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Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux

Coordinates: 44°21′N 4°46′E / 44.35°N 4.77°E / 44.35; 4.77
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Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux Cathedral

The former French Roman Catholic Diocese of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Pauli Tricastinorum; French: Diocèse de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux), sometimes, just like the town, also known as the Diocese of Saint-Paul-en-Tricastin (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Pauli Tricastinorum; French: Diocèse de Saint-Paul-en-Tricastin), existed from the sixth century to the French Revolution.

Its see was at Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux, in the modern department of Drôme, southern France. Its territory was included in the expanded Diocese of Valence, by the Napoleonic Concordat of 1801.

History[edit]

Ancient Augusta Tricastinorum[1] became a bishopric in the Roman province of Gallia Viennensis by the 4th century. It first historically recorded bishop seems to be Florentius, who was a participant in the Council of Epaone (Burgundian Kingdom) in 517.

According to a legend of the fifteenth century, St. Restitutus, first Bishop of St-Paul-Trois-Châteaux, was the man born blind, mentioned in the Gospel. Local traditions also make Saints Eusebius, Torquatus, Paulus, Amantius, Sulpicius, Bonifatius, Castorinus and Michael early bishops of St-Paul-Trois-Châteaux, in the 3rd to 6th centuries.[2] Of those, Louis Duchesne regards St. Paulus (fourth or sixth century), patron saint of the city, as the earliest attested bishop, after whom the diocese was later named. The "three chateaux" never existed; they are the result of a linguistic error in which an extra "r" was added to the word "tricastinorum".[3]

The Diocese of St-Paul-Trois-Châteaux was always dependent on the archdiocese of Arles. Among its bishops were Heraclius (525-42), correspondent of Avitus of Vienne; Martin des Ormeaux (seventh century), who became a solitary.[4]

Owing to Saracen ravages from Iberia (827-29) the see of St-Paul-Trois-Châteaux was, by a decree of Gregory IV,[5] united aeque principaliter (i.e. in personal union) with that of Orange. By the 11th century, there were continuous squabbles between St-Paul-Trois-Châteaux and Orange, the former because of the union, the latter because of the assignment of parish churches.[6] In 1100, Pope Paschal II announced that, after extensive consultations, the longstanding union of the two dioceses should be dissolved.[7] In 1107, the Diocese of Orange was re-established.[8]

Pope Gelasius II visited St-Paul-Trois-Châteaux on 21 December 1118 during his exile from Rome.[9] He was on his way to Cluny, where he died on 29 January 1119.[10]

On 12 June 1911, the title of the diocese of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux was revived, though not the diocese itself. The title was assigned to the Diocese of Valence. Its former cathedral, Ancienne cathédrale Notre-Dame et Saint-Paul, dedicated to Saint Paul and the Assumption of the Virgin Mary, was not granted co-cathedral status.

Bishops of Saint-Paul[edit]

To 1200[edit]

...
  • Paulus (attested 374)[11]
...
  • Florentius (attested 517-523)[12]
  • Heraclius 527-541
  • Victor (attested 570-583)[13]
  • Eusebius (attested 584-585)[14]
  • Agricola (attested 614)[15]
  • Betto (attested c. 647-653)[16]
...
  • Bonifatius (II) (ca. 839)[17]
...[18]
  • Laudonus (attested 839?)[19]
  • Pons (attested 850-852)[20]
...
  • Udalric (1013-1058)
  • Geraldus D'Asteri (attested 1060-1085)[21]
  • Pons de Port (1095-1112)
  • Aimar Adhémar (1112?-1119)
  • Pons de Grillon (1134-1136)
  • Géraud II. (1138-1147)
  • Guillaume Hugues, (? - death 1179)
  • Bertrand de Pierrelatte (1179-1206)

1200 to 1600[edit]

