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Provincial correctional services in Canada

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In Canada, the criminal legal system is divided into federal and provincial/territorial jurisdictions. Provincial/territorial correctional facilities hold people who have been sentenced to less than two years in custody and people being held on remand (waiting trial or sentencing). Federal Correctional Facilities, which are the responsibility of Correctional Service of Canada—is concerned with people who have been sentenced to two years or more in custody.[1]

Provincial/territorial jurisdiction includes: remand for those with a custody sentence of less than two years; community sentences such as fines, community service, or probation; including pre-trial supervision, community and custody sentences, and Extrajudicial Sanctions Programs. Youth criminal legal facilities and sentencing are also provincial/territorial but are usually governed by the ministry responsible for child and youth services, rather than the body responsible for adult corrections.

Though immigration detention is facilitated by the Canada Border Services Agency, immigration detainees may also be kept in provincial/territorial facilities because either the federal Immigration Holding Centres (IHCs) are full, there is no IHC in their region, or the detainee's file has a link to criminality.[2]

Alberta

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Corrections in Alberta are administered by the Correctional Services of the Ministry of Justice.[3]

  • Calgary Correctional Centre
  • Calgary Remand Centre
  • Edmonton Remand Centre — largest in Canada
  • Fort Saskatchewan Correctional Centre
  • Lethbridge Correctional Centre
  • Medicine Hat Remand Centre
  • Peace River Correctional Centre
  • Red Deer Remand Centre
  • Fort Saskatchewan Correctional Centre (3 camps)
    • Metis Nation Wilderness Camp
    • Alsike Minimum Security Camp (closed April 2009)
    • Fort McMurray Minimum Security Camp (closed)
  • Kainai Community Correctional Centre

British Columbia

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Corrections in British Columbia are administered by B.C. Corrections under the Ministry of Public Safety and Solicitor General. As of April 2021, BC has 10 correctional centres throughout the province.[4]

Name Location[5] Security
Alouette Correctional Centre for Women Maple Ridge Multilevel
Ford Mountain Correctional Centre Chilliwack Medium/open custody
Fraser Regional Correctional Centre Maple Ridge Multilevel
Kamloops Regional Correctional Centre Kamloops Multilevel
Nanaimo Correctional Centre Nanaimo Medium/open custody
North Fraser Pretrial Centre Port Coquitlam Remand
Okanagan Correctional Centre Oliver Multilevel
Prince George Regional Correctional Centre Prince George Multilevel
Surrey Pretrial Services Centre Surrey Remand
Vancouver Island Regional Correctional Centre Victoria Multilevel

Manitoba

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Correctional services in Manitoba are administered by Manitoba Corrections, under the province's Department of Justice.[6]

Name[6] Location Security Inmates[7][8]
Agassiz Youth Centre (AYC) Portage la Prairie Multilevel Youth males
Brandon Correctional Centre Brandon Medium Adult males
Headingley Correctional Institution MB Highway 1 Multilevel Adult males
Manitoba Youth Centre (MYC) Winnipeg Multilevel Youth males & females
Milner Ridge Correctional Centