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Rosa Kerschbaumer-Putjata

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Rosa Kerschbaumer-Putjata
Born
Rosa Wassiljewna Schlykowa

21 April 1851
Moscow, Russian Empire
Died27 July 1923
Los Angeles, California
Children3
Scientific career
Fieldsophthalmology

Rosa Kerschbaumer-Putjata (née Wassiljewna Schlykowa, Russian: аиса Васильевна Шлыкова, 21 April 1851 – 27 July 1923)[1] was a Russian ophthalmologist and Austria's first female doctor.[2] She campaigned for women's right to study medicine in Austria.

Family

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Kerschbaumer-Putjata was born in 1851 in Moscow.[3] Her father Wassilij Schlykow (1815–1875) was a Russian State Councillor and member of the Russian landed gentry[3][4] and her mother was called Adelaida Ogarjowa (1826–1895).[5]

At the age of 18 she married Vladimir Putjata, a student and official of the censorship department at the Moscow Post Office.[5] They had three children and divorced in 1876.[4][5] She married Austrian doctor Friedrich Kerschbaumer in 1877 and thereafter used the surname Kerschbaumer-Putjata.[6]

Education and career

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Kerschbaumer-Putjata studied medicine in Switzerland, firstly at the Universität Zürich (University of Zurich) along with her sister Jenja. She achieved her doctorate from Universität Bern (University of Bern) in 1876[1] and trained in ophthalmology with Ferdinand von Arlt. Ten years before women were allowed to study medicine in Austria, Kerschbaumer-Putjata was granted a special permit by Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria to work as a doctor in the country[7][8]

Remembrance plaque to Kerschbaumer-Putjata in Salzburg, Schwarzstraße 32

In 1881, using her own funds Kerschbaumer-Putjata founded and ran an ophthalmology clinic on Schwarzstraße in Salzburg with her second husband.[9] She cared for poor eye patients free of charge and campaigned for Austrian women to be allowed to study medicine.[7][10] In 1896, Kerschbaumer-Putjata left Salzburg to head "mobile ophthalmological troops" in Russia and to teach at the medical academy in Saint Petersburg.[5] Kerschbaumer-Putjata next became a physician in Tbilisi, Georgia,[7] then returned to Austria in 1907.[6]

Throughout her career in Europe, Kerschbaumer-Putjata travelled to the major international congresses for ophthalmology and attended meetings of the Ophthalmological Society. She always employed young female doctors when she held senior positions.[5]

In 1911, Kerschbaumer-Putjata emigrated to the Seattle, Washington, United States of America,[6] when she was aged 60.[7] In 1915 she moved to Los Angeles, worked at the Good Samaritan Hospital and was a member of the Medical Society of the State of California.[5] She died in Los Angeles, California, in 1923.[1]

Legacy

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In 2008, a street in Salzburg was named in her honour.

References

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  1. ^ a b c "Kerschbaumer, Rosa". Frauen in Bewegung 1848–1938 (Women in Motion 1848–1938), Österreichische Nationalbibliothek (Austrian National Library). Retrieved 15 January 2025.
  2. ^ Gratzer, Wolfgang; Hahn, Sylvia; Malkiewicz, Michael; Veits-Falk, Sabine (2016-05-23). Salzburg: Sounds of Migration: Geschichte und aktuelle Initiativen (in German). Hollitzer Wissenschaftsverlag. ISBN 978-3-99012-326-3.
  3. ^ a b Ehrlich, Anna (2016-10-11). Ärzte, Bader, Scharlatane: Die Geschichte der österreichischen Medizin (in German). Amalthea Signum Verlag. ISBN 978-3-903083-49-3.
  4. ^ a b Nolte, Karen; Vanja, Christina; Bruns, Florian; Dross, Fritz (2017). Geschichte der Pflege im Krankenhaus: JAHRBUCH DER DEUTSCHEN GESELLSCHAFT FÜR KRANKENHAUSGESCHICHTEN / (Schwerpunktthema des wissenschaftlichen Teils) (in German). LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 370–371. ISBN 978-3-643-13791-3.
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Kerschbaumer Rosa". Biographische Datenbank und Lexikon österreichischer Frauen [Biographical Database and Lexicon of Austrian Women] (in German). Retrieved 2025-01-15.
  6. ^ a b c Kerschbaumer, Rosa; geb. Putiata von Schlikoff (in German). 2003. doi:10.1553/0x00282814. ISBN 978-3-7001-3213-4. Retrieved 2025-01-15. {{cite book}}: |website= ignored (help)
  7. ^ a b c d "Rosa Kerschbaumer-Putjata". Stadt Salzburg (in German). Retrieved 2025-01-15.
  8. ^ Šter, Katarina (2011-01-01). Historièni seminar 9 (in Slovenian). Založba ZRC. p. 36. ISBN 978-961-254-297-9.
  9. ^ Hutter, Clemens M. (15 May 2017). Stadtwandern in Salzburg (in German). Verlag Anton Pustet. ISBN 978-3-7025-8042-1.
  10. ^ Röhrlich, Elisabeth; Meisinger, Agners (2016-05-09). Migration und Innovation um 1900: Perspektiven auf das Wien der Jahrhundertwende (in German). Böhlau Verlag Wien. p. 190. ISBN 978-3-205-20258-5.
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