  • Gaucerand (1206-1211)[22]
  • Geoffroy de Vogüé (1211-1233)
  • Laurent (1233-1251)
  • Bertrand de Clansayes (1251-1286)
  • Benoit (1288-1292)
  • Guillaume d'Aubenas (1293-1309)[23]
  • Dragonet de Montauban (1310-1328)[24]
  • Hugues Aimery (1328-1348)[25]
  • Guillaume Guitard (1348-1349)[26]
  • Jean Coci, O.E.S.A. (1349–1364)[27]
  • Jacques Artaud (1364-1367)[28]
  • Raimond Geoffroy de Castellane (1367-1378)
  • Adhémar Fabri de La Roche, O.P. (1378–1385) Avignon Obedience[29]
Jean de Murol (1385.07.12 – 1388.12.23) Apostolic Administrator Avignon Obedience[30]
  • Dieudonné D'Estaing (1388-1411)[31]
  • Hugues de Theissiac (1411 - death 1448)[32]
  • Pons de Sade (1444-1445)[33]
  • ? Romanet Velheu 1445-1449</ref>
  • John of Segovia (born Spain) (1449–1450)[34]
  • Étienne Genevès (1450-1473)
  • Ysembert de Laye 1473-1478
Father Astorge Aimery (1478 – 1480.12.11) Apostolic Administrator[35]
  • Jean de Sirac 1480-1482
  • Guillaume Adhémar de Monteil 1482-1516
  • ? Jacques de Vesc 1516 (Bishop-elect)
Father Antoine de Lévis de Château-Morand (1516 – 1526) Apostolic Administrator[36]
  • Michel D'Arandia (1526-1539)
  • Jean de Joly (1539-1579)
  • Thomas Pobel (1579-1582)
  • Jean-Baptiste Legras (1583 – 1583)
  • Antoine Gaume (1585-1598)

1600 to 1801[edit]

  • Antoine de Cros 1600-1630
  • François Adhémar de Monteil de Grignan (1630.12.16 – 1645.01.16)[37]
  • Jacques Adhémar de Monteil de Grignan (1645.03.20 – 1657)[38]
  • Claude Ruffier (1657-1674)
  • Luc d'Acquin (1674-1680)[39]
  • Louis-Aube de Roquemartine (1682.05.25 – death 1713.09.19)[40]
  • Joseph-Maurel du Chaffaut (1714-1717)
  • Claude de Simiane de Gordes (1717-1743)
  • Pierre-François-Xavier de Reboul de Lambert (1743-1791)
  • Pierre Genès Tavernier (1800-1802).

