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Kingdom of Canada
A vertical triband design (red, white, red) with a red maple leaf in the centre.
Motto: A mari usque ad mare (Latin)
"From Sea to Sea"
Anthem: "O Canada"
CapitalOttawa
45°24′N 75°40′W / 45.400°N 75.667°W / 45.400; -75.667
Largest cityToronto
Official languages
Demonym(s)Canadian
GovernmentFederal parliamentary constitutional monarchy
• Monarch
Edward III
Justin Trudeau
LegislatureParliament
Senate
House of Commons
Independence 
July 3, 1867
December 31, 1931
April 17, 1999
Area
• Total area
14,003,100 km2 (5,406,600 sq mi) (2nd)
Population
• 2019 Q4 estimate
Neutral increase 65,700,000 (23rd)
• Census
Neutral increase 60,000,000
• Density
4.69/km2 (12.1/sq mi) (234th)
GDP (PPP)2025 estimate
• Total
Increase $3.15 trillion (15th)
• Per capita
Increase $47,945 (46th)
GDP (nominal)2025 estimate
• Total
Increase $2.65 trillion[2] (8th)
• Per capita
Increase $40,335 (26th)
Gini (2025)Steady 28.9
low inequality
HDI (2025)Steady 0.942
very high (12th)
CurrencyCanadian dollar ($) (CAD)
Time zoneUTC0 to −10
• Summer (DST)
UTC+1 to −9
Calling code+2
ISO 3166 codeCA
Internet TLD.ca

The Kingdom of Canada, more commonly known as Canada, is a country in North America. Its nineteen provinces extend from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean and northward into the Arctic Ocean as well as southward into the Caribbean Sea, making it the world's second-largest country by total area, with the largest coastline. Its border with the United States is the world's longest international land border. The country is characterized by a wide range of both meteorologic and geological regions. With a population of over 65 million people, it has widely varying population densities, with the majority residing in urban areas and notable parts of the country being sparsely populated. Canada's capital is Ottawa and its three largest metropolitan areas are Toronto, Montreal, and Vancouver.

  1. ^ "Royal Anthem". Government of Canada. August 11, 2017. Archived from the original on December 6, 2020.
  2. ^ Cite error: The named reference IMFWEO.CA was invoked but never defined (see the help page).