Castiltierra
Castiltierra | |
|---|---|
| Castiltierra | |
 Church of San Juan in Castiltierra. | |
| Country |  Spain |
| Autonomous community |  Castile and León |
| Province |  Segovia |
| Municipality | Fresno de Cantespino |
| Elevation | 965 m (3,166 ft) |
| Population (2023) | |
• Total | 4 |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
Castiltierra is a city and a municipality which belongs to the municipality of Fresno de Cantespino, located in the province of Segovia, Castile and León, Spain.
According to the 2023 census (INE), the locality has a population of 4 inhabitants.[1]
The town is known for its proximity to a Visigoth necropolis, looted by Nazi Germany during the Second World War.[2]
History
[edit]
In 1247 it was mentioned as Castiel de Tierra, already being a town belonging to the Comunidad de Villa y Tierra de Fresno de Cantespino, as it is today; in the 16th century it was already named in its current form.
Nearby is the site of Las Milaneras, an old Roman camp, and there is also evidence of Roman presence in the nearby town of Riaguas de San Bartolomé.
It was an independent municipality with its own town hall until at least 1842, and in 1857 it was already listed as a district of Fresno de Cantespino.[3]
In 1864 the residents asked the civil governor to separate Fresno and add it to the municipality of Cascajares, a request that was denied.
Demography
[edit]| 1842 | 2000 | 2002 | 2004 | 2006 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2012 | 2014 | 2016 | 2018 | 2020 | 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 75 | 11 | 10 | 10 | 6 | 4 | 5 | 4 | 3 | 3 | 5 | 2 | 5 | 1 |
| (Source: INE) | |||||||||||||
Culture
[edit]Heritage
[edit]- Romanesque church of San Juan, in a state of ruin;
- Hermitage of Santo Cristo del Corporario, where the battle of the Reconquista of the same name took place. It is named after a carving of Jesus Christ.
Necropolis from the Visigothic period
[edit]With more than 800 bodies, it was discovered by farmers in 1931,[4] and the first excavation campaign was carried out between 1932 and 1935, led by Joaquín María de Navascués and Emilio Camps Cazorla.[5]
During the Second World War, the germanophile Julio Martínez Santa-Olalla led the second campaign with a German delegation led by J. Werner, a member of the hierarchical leadership of archaeology in the Third Reich and personally sent by Heinrich Himmler, who was very interested in the project that linked it to a German Aryan race.[6][7] The spanish archaeologist Domingo Fletcher also participated in collaborating with the Nazis.[8]
At the end of the campaign, Santa-Olalla temporarily gave the jewels found to the German government for restoration. Today these pieces remain in German and Austrian museums.[9][10][11]
Parties
[edit]- Pilgrimage on Pentecost Sunday, at the Hermitage of Santo Cristo del Corporario.
- Town Festival, the weekend closest to August 15th.
References
[edit]- ^ "INEbase. Alterations to the municipalities". www.ine.es. Archived from the original on 2025-02-24. Retrieved 2025-02-24.
- ^ Criado, Ana María (2023-10-09). "Admitida a trámite una petición de regreso de joyas visigodas expoliadas". El Norte de Castilla (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-02-24.
- ^ "INEbase. Alterations to the municipalities". www.ine.es. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ Navas, Mariano (1984-05-30). "La cúpula de Santa María del Fiore". Informes de la Construcción (in Spanish). 35 (359–360). ISSN 1988-3234. Archived from the original on 2024-09-10.
- ^ dice, Francisco Sanz García. "NECRÓPOLIS DE CASTILTIERRA - Turismo Prerrománico una de las necrópolis visigodas más importantes". Turismo Prerrománico (in European Spanish). Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ Carbajosa, Ana (2016-10-24). "A la caza del tesoro visigodo que los nazis se llevaron". El País (in Spanish). ISSN 1134-6582. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ Conrado, Noelia (2016-09-11). "La búsqueda del Santo Grial en España: Himmler, visigodos y un monasterio catalán". elconfidencial.com (in Spanish). Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ "Person - Fletcher Valls, Domingo (1912-1995)". PARES (in European Spanish). Archived from the original on 2024-12-02. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ "La gran necrópolis visigoda de un pueblo de Segovia que saquearon los nazis". Diario ABC (in Spanish). 2019-09-02. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ "Wayback Machine" (PDF). www.man.es. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2024-12-19. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
- ^ "El gran expolio nazi en Segovia: los tesoros visigodos que Himmler se llevó a Alemania". El Español (in Spanish). 2020-10-29. Retrieved 2025-02-25.
External links
[edit]
Media related to Castiltierra at Wikimedia Commons
40°23.08′N 3°31.75′W / 40.38467°N 3.52917°W
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