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Frank W. Walbank, "Some reflections on Hannibal's pass," in: Selected Papers: Studies in Greek and Roman History and Historiography, (Cambridge University Press, 2010), pp. 110-111.
  2. ^ Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 5-28, accepts Sulpicius, Eusebius, Torquatus, Bonifacius, Amantius. Castorinus, and Michael.
  3. ^ Pierre Sogno, Villages de la Drôme, (in French) (La Louvière: Les points cardinaux, 2007), p. 88: " Suite à une erreur linguistique au Moyen Age, Tricastinorum devint Tricastrinorum et la cité se trouva nantie de trois châteaux qui n'ont jamais existé." Edward A. Freeman, "Saint-Paul Trois-Chateaux," in: Archaeological Journal 45 (London 1888), pp. 12-21, at p. 14.
  4. ^ Catholic Encyclopedia: Valence
  5. ^ Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 41, suggests that the union might belong to the 10th century, "On reporte à son temps l'union de l'évêché d'Orange à celui de St-Paul, causée surtout par le manque de ressources du premier diocèse. Peut-être faut-il la renvoyer au commencement du X° siècle (voir à l'évêché d'Orange) ou a- t-elle été intermittente." The bull of Pope Urban II, (Denis de Sainte-Marthe, Gallia Christiana (Paris: Typographia Regia, 1715), "Instrumenta," p. 119): "Tricaltinus vero post diuturnam, et plusquam centenariam possessionem, venerabilium pontificum Romanorum, & Gregorii & Alexandri privilegiis, causæ suæ partes tuebatur."
  6. ^ "inter Tricaftinos et Arausicos diuturna contentio habita est, Tricastinis quidem de unitione, Arausicis vero de parochiarum ecclesiarum divisione contestantibus...."
  7. ^ Denis de Sainte-Marthe, Gallia Christiana (Paris: Typographia Regia, 1715), "Instrumenta," p. 120: "Jure enim & auctoritate esse vacuum quidquid prædecessorum nostrorum aliqua de Gregorii, Victoris, Alexandri & Urbani statutis Aurasicensis ecclesia Tricastinæ constet ecclesiæ esse unita quæstioni super hoc negotio diu ventilata, secundum statuta eorum, consilio confratrum nostrorum finem imponere decrevimus; & ut episcopo Tricastino de cetero sicut proprio pontifici postposita omni refragatione obediatis, apostolica auctoritate mandamus...."
  8. ^ Denis de Sainte-Marthe, Gallia Christiana (Paris: Typographia Regia, 1715), "Instrumenta," p. 119.
  9. ^ Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 47 , no. 56.
  10. ^ J.N.D. Kelly and M.J. Walsh, Oxford Dictionary of Popes, second edition (Oxford University Press, 2010), p. 163.
  11. ^ Bishop Paulus is identified with the Paulus who attended the council of Valence on 12 July 374. The name of the diocese and the name of the bishop, however, do not appear together. Duchesne, p. 263.
  12. ^ Bishop Florentius attended the Council of Epaone in 517, and the Council of Lyon, which was held between 518 and 523. Duchesne, p. 264, no. 2. Carolus de Clercq, Concilia Galliae (Turnhold: Brepols 1963), p. 36 ("Item Florentius in Christi nomine episcopus ciuitatis Trecastininsis relegi et subscripsi.").
  13. ^ Victor: Duchesne, p. 264, no. 4.
  14. ^ Bishop Eusebius participated in the council of Valence in 584, and was represented at the council of Mâcon in 585. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 33-34.
  15. ^ Bishop Agricola attended the council of Paris on 10 October 614. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 34: "Ex civitate Trigassinum Agricola episcopus."
  16. ^ Betto attended the council of Chalon-sur-Saône, held on 25 October, between 647 and 653, summoned by King Clovis II. C. DeClercq, Concilia Galliae, A. 511 – A. 695 (Turnholt: Brepols 1963), p. 302. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 34: "Item Betto episcopus ecclesie Trecastinensis subscripsi."
  17. ^ Sainte-Marthe, Gallia Christiana I, "Instrumenta," p. 119: "Tres itaque Tricastinæ ecclesiæ clerici super evangelia facro-fancta jurarunt, se vidisse et legisse Romani pontificis Gregorii bullatum privilegium Bonifacio Tricastino episcopo attributum, per quod prædictæ ecclesiæ fuerant coünita." Gregory IV ruled 827–844.
  18. ^ In the episcopal list, Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 1. before the name "Pontius I" appear the names Segaldus, Bertrandus I, Aldebranus I, Berniconius, Aldebranus II. These names are all rejected by Duchesne, p. 264: "Depuis cet évêque [Berto] on n'en connaît aucun autre avant le temps de Louis le Pieux."
  19. ^ Laudonis was elected by the clergy and people of Orange and Tricastensis on 19 February 839. Duchesne, p. 265. Denis de Sainte-Marthe, Gallia Christiana (Paris: Typographia Regia, 1715), "Instrumenta," p. 119. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, [https:// books.google.com/books?id=WG47AQAAMAAJ&pg=PA45 p. 41], suggests a date of 909.
  20. ^ Pons (I): Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 41-42.
  21. ^ Gérard attended the council of Avignon in 1060, and was the recipient of three letters from Pope Alexander II. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 44.
  22. ^ Gaucerand had been abbot of the monastery of Insula Barbara near Lyon. Bishop Gaucerand died on 10 May 1211. Eubel, Hierarchia catholica I, p. 497 with note 1.
  23. ^ Guillaume: Albanès, "Les évêques de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux...," Vol. 5 (1885), pp. 384-388.
  24. ^ Dragonet: Albanès, "Les évêques de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux...," Vol. 5 (1885), pp. 388-391. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 126-136.
  25. ^ Hugues consecrated the new cathedral of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux on 3 June 1348. He died in July 1348. Albanès, "Les évêques de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux...," Vol. 5 (1885), pp. 398-400; Vol. 6 (1885), pp. 5-8. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 136-155.
  26. ^ Guitard was appointed bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux on 14 August 1348. He was transferred to the diocese of Lisieux by Pope Clement VI on 4 November 1349. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, p. 155-160, esp. p. 157, no. 340. Eubel I, pp. 304, 497.
  27. ^ Coci had previously been Bishop of Vence (1347–1348), then Bishop of Grasse (1348–1349). He was appointed bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux by Pope Clement VI on 4 November 1349. He died in the spring of 1364. Albanès, "Les évêques de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux...," Vol. 6 (1885), pp. 11-15. Eubel I, p. 497. There was no sede vacante of three years.
  28. ^ Artaud held the degree of bachelor of laws, and was a canon of the cathedral of Die. He was named bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux by Pope Urban V on 10 July 1364. He was transferred to the diocese of Gap on 10 April 1366. He died in August 1399. Albanès, "Les évêques de Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux...," Vol. 6 (1885), pp. 17-20. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 168-177. Eubel I, p. 497. Eubel I, pp. 497, 514.
  29. ^ Aimar Fabri de La Roche, previously Bishop of Bethléem à Clamecy (1363–1378). He was transferred to the diocese of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux by Pope Clement VII (Robert of Geneva) on 10 November 1378. Fabri was named bishop of Geneva on 12 July 1385 by Clement VII. He died on 8 October 1388. Eubel I, pp. 135, 260, 497.
  30. ^ , while Cardinal-Priest of Ss. Vitale, Valeria, Gervasio e Protasio (1385.07.12 – death 1399.02.10); previously Bishop of Genève (Switzerland) ([1377.09.08] 1378.01.27 – 1385.07.12)
  31. ^ Diodatus was appointed on 23 December 1388 by Pope Clement VII. Bishop Hugues de Theissiac was named administrator of the diocese of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux on 11 February 1411 by Pope John XXIII in place of the deceased Bishop Dieudonné. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 204-232. Eubel I, p. 497.
  32. ^ , also Bishop of Vaison (1412 – 1445)
  33. ^ , next Bishop of Vaison (1445 – 1473)
  34. ^ Juan de Segovia was a delegate to the Council of Basel and served as its historian. He was appointed bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux by Pope Felix V on 24 July 1449, while Cardinal-Priest of S. Maria in Trastevere (1440–1458); he was then Bishop of Saint-Jean-de-Maurienne (1451–1453), when he retired and was granted the title of Archbishop of Cæsarea (1453–1458). He died on 24 May 1458. Anne Marie Wolf, Juan de Segovia and the Fight for Peace: Christians and Muslims in the Fifteenth Century South Bend: University of Notre Dame Pess, 2014. Mandell Creighton, A History of the Papacy During the Period of the Reformation, Volume 2 (Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, 1882), pp. 514-515, 542. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 268-269.
  35. ^ , no other prelature; next Metropolitan Archbishop of Vienne (France) (1480.12.11 – death 1482)
  36. ^ , without prelature; later Metropolitan Archbishop of Embrun (France) (1526 – 1561) and Bishop of Saint-Flour (France) (1547 – death 1565)
  37. ^ , next Metropolitan Archbishop of Arles (France) ([1644.03.31] 1645.01.16 – death 1689.03.09)
  38. ^ , next Coadjutor Bishop of Uzès (France) ([1657.05.22] 1658.09.30 – 1660.02.12), succeeding as Bishop of Uzès (France) (1660.02.12 – death 1674.09.13)
  39. ^ Lucas d'Aquin was a doctor of Canon Law (Paris), and was a canon of the cathedral of Tulle. He was nominated bishop of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux by King Louis XIV on 6 June 1674, and confirmed by Pope Clement X on 11 June 1674. In 1675, he was a deputy of the ecclesiastical province of Arles to the General Assembly of the Clergy of France. He was transferred to the diocese of Fréjus on 17 March 1681. He died in Paris on 2 March 1718. Albanès, Gallia christiana novissima, pp. 618-623. Ritzler & Sefrin VI, pp. 204 with note 5; 389 with note 2.
  40. ^ , previously Bishop of Grasse (France) ([1675.09.16] 1676.11.16 – 1682.05.25)
  41. ^ , while Metropolitan Archbishop of Arles (France) ([1775.02.26] 1775.04.24 – death 1792.09.02)

