Surflon S-111
Surflon S-111 (CAS 72968-3-88) is a commercial product consisting of perfluorinated carboxylic acids (PFCAs) in ammonium salt form. It is commonly used as a polymerization aid in the production of fluoropolymers.[1]
The dominant chemical compound is perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA) at 74% by weight, followed by the 11 carbon perfluoroundecanoic acid (20%), and the 13 carbon perfluorotridecanoic acid (5%).[2]
Surflon S-111 is synthesized in Japan by oxidizing a mixture of fluorotelomer olefins.[2] Fluorotelomer olefins are synthesized using a telomerization of tetrafluoroethylene taxogens (monomers),[1][3] followed by an ethylene insertion.[3] The olefin is oxidized, removing one carbon to yield products with an odd number of carbons[2] with even-lengthed fluorocarbon chains plus a carboxylic acid group. As the fluorotelomer olefins are dominated by F(CF2)8CH=CH2,[2][4] PFNA is the major PFCA product.
Surflon S-111 "is described as Fatty acids, C7-C13, perfluoro, ammonium salts".[2]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b PFOA in Norway TA-2354/2007 (PDF). Norwegian Pollution Control Authority. 2007. pp. 74–75. Retrieved 2009-04-06.[permanent dead link]
- ^ a b c d e Prevedouros K, Cousins IT, Buck RC, Korzeniowski SH (January 2006). "Sources, fate and transport of perfluorocarboxylates". Environ Sci Technol. 40 (1): 32–44. doi:10.1021/es0512475. PMID 16433330. Supporting Information (PDF).
- ^ a b Lehmler, HJ (Mar 2005). "Synthesis of environmentally relevant fluorinated surfactants—a review". Chemosphere. 58 (11): 1471–96. doi:10.1016/j.chemosphere.2004.11.078. PMID 15694468.
- ^ PERFORCE — PERFLUORINATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS IN THE EUROPEAN ENVIRONMENT (PDF). Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Universiteit van Amsterdam. 2006-09-15. p. 18. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
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