Jump to content

2001 Geiyo earthquake

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
2001 Geiyo earthquake
令和6年能登半島地震
2001 Geiyo earthquake is located in Hiroshima Prefecture
2001 Geiyo earthquake
2001 Geiyo earthquake is located in Japan
2001 Geiyo earthquake
UTC time2001-03-24 06:27:53
ISC event1800460
USGS-ANSSComCat
Local date24 March 2001
Local time15:27:53 JST (UTC+9)
MagnitudeMJMA 6.7
Mw 6.8
Depth50 km (31 mi)
Epicenter34°04′59″N 132°31′34″E / 34.083°N 132.526°E / 34.083; 132.526
TypeNormal
Areas affectedChūgoku and Shikoku regions, Japan
Total damage¥77.6 billion (US$500 million) ($886.1 million in 2024, adjusted for inflation)[1]
Max. intensityJMA 6− (MMI IX)
Peak acceleration0.85 g (832 gal)
Casualties2 fatalities, 288 injuries

The 2001 Geiyo earthquake (2001年芸予地震 Nisen-ichi-nen Gēyo Jishin) occurred with a magnitude of MJMA 6.7 on March 24 at 15:27:53 JST, and an epicenter located near the Geiyo Islands of Hiroshima, Japan.[2]

Tectonic setting

[edit]

Near the Geiyo region, a Ms 7.8 earthquake occurred in June 1905,[3] which was an intraslab event within the subducting Philippine Sea plate.[4]

Earthquake

[edit]

The United States Geological Survey (USGS) gave the earthquake a magnitude of Mw 6.8, while the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) reported the magnitude at MJMA 6.7, with its epicenter located near the island of Kurahashi-jima in Kure, Hiroshima Prefecture.[2][5] The released seismic moment of the earthquake was 1.3×1019 Nm. This earthquake is a normal faulting intraslab event within the subducting Philippine Sea plate.[6] The slip of the earthquake was estimated to be about 1.5–2.4 meters (4 ft 11 in – 7 ft 10 in). The locations of aftershocks were distributed roughly in N–S direction.[7] It has been suggested that this earthquake was related to the dehydration of the Philippine Sea plate slab.[8]

Intensity

[edit]
Locations with a seismic intensity of Shindo 5− and higher[5]
Intensity Prefecture Locations
6− Hiroshima Higashihiroshima, Ōsakikamijima, Kumano
5+ Hiroshima Kure, Etajima, Hiroshima, Hatsukaichi, Mihara, Onomichi, Kitahiroshima
Ehime Kamijima, Imabari, Saijō, Kumakōgen, Matsuyama, Masaki, Seiyo, Uwajima, Tobe
Yamaguchi Suō-Ōshima, Yanai, Tabuse, Hirao, Waki, Iwakuni, Yamaguchi
5− Hiroshima Fukuyama, Sera, Miyoshi
Ehime Ikata, Yawatahama, Ōzu, Uchiko, Iyo, Tōon, Niihama
Yamaguchi Kaminoseki, Hikari, Kudamatsu, Shūnan
Shimane Gōtsu, Hamada, Ōnan
Kōchi Kōchi
Ōita Saiki

The JMA reported it recorded a maximum seismic intensity of Shindo 6- on its seismic intensity scale; the maxinum intensity was reported in Higashihiroshima, Ōsakikamijima and Kumano, Hiroshima Prefecture. Shindo 5+ was recorded in parts of Ehime and Yamaguchi Prefectures, while Shindo 5-was observed in multiple areas of Shimane, Kōchi and Ōita Prefectures; Shindo 1-4 was also reported in Kyushu, Kansai and Chūbu regions, with shaking recorded as far away as Shizuoka, Noto, Ishikawa, Iizuna and Kōzushima, Tokyo.[5] A maximum peak ground acceleration of 832 gal (0.85 g) was recorded at Saeki-ku, Hiroshima; strong ground motions from the earthquake were amplified and spread to areas far from the epicenter, due to the ground beneath the region comprising soft sediments.[9] On the Modified Mercalli intensity scale, the earthquake registered a maximum intensity of IX (Violent).[1] Tremors were also felt along the eastern and southern coasts of South Korea.[10]

Impact

[edit]

Two people were killed; one in Kure, Hiroshima due to a wall collapse and other in Matsuyama, Ehime after being hit by falling roof tiles.[11][10] Additionally, 288 others were injured, 43 of them seriously, including 183 in Hiroshima, 75 in Ehime, 12 in Yamaguchi, 4 in Kochi, 3 in Shimane and 1 in Okayama. The earthquake completely destroyed 76 homes, severely damaged 865 and partially damaged 53,243 others, with all structural collapses occurring in Hiroshima, Ehime and Yamaguchi; landslides destroyed 39 homes, mostly in Hiroshima. Additionally, 40,739 waterways, 1,209 cultural and educational facilities, 787 roads, 149 harbors, 97 hospitals, 9 bridges, 8 public buildings and 71 other structures were also affected.[12]