Sources[edit]

  • Gams, Pius Bonifatius (1873). Series episcoporum Ecclesiae catholicae: quotquot innotuerunt a beato Petro apostolo. Regensburg: Typis et Sumptibus Georgii Josephi Manz. pp. 619–620. (with the supplement) (Use with caution; obsolete)
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1913). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 1 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. p. 301.
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1914). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 2 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana. p. 175.
  • Eubel, Conradus, ed. (1923). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. 3 (second ed.). Münster: Libreria Regensbergiana.
  • Gauchat, Patritius (Patrice) (1935). Hierarchia catholica (in Latin). Vol. IV (1592-1667). Münster: Libraria Regensbergiana. p. 219.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1952). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. V (1667-1730). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
  • Ritzler, Remigius; Sefrin, Pirminus (1958). Hierarchia catholica medii et recentis aevi (in Latin). Vol. VI (1730-1799). Patavii: Messagero di S. Antonio.
  • Jean, Armand (1891). Les évêques et les archevêques de France depuis 1682 jusqu'à 1801 (in French). Paris: A. Picard.
  • Pisani, Paul (1907). Répertoire biographique de l'épiscopat constitutionnel (1791-1802) (in French). Paris: A. Picard et fils.

Bibliography[edit]

  • Papal Bulla Qui Christi Domini, in Bullarii romani continuatio, Vol. XI, Rome 1845, pp. 245–249

External links[edit]

44°21′N 4°46′E / 44.35°N 4.77°E / 44.35; 4.77

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