteristics

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DH Tauri is a type M, or red dwarf star, one of the most common types of star in the Milky Way.[6] It has an apparent magnitude of 13.71 and temperature of 3,751 K. DH Tauri has a mass of 0.41 M☉ and an estimated radius of 1.26 R☉.

The companion DH Tauri B or b has a mass estimated to be between eight MJ and 50 MJ, making it either a super-Jupiter or brown dwarf.[7][8] Other sources give a mass as high as 0.03 M☉, with a bolometric luminosity of 0.01 L☉.[9] The spectral type has been classified as M7.5[9] or M9.25.[10] The companion has detected water vapor and carbon monoxide in its atmosphere and has a rotational velocity of 9.6 ± 0.7 km/s. This is between 9 and 15% of the breakup speed of DH Tau B. This low rotation is in agreement with magnetic coupling to a circumplanetary disk in the late stages of accretion, which reduces angular momentum of the companion.[11] The companion, while its host star still having a protoplanetary disk, is still accreting material, being surrounded by a circumsubstellar disk (possibly a circumplanetary disk, depending on its formation history).[12] It is potentially orbited by a smaller candidate companion DH Tauri Bb (possibly an exomoon) with 1 MJ, and a mass ratio with respect to the brown dwarf of one-tenth.[13]

The DH Tauri planetary system[14]
Companion
(in order from star) 		Mass Semimajor axis
(AU) 		Orbital period
(days) 		Eccentricity Inclination Radius
b 11±3 MJ 330 120.450 — — 2.7±0.8 RJ

References

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  1. ^ a b Cutri, Roc M.; Skrutskie, Michael F.; Van Dyk, Schuyler D.; Beichman, Charles A.; Carpenter, John M.; Chester, Thomas; Cambresy, Laurent; Evans, Tracey E.; Fowler, John W.; Gizis, John E.; Howard, Elizabeth V.; Huchra, John P.; Jarrett, Thomas H.; Kopan, Eugene L.; Kirkpatrick, J. Davy; Light, Robert M.; Marsh, Kenneth A.; McCallon, Howard L.; Schneider, Stephen E.; Stiening, Rae; Sykes, Matthew J.; Weinberg, Martin D.; Wheaton, William A.; Wheelock, Sherry L.; Zacarias, N. (2003). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: 2MASS All-Sky Catalog of Point Sources (Cutri+ 2003)". CDS/ADC Collection of Electronic Catalogues. 2246: II/246. Bibcode:2003yCat.2246....0C.
  2. ^ Ducati, J. R. (2002). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: Catalogue of Stellar Photometry in Johnson's 11-color system". VizieR On-line Data Catalog. 2237. Bibcode:2002yCat.2237....0D.
  3. ^ a b Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/GCVS. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1: B/gcvs. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  4. ^ a b c d Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  5. ^ a b c d Herczeg, Gregory J.; Hillenbrand, Lynne A. (2014). "An Optical Spectroscopic Study of T Tauri Stars. I. Photospheric Properties". The Astrophysical Journal. 786 (2): 97. arXiv:1403.1675. Bibcode:2014ApJ...786...97H. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/786/2/97. S2CID 36942035.
  6. ^ "Exoplanet-catalog". Exoplanet Exploration: Planets Beyond our Solar System. Retrieved 2021-03-08.
  7. ^ Xuan, Jerry W.; Bryan, Marta L.; Knutson, Heather A.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Morley, Caroline V.; Benneke, Björn (2020). "A Rotation Rate for the Planetary-mass Companion DH Tau B". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (3): 97. arXiv:2001.01759. Bibcode:2020AJ....159...97X. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab67c4. S2CID 210023665.
  8. ^ Itoh, Yoichi; Hayashi, Masahiko; Tamura, Motohide; Tsuji, Takashi; Oasa, Yumiko; Fukagawa, Misato; Hayashi, Saeko S.; Naoi, Takahiro; Ishii, Miki; Mayama, Satoshi; Morino, Jun-ichi; Yamashita, Takuya; Pyo, Tae-Soo; Nishikawa, Takayuki; Usuda, Tomonori (2005-02-20). "A Young Brown Dwarf Companion to DH Tauri". The Astrophysical Journal. 620 (2): 984–993. arXiv:astro-ph/0411177. Bibcode:2005ApJ...620..984I. doi:10.1086/427086. ISSN 0004-637X.
  9. ^ a b Ward-Duong, K.; Patience, J.; Bulger, J.; Van Der Plas, G.; Ménard, F.; Pinte, C.; Jackson, A. P.; Bryden, G.; Turner, N. J.; Harvey, P.; Hales, A.; De Rosa, R. J. (2018). "The Taurus Boundary of Stellar/Substellar (TBOSS) Survey. II. Disk Masses from ALMA Continuum Observations". The Astronomical Journal. 155 (2): 54. arXiv:1712.07669. Bibcode:2018AJ....155...54W. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aaa128. S2CID 55142673.
  10. ^ Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Lagrange, A. -M.; Rojo, P.; Allard, F.; Pinte, C.; Dumas, C.; Homeier, D. (2014). "A library of near-infrared integral field spectra of young M-L dwarfs". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 562: A127. arXiv:1306.3709. Bibcode:2014A&A...562A.127B. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201118270. S2CID 53064211.
  11. ^ Xuan, Jerry W.; Bryan, Marta L.; Knutson, Heather A.; Bowler, Brendan P.; Morley, Caroline V.; Benneke, Björn (2020-03-01). "A Rotation Rate for the Planetary-mass Companion DH Tau b". The Astronomical Journal. 159 (3): 97. arXiv:2001.01759. Bibcode:2020AJ....159...97X. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab67c4. ISSN 0004-6256.
  12. ^ Van Holstein, R. G.; Stolker, T.; Jensen-Clem, R.; Ginski, C.; Milli, J.; De Boer, J.; Girard, J. H.; Wahhaj, Z.; Bohn, A. J.; Millar-Blanchaer, M. A.; Benisty, M.; Bonnefoy, M.; Chauvin, G.; Dominik, C.; Hinkley, S.; Keller, C. U.; Keppler, M.; Langlois, M.; Marino, S.; Ménard, F.; Perrot, C.; Schmidt, T. O. B.; Vigan, A.; Zurlo, A.; Snik, F. (2021). "A survey of the linear polarization of directly imaged exoplanets and brown dwarf companions with SPHERE-IRDIS. First polarimetric detections revealing disks around DH Tau B and GSC 6214-210 B". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 647: 647. arXiv:2101.04033. Bibcode:2021A&A...647A..21V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202039290. S2CID 231573543.
  13. ^ Lazzoni, C.; et al. (20 July 2020). "The search for disks or planetary objects around directly imaged companions: A candidate around DH Tau B". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 641: A131. arXiv:2007.10097. Bibcode:2020A&A...641A.131L. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937290. S2CID 220647289.
  14. ^ Zhou, Yifan; Herczeg, Gregory J; Kraus, Adam L; Metchev, Stanimir; Cruz, Kelle L (2014). "Accretion onto Planetary Mass Companions of Low-mass Young Stars". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 783 (1): L17. arXiv:1401.6545. Bibcode:2014ApJ...783L..17Z. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/783/1/L17. S2CID 119255447.
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