In Hiroshima, over 3,700 buildings were damaged,[2] train lines were suspended, Hiroshima Airport was temporarily closed for inspection, telecommunications were disrupted and soil liquefaction was reported.[10][13] Most of the damaged residential buildings in the city were built on steep slopes.[14] Liquefaction also occurred at Tōyo, Ehime.[15] Power outages occurred in the prefectures of Hiroshima, Ehime, Okayama, Yamaguchi, and Kōchi.[16]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]

Citations

[edit]
  1. ^ a b NOAA (1972). "National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database". NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  2. ^ a b c ANSS. "M 6.8 - 16 km SSW of Kure, Japan 2001". Comprehensive Catalog. U.S. Geological Survey.
  3. ^ NOAA (1972). "National Geophysical Data Center / World Data Service (NGDC/WDS): NCEI/WDS Global Significant Earthquake Database". NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information. doi:10.7289/V5TD9V7K. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  4. ^ Hiroshima Crisis Management Supervision, Crisis Management Division . "災害に備えて：地震・津波災害とは (Preparing for a disaster: What is an earthquake / tsunami disaster?)" (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 2013-10-29. Retrieved 2012-05-12.
  5. ^ a b c "Seismic Intensity Database Search". Japan Meteorological Agency. 24 March 2001. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  6. ^ Miyatake, T.; Yagi, Y.; Yasuda, T. (2004). "The dynamic rupture process of the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, earthquake". Geophysical Research Letters. 31 (12): L12612. Bibcode:2004GeoRL..3112612M. doi:10.1029/2004GL019721.
  7. ^ "平成13年（2001年）芸予地震（2001年3月24日，M6.7） (2001 Geiyo Earthquake (March 24, 2001, M6.7))" (PDF) (in Japanese).
  8. ^ Zhao, D.; Mishra, O.P.; Sanda, R.; Obara, K.; Umino, N.; Hasegawa, A. (2001). "Seismological Evidence for the Influence of Fluids and Magma on Earthquakes" (PDF). Bulletin of the Earthquake Research Institute University of Tokyo. 76: 271–289. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-07-28. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
  9. ^ "芸予地震". chugoku-np.co.jp (in Japanese). 2 April 2001. Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  10. ^ a b c Hall, K. "At least two die as strong earthquake hits Japan". The Independent. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014.
  11. ^ "3-1 芸予地震". bousai.go.jp (in Japanese). Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  12. ^ 平成13年(2001年)芸予地震 (PDF) (Report) (in Japanese). Fire and Disaster Management Agency. 24 September 2002. Retrieved 1 February 2025.
  13. ^ Yoshimine, M. "2001 Geiyo Earthquake, Japan". Soil Mechanics Laboratory, Civil Engineering, Tokyo Metropolitan University. Archived from the original on 2012-07-11. Retrieved 2012-01-10.
  14. ^ Kuwata, Takada & Ueno 2003, p. 1–12.
  15. ^ Sakakibara, Masayuki; Inouchi, Yoshio; Nara, Masakazu (2002). "Liquefaction of reclaimed land in Toyo City, Ehime Prefecture, by the 2001 Geiyo earthquake". Journal of the Geological Society of Japan. 108 (6): XIII–XIV. doi:10.5575/geosoc.108.XIII.
  16. ^ "平成１３年（２００１年）芸予地震について(About Geiyo Earthquake in 2001)" (PDF) (in Japanese). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-10-27. Retrieved 2012-01-10.

Sources

[edit]
  • Matsuzaki, Shin’ichi; Pitarka, Arben; Collins, Nancy; Graves, Robert; Fukushima, Yoshimitsu (2011). A Characteristic Rupture Model for the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, Earthquake. Pure and Applied Geophysics (Report). Vol. 168. pp. 631–644. Bibcode:2011PApGe.168..631M. doi:10.1007/s00024-010-0126-9.
  • Miyatake, Takashi; Yagi, Yuji; Yasuda, Takumi (June 2004). The dynamic rupture process of the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, earthquake. Solid Earth (Report). Vol. 31. Bibcode:2004GeoRL..3112612M. doi:10.1029/2004GL019721.
  • Kakehi, Y. (11 August 2004). Analysis of the 2001 Geiyo, Japan, earthquake using high-density strong ground motion data: Detailed rupture process of a slab earthquake in a medium with a large velocity contrast. Solid Earth (Report). Vol. 109. Bibcode:2004JGRB..109.8306K. doi:10.1029/2004JB002980.
  • Kuwata, Yasuko; Takada, Shiro; Ueno, Junichi (2003). 斜面地形の住家被害と地震動特性 [Damage to houses on slopes and earthquake motion characteristics]. Journal of the Japan Association for Earthquake Engineering (Report) (in Japanese). Vol. 3. p. 1-12. doi:10.5610/jaee.3.2_1.
[edit]
Retrieved from "http://en.wiki.x.io/w/index.php?title=2001_Geiyo_earthquake&oldid=1273316738"