1861 in paleontology
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Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1861.
Crustaceans
[edit]New taxa
[edit]| Taxon | Novelty | Status | Author(s) | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Gen. et. comb. nov. |
Valid |
Oppel |
An axiid, type species is E. longimana, initially described as Magila longimana in 1839. |
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Gen. et. comb. nov. |
Valid |
Oppel |
A stenochirid, type species is P. pustulosus, initially described as Bolina pustulosa in 1839. |
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Dinosaurs
[edit]New taxa
[edit]| Taxon | Novelty | Status | Author(s) | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Archaeopteryx lithographica[3] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Meyer | Kimmeridgian | Solnhofen Limestone |  Germany
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Early bird, only known from a single flight feather.[3] | 
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| Echinodon becklesii[4] | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | Owen | Berriasian | Purbeck Beds |  UK
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Known from multiple jaw and tooth fossils, originally interpreted as a lacertilian.[4][5] | |
| Teratosaurus suevicus | Gen. et sp. nov. | Valid | von Meyer | Norian | Löwenstein Formation | Germany
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Originally interpreted as an early dinosaur, now an early pseudosuchian. |
Pterosaurs
[edit]New taxa
[edit]| Taxon | Novelty | Status | Author(s) | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Scaphognathus[6] | Gen. nov. | Valid | Wagner | Kimmeridgian | Solnhofen limestone | Germany
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A new genus for Pterodactylus crassirostris Goldfuss, 1831 | 
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References
[edit]- ^ Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- ^ a b A, Oppel (1861). "Die Arten der Gattungen Eryma, Pseudastacus, Magila und Etallonia" (PDF). Jahreshefte des Vereins fur Vaterlandische Naturkunde in Wurttemberg (in German). 17: 355–364.
- ^ a b Meyer, H. (1861-09-20). "Archaeopterix lithographica (Vogel-Feder) und Pterydactylus von Solenhofen". Neues Jahrbuch für Mineralogie, Geognosie, Geologie und Petrefaktenkunde: 678–679.
- ^ a b Owen, R. (1861). Monograph on the Fossil Reptilia of the Wealden and Purbeck Formations. Part V. Order Lacertilia. Palaeontographical Society. pp. 31–39.
- ^ Falconer, H. (1861). "Note on the synonymy of the fossil genus Echinodon of Professor Owen". Annals and Magazine of Natural History. 8 (46): 341. doi:10.1080/00222936108697425.
- ^ Wagner, J.A. (1861). "Uebersicht über die fossilen Reptilien des lithographischen Schiefers in Bayern nach ihren Gattungen und Arten". Sitzungsberichte der königlich bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften zu München, 1861 Theil 1: 497–535.