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Basketball at the Games of the XI Olympiad
Tournament details
Host countryGermany
CityBerlin
Dates7–14 August 1936 (1936-08-07 – 1936-08-14)
Teams21
Venue(s)Tennis Courts & Tennis Stadium
at Reichssportfeld
Final positions
Champions  United States (1st title)
Runners-up Canada
Third place  Mexico
Tournament statistics
Games played40
1904 (demonstration)
Dr. James Naismith, the inventor of basketball

Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics was the first appearance of the sport of basketball as an official Olympic medal event. The tournament was played between 7 August and 14 August 1936 in Berlin, Germany. 23 nations entered the competition, making basketball the largest tournament of the team sports, but Hungary and Spain withdrew, meaning 21 competed.

The International Olympic Committee and International Basketball Federation, which is the governing body of international basketball, used the tournament to experiment with outdoor basketball. Lawn and sand tennis courts were used for the competition, but this caused problems when the weather was adverse, especially during the final of the tournament.

Going into the games the US team was the heavy favorite, despite no worldwide international tournaments having been held prior to the 1936 Olympics. The South American Basketball Championship had been held 4 times since it began in 1930 with Uruguay winning twice and Brazil collecting a silver and 2 bronze finishes. The IBF had also held the first edition of EuroBasket the prior year where Latvia was crowned champion and Czechoslovakia took bronze over Switzerland.

Medalists

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The medals were awarded by James Naismith, the inventor of basketball. The United States won its first gold medal, while Canada and Mexico won silver and bronze, their only medals in basketball, as of 2020.

Gold Silver Bronze
 United States (USA)
Sam Balter
Ralph Bishop
Joe Fortenberry
Tex Gibbons
Francis Johnson
Carl Knowles
Frank Lubin
Art Mollner
Donald Piper
Jack Ragland
Willard Schmidt
Carl Shy
Duane Swanson
Bill Wheatley
 Canada (CAN)
Gordon Aitchison
Ian Allison
Art Chapman
Chuck Chapman
Edward Dawson
Irving Meretsky
Doug Peden
James Stewart
Malcolm Wiseman
Stanley Nantais
 Mexico (MEX)
Carlos Borja
Víctor Borja
Rodolfo Choperena
Luis de la Vega
Raúl Fernández
Andrés Gómez
Silvio Hernández
Francisco Martínez
Jesús Olmos
José Pamplona
Greer Skousen

Note: The International Olympic Committee medal database shows only these players as medalists. They all played at least one match during the tournament. The reserve players are not listed as medalists.

Format

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The twenty-three teams originally registered for the tournament were drawn into a bracket. The first two rounds were conducted in a double-elimination style. Beginning with the third round the tournament was conducted in single elimination format with teams who made the quarter-finals playing in classification rounds to determine 5th and 6th place. It is unclear how matchups were drawn for the second, third, and consolation rounds.

Upon Spain's decision to boycott the games and Hungary's withdrawal from the tournament it was decided that the bracket would not be re-drawn and that the two team's would be opponents would be awarded walkover victories in the first and following consolation round. The same procedure was used for opponents of Peru after the entire delegation withdrew from the Olympic Games.

Squads

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Each team could enter up to 14 players with 7 being permitted to dress for each game. Only those who dressed for a game are officially recorded as olympic athletes.

Results

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Winner's bracket

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First roundSecond roundThird roundQuarter-finalsSemi-finals1st & 2nd place match
                      
 United States
 United Statesw/o
 Spain
 United States52
 Estonia28
 Estonia34
 France29
 United States56
 Philippines23
 Philippines
 Philippines32
 Mexico30
 Belgium9
 Mexico32
 Philippines39
 Estonia22
 United States25
 Mexico10
 Poland28
 Italy44
 Italy58
 Germany16
 Italy27
 Chile19
 Turkey16
 Chile30
 Chile23
 Brazil18
 Italy17
 Mexico34
 Japan35
 Republic of China19
 Japan43
 Poland31
 Japan22
 Mexico28
 United States19
Canada8
Canada24
 Brazil17
Canada34
 Latvia23
 Latvia20
 Uruguay17
Canada27
  Switzerland9
  Switzerland25
 Germany18
  Switzerland25
 Czechoslovakia12
 Czechoslovakiaw/o
 Hungary
Canada41
 Uruguay21
 Uruguay36
 Egypt23
 Uruguay28
 Czechoslovakia19
Canada42
 Poland15
 Poland33
 Brazil25
 Polandw/o
 Peru
 Peru35
 Egypt22
 Peru29
 Republic of China21
 Peru

