Corruption charges against Suharto
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Pre-presidency Domestic policy Foreign policy Post-presidency Family
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Investigations into allegations of corruption against Indonesian former president Suharto began immediately after his 32-year rule.
History
[edit]After Suharto's resignation as president, calls for his arrest on the basis of corruption emerged. People's Consultative Assembly decree No. XI/MPR/1998 declared that attempts to eradicate corruption must include investigations into Suharto.[1]
In Global Transparency Report, made by Transparency International in 2004, he was ranked as the world’s most corrupt leader. The report accused Suharto of causing losses of US$15–35 billion for the Indonesian government.[2]
Despite ongoing investigations into alleged corruption, in 2006 attorney general Abdul Rachman Saleh declared the issuance of the "Termination of Criminal Persecution Decree" (Surat Keputusan Penghentian Penuntutan Pidana, SKP3). The decree suspended all attempts to prosecute Suharto because he was medically unfit to stand trial. This decision was overturned by a South Jakarta state court, on the grounds that physical and mental decline aren’t valid reasons to suspend prosecution.[3] The revocation of the decree allowed investigations into Suharto to proceed. Suharto died on 27 January 2008.
On 25 September 2024, the People's Consultative Assembly/MPR repealed Clause 4 of MPR Resolution No. XI/MPR/1998, which had accused Suharto and his cronies of acts of corruption, collusion, and nepotism (Clause 4 specifically named Suharto). The stated reason for this was because Suharto was never put on trial for these accusations before his death in 2008.[4]
Allegations and convictions
[edit]Supersemar
[edit]Established by Suharto in 1974, Supersemar provided scholarships for Indonesian students. Supersemar’s income was mainly from state-owned banks, with Decree no. 15/1976 allowing state-owned banks to deposit income into Supersemar.
In 2015, the Supersemar Foundation was convicted, after several failed attempts to suspend prosecution. This conviction forced the organization to pay Rp4.4 trillion in damages to the state.[5]
The foundation had incomes of Rp185 billion embezzled, instead being delivered to Suharto and co-conspirators. US$420 billion was distributed to Bank Duta, Rp6.09 kuadriliun to Sempati Air, and the rest went to other companies and cooperatives.[6]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ TAP MPR no XI/1998
- ^ Global Corruption Report 2004: Political Corruption by Transparency International - Issuu. Pluto Press. 2004. p. 13. ISBN 0-7453-2231-X – via Issuu.com.
- ^ "SKP3 Soeharto Tidak Sah Secara Hukum".
- ^ Rahmawati, Dwi. "MPR Cabut Nama Soeharto dari Tap MPR 11/1998 soal KKN, Ini Alasannya". detiknews (in Indonesian). Retrieved 2024-09-25.
- ^ Babak baru, keluarga mantan presiden Soeharto dihukum 4,4 triliun
- ^ Catatan dana Yayasan Supersemar yang Diselewengkan (in Indonesian), CNN Indonesia, 2015-08-13
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