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List of gendarmeries
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List of modern gendarmeries
[edit][[:Image:Roundel of Carabineros de Chile.svg|thumb|100px|right|Roundel of the Carabineros of Chile]]
Country | English name | Native-language name | Notes |
---|---|---|---|
Algeria | National Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie Nationale (الدرك الوطني) | |
Argentina | Argentine National Gendarmerie | Gendarmería Nacional Argentina | |
Barbados | National Task Force | ||
Belarus | Special Purpose Police Unit | Otryad Militsii Osobogo Naznacheniya (Отряд милиции особого назначения) | |
Benin | National Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie Nationale | |
Bhutan | Royal Bhutan Police | ||
Brazil | Military Police | Polícia Militar | |
Bulgaria | National Gendarmerie Service | Zhandarmeriya (Жандармерия) | |
Burkina Faso | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Burundi | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Cambodia | Royal Gendarmerie of Cambodia | ||
Cameroon | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Canada | Royal Canadian Mounted Police | Gendarmerie royale du Canada | |
Central African Republic | Gendarmerie | ||
Chad | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Chile | Carabiniers of Chile | Carabineros de Chile | |
China | People's Armed Police | Zhōngguó Rénmín Wǔzhuāng Jǐngchá Bùduì (中国人民武装警察部队) | |
Colombia | Corps of Carabiners | Cuerpo de Carabineros | |
Comoros | Gendarmerie | ||
Costa Rica | Public Force | Fuerza Pública | |
Congo | Gendarmerie | ||
Djibouti | Gendarmerie | ||
Egypt | Central Security Forces | ||
France | National Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie Nationale | |
Gabon | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Germany | Federal Police | Bundespolizei | |
Guinea | Gendarmerie | ||
Hungary | Service of Law Enforcement and Public Safety | Rendészeti Biztonsági Szolgálat | |
India | Corps of Military Police Central Reserve Police Force Indian Home Guard Railway Protection Force |
The Military Police Corps (nicknamed Red Berets) is a component of the Indian Army. The Central Reserve Police Force, including its specialized wing the Rapid Action Force, Railway Protection Force and Indian Home Guard are components of the paramilitary forces of India. | |
Iraq | National Police | Not to be confused with civilian Iraqi Police Service, although at present both are highly militarised | |
Israel | Israel Border Police | Mishmar HaGvul | |
Italy | Corps of Carabineers Finance Guard/ Customs |
Arma dei Carabinieri Guardia di Finanza |
Both the Carabinieri and Guardia di Finanza are components of the Italian Armed Forces, although they are controlled by different ministries |
Ivory Coast | Gendarmerie | ||
Lebanon | Lebanese Gendarmerie | Amen el Dakhli | Nicknamed "El Darak" |
Madagascar | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Mali | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Mauritania | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Mexico | Federal Police | Policia Federal | Civilian status, but largely composed of military personnel transferred en masse from the Mexican army's 3rd Military Police Brigade in 1999. |
Moldova | Carabinier Troops | Trupele de Carabinieri | |
Monaco | Prince's Company of Carabiniers | Compagnie des Carabiniers du Prince | The Corps des Sapeurs-Pompiers provide an armed support service |
Morocco | Royal Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie Royale (الدرك الملكي) | |
Netherlands | Royal Marechaussee | Koninklijke Marechaussee | |
Niger | National Police of Niger | Includes the National Gendarmerie and the Niger Internal Security Forces. | |
Pakistan | Pakistan Rangers Frontier Corps Mehran Force |
||
Poland | Military Gendarmerie | Żandarmeria Wojskowa | |
Portugal | Portuguese National Republican Guard | Guarda Nacional Republicana | |
Romania | Romanian Gendarmerie | Jandarmeria Română | |
Russia | Internal Troops | Vnutrenniye Voiska (Внутренние войска) | |
Rwanda | Gendarmerie | ||
San Marino | Corps of Gendarmerie of San Marino Guard of the Rock |
Gendarmeria Guardia di Rocca |
|
Senegal | Gendarmerie Nationale | National Gendarmerie | |
Serbia | Gendarmerie | Žandarmerija (Жандармерија) | |
Spain | Civil Guard | Guardia Civil | |
Switzerland | Border Guard Corps Federal Office of Police |
Both have civilian status. (The cantonal police of the French-speaking cantons are called gendarmerie, but do not fit any of the criteria.) | |
Togo | National Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie Nationale | |
Tunisia | Garde Nationale | National Guard | |
Turkey | Gendarmerie | Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı | |
Ukraine | Internal Troops | Vnutrisni Viys'ka Ukrayiny (Внутрішні війська України) | |
United States | United States Coast Guard | Charged with maritime law enforcement and civil shipping and boating regulation; a component of the Department of Homeland Security; one of the five armed forces of the United States | |
Vatican City | Corps of Gendarmerie of Vatican City | Corpo della Gendarmeria dello Stato della Città del Vaticano | General responsibility for security and public order which encompasses all regular police duties, including border control, crime prevention and investigation, and enforcement of financial and commercial regulations. |
Europe | European Gendarmerie Force | French: Force de gendarmerie européenne Italian: Forza di Gendarmeria Europea Portuguese: Força de Gendarmerie Europeia Spanish: Fuerza de Gendarmería Europea |