Consolation and classification rounds

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First consolation roundSecond consolation roundClassification semifinal5th & 6th place match3rd & 4th place match
                  
 Poland28
 Latvia23
 Uruguay17
 Belgium10
 Philippines32
 Italy14
 Brazil32
 Republic of China14
 Republic of China45
 France38
 Philippines33
 Uruguay23
 Mexico32
 Egypt10
 Brazilw/o
 Hungary
 Uruguayw/o
 Peru
 Czechoslovakia20
 Germany9
 Egypt33
 Turkey23
 Mexico26
 Poland12
 Estonia
 Germanyw/o
 Spain
 Poland

First round

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Winners advanced to the second round, while losers competed in the first consolation round for another chance to move on.



Bye:  Philippines

First consolation round

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Winners returned to the main competition for the second round, while losers were eliminated.



Bye:  Poland

Second round

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Winners advanced to the third round. Losers competed in the second consolation round for another chance to move on.



Second consolation round

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Bye:  Estonia

Third round

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The third round was the first to cause automatic elimination for losers, with no consolation round. Winners advanced to the quarterfinals. TODO: Mention wind, cite official report v2 pg 441

Chile  19–27  Italy
Scoring by half: 12–16, 7–11
Mexico  28–22  Japan
Scoring by half: 12–8, 16–14
Switzerland  9–27  Canada
Scoring by half: 1–13, 8–14
Uruguay  28–19  Czechoslovakia
Scoring by half: 14–8, 14–11
Brazil  25–33  Poland
Scoring by half: 10–17, 15–16

Byes: United States and Peru

Quarterfinals

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Winners of the quarterfinals advanced to the medals round, with losers playing in classification matches.

  • United States 56–23 Philippines
  • Mexico 24–17 Italy
  • Canada 41–21 Uruguay

Bye: Poland (Peru withdrew from the Olympic Games to protest the decision of the Olympic Committee and FIFA in the football tournament).

Classification 5–8

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Preliminary match

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  • Philippines 32–14 Italy

Bye: Uruguay (Peru withdrew from the competition - see above).

Fifth place match

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  • Philippines 33–23 Uruguay

Medals round

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Semifinals

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August 13
United States  25–10  Mexico
Scoring by half: 13–2, 12–8
Poland  15–42  Canada
Scoring by half: 6-23, 9-19

Bronze medal match

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August 14
3rd place, bronze medalist(s) Mexico  26–12  Poland
Scoring by half: 23–8, 3–4

Final

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August 14
18:00
1st place, gold medalist(s) United States  19–8  Canada 2nd place, silver medalist(s)
Scoring by half: 15–4, 4–4
Pts: Fortenberry 8
Berlin, Germany
Attendance: 900+

The final was played in driving rain, turning the court into a quagmire such that it was impossible to dribble, while the conditions kept scoring to a minimum: highest scorer in the game was Joe Fortenberry of the United States, with eight points. In addition, almost all of the nearly 1,000 in attendance had to stand in the rain throughout the final, as there were virtually no seats for spectators.

Awards

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 1936 Olympic Basketball champions 

United States
First title

Participating nations

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For the team rosters see: Basketball at the 1936 Summer Olympics – Men's team squads.

Each country was allowed to enter one team of 14 players and they all were eligible for participation; however, only seven were allowed to dress for competition at any one game.

A total of 199(*) basketball players from 21 nations competed at the Berlin Games:

  •  Belgium (8 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Brazil (8 – from a squad of 10)
  •  Canada (9 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Chile (7 – from a squad of 11)
  •  Republic of China (13 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Czechoslovakia (12 – from a squad of 12)
  •  Egypt (7 – from a squad of 10)
  •  Estonia (8 – from a squad of 11)
  •  France (11 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Germany (10 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Italy (13 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Japan (8 – from a squad of 11)
  •  Latvia (7 – from a squad of 11)
  •  Mexico (11 – from a squad of 11)
  •  Peru (9 – from a squad of 13)
  •  Philippines (9 – from a squad of 12)
  •  Poland (10 – from a squad of 14)
  •  Switzerland (8 – from a squad of 13)
  •  Turkey (8 – from a squad of 10)
  •  United States (14 – alternating squads of seven players)
  •  Uruguay (9 – from a squad of 13)

Hungary and Spain withdrew before playing a match.

(*) NOTE: There are only players counted, which participated in one game at least.

Not all reserve players are known.

Summary

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Note: Hungary and Spain withdrew before competition started

References

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  1. ^ (in Italian)Un viaggio all’interno di questi Ottanta anni Archived October 30, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. FIP.it.