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Raoul II of Clermont

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Raoul II of Clermont
Raoul II de Clermont
Constable of France
Reign1285–1302
Grand Chamberlain of France
Reign1283–1302
Seigneur of Nesle
Reign1286–1302
Viscount of Châteaudun jure uxoris
Reignc. 1268–1302
Bornc. 1245
Died1302
Kortrijk
SpouseAlix of Dreux
Isabelle of Hainault
IssueAlix
Isabelle
Beatrix
HouseHouse of Clermont-en-Beauvaisis
also House of Creil
also House of Clermont-Nesle
FatherSimon II of Clermont
MotherAdele of Montfort
Coat of arms used by Raoul II of Clermont. It is a combination of Clermont with the two barbels of Bar,[1] overall a silver (argent) three-point label added for difference.

Raoul II/III of Clermont-Nesle (c. 1245 – Kortrijk, 11 July 1302) was Seigneur (Lord) of Nesle in Picardy (de), Viscount of Châteaudun (de), Grand Chamberlain of France and Constable of France.

Biography

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Raoul was the eldest son of Simon II of Clermont (c. 1216 – 1286) by Adele ("Alix") of Montfort (d. 1279),[2] daughter of Amaury VI of Montfort.[a]

Raoul de Clermont was one of the most important generals of King Louis IX of France. He participated in most campaigns of the King, including the Eighth Crusade against Tunis. appointed Constable of France in 1285 (probably), he fought in the Aragonese Crusade and in the Franco-Flemish War (1297–1305) against the County of Flanders, with Count Guy of Dampierre, his in-law. The governor of Flanders, Jacques de Châtillon, put in place by the French king was also Raoul's in-law. The French King Philip "the fair" (1268–1314) sent him with his brother Guy I of Clermont, Marshal of France, to attack the enemy at the Siege of Lille (1297), where they were victorious and took a large number of prisoners. In 1302, together with his brother Guy, he fought under Robert II, Count of Artois against the Flemish in the Battle of the Golden Spurs at Kortrijk, and the French army was utterly defeated, all three killed and the Flemish regained independence.

His daughter Alix succeeded in Châteaudun but record about succession in Nesle is not present.

Marriage and issue

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Raoul married firstly in c.1268 Alix (Yolande) of Dreux (c. 1255 – c. 1293), Viscountess of Châteaudun, daughter of Robert of Dreux (1217–c. 1264), and Clemence, Viscountess of Châteaudun. Raoul and Alix had three daughters:

In January 1296 Raoul married secondly Isabelle of Hainaut (d. c. 1305), daughter of John II, Count of Holland and Philippa of Luxembourg. They had no recorded children. Some genealogists attribute Isabelle and Béatrix to this second marriage.

Ancestry

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There are multiple issues with the genealogy, discussed in "Simon II of Clermont".

Notes

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  1. ^ His father had a brother called Raoul (d. a. 1243), sometimes numbered II, causing confusion about the parentage of Raoul's children, as either somehow might come into question. Having Raoul's uncle as No. II and his nephew as Raoul IV, makes himself No. III. There are other issues with the genealogy, as discussed in the article about Simon II

References

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  1. ^ Reginald I, Count of Bar is probably in the ancestry, but this coat of arms predates him.
  2. ^ Civel 2006, p. 184.

References

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  • Civel, Nicolas (2006). La fleur de France: les seigneurs d'Ile-de-France au XIIe siècle. Brepols.
Raoul II of Clermont
Born: c. 1245 Died: 1302
Political offices
Preceded by
Humbert II/VI of Beaujeu (fr)
Constable of France
1285–1302
Succeeded by
Preceded by Grand Chamberlain of France
1283–1302
Succeeded by
Mathieu IV of Montmorency (fr)
possibly already earlier
French nobility
Preceded by Seigneur of Nesle
1286–1302
Succeeded by
Alix of Clermont ?
Preceded by
Alix of Dreux
Viscount of Châteaudun
jure uxoris with Alix of Dreux

c.1268–1302
Succeeded by
Alix of Clermont