Formed by five members of the European Union: France, Italy, Spain, Portugal and the Netherlands, the purpose was the creation of a European intervention force which would have gendarmerie functions and be specialized in crisis management. More countries will be allowed to join in the future. |
List of former gendarmeries
[edit]Country | English name | Native-language name | Formed | Disbanded | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Austria | Federal Gendarmerie | Bundesgendarmerie | 1849 | 2005 | Dissolved under occupation from 1938 to 1945. Merged with other agencies to form new Bundespolizei in 2005 |
Belgium | Belgian Gendarmerie | French: Gendarmerie Dutch: Rijkswacht |
1796 | 2001 | Was formed under French rule in what now is Belgian territory, even before the establishment of Belgium itself (1830). Merged with federal and local police to form a new policing system |
Colombia | National Gendarmerie Corps | Cuerpo de Gendarmeria Nacional | 1906 | 1909 | Created to function decentralized from the National Police command and more militarized regime, managed by the Ministry of War. In 1909 General Jorge Holguín suppressed the National Gendarmerie Corps and gave the provincial governors the authority to organize police services at their own will |
Czechoslovakia | Czechoslovakian Gendarmerie | Československé četnictvo | 1918 | 1939 | Managed by the Ministry of Interior. After the liberation in 1945 created a unified police force - the Corps of National Security (SNB) - that amalgamated gendarmerie, police and intelligence. |
Crete | Cretan Gendarmerie | Κρητική Χωροφυλακή | 1899 | 1916 | |
Denmark | Border Gendarmerie | Grænsegendarmeriet | 1838 | 1958 | Pre-dated by De Blå Gendarmer (1885–1897) |
El Salvador | National Guard | Guardia Nacional | 1912 | 1922 | |
Germany | Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie or Landjäger | mid-20th century | ||
Greece | Greek Gendarmerie | Chorofilaki | 1833 | 1984 | Merged with Astinomia Poleon and formed the current Greek Police |
Hungary | Csendőrség | 1945 | After the change of the regime in 1989, a new gendarmerie-type police force within the frameworks of the Hungarian National Police:, Rendészeti Biztonsági Szolgálat, was formed | ||
Iran | Islamic Republic of Iran Gendarmerie | ? | 1979 | 1990 | Persian Central Government Gendarmerie 1911-1921, Amniyeh Kol-e Mamlekati 1921-1943, GENMISH 1943-1957, State Gendarmerie 1957-1979, gendarmerie dissolved in 1990 |
Ireland | Royal Irish Constabulary[1] | 1822 | 1922 | Royal added to the name in 1867. [2] | |
Italy | Italian Africa Police | Polizia dell'Africa Italiana | 1936 | 1944 | Operated throughout Italian East Africa |
National Republican Guard | Guardia Nazionale Repubblicana | 1943 | 1945 | Formed by the Italian Social Republic | |
Japan | Corps of Law Soldiers (lit) | Kempeitai | 1881 | 1945 | Part of the Imperial Japanese Army |
Naval Secret Police | Tokkeitai, 特警隊 | 1945 | The Imperial Japanese Navy's military police, they were equivalent to the Imperial Japanese Army's Kempeitai. They were also the smallest military police service. | ||
Special Higher Police | (特別高等警察, Tokubetsu Kōtō Keisatsu | 1911 | 1945 | Often shortened to Tokkō (特高, Tokkō ?),established specifically to investigate and control political groups and ideologies deemed to be a threat to public order. Its main function was as a civilian counterpart to the military's Kempeitai. | |
National Rural Police | National force in Japan until formation of JSDF and NPA | ||||
Luxembourg | Grand Ducal Gendarmerie | Gendarmerie Grand-Ducale | 1733 | 2002 | Dissolved under occupation from 1940 to 1952. Merged with Grand Ducal Police in 2002 |
Mexico | Rural Guard | Guardia Rural | 1861 | 1914 | In modern Mexico the name is applied to members of a part-time Rural Defence Corps |
Nicaragua | Nicaraguan Civil Guard | Guardia Civil Nicaragüense | 1909 | 1979 | Dissolved along with the Somoza regime. Concept of the Civil Guard were integrated into what would later become the National Police of Nicaragua |
Palestine (British Mandate) | Palestine Gendarmerie | 1920 | 1926 | Replaced by Transjordan Frontier Force on 1 April | |
Peru | Peruvian Gendarmerie | Gendarmería Nacional del Perú) | 1852 | 1924 | Became the basis of the Civil Guard |
Philippines | Philippine Constabulary | Hukbong Pamayapa ng Pilipinas | 1901 | 1991 | Became the basis of the present Philippine National Police |
Russian Empire | Special Corps of Gendarmes | Отдельный корпус жандармов | 1836 | 1917 | |
US Forces in West Germany | United States Constabulary | - | 1946 | 1952 | |
United States Indian Territory | Lighthorse | ? | The name given by the Five Civilized Tribes of the United States to their mounted police force. The US Army's cavalry performed gendarme duties until the advent of law and order. | ||
Vatican City | Corps of Gendarmes | Corpo della Gendarmeria | 1816 | 1974 | Replaced by a civilian Central Security Office which itself became the Corpo di Vigilanza dello Stato della Città del Vaticano |
- ^ Emsley, Clive (1999), Gendarmes and the State in Nineteenth-Century Europe, Oxford University Press, pp. 246–247, 267, ISBN 9780198207986,
Henry Goulburn...drafted a bill for a centralized, permanent armed constabulary linked to salaried police magistrates ... Even Grant condemned what he considered as an attempt 'to place the whole of Ireland under an armed police, to subject it to a species of gendarmerie'.
- ^ Replaced by the Royal Ulster Constabulary and the Garda Síochána on the partition of Ireland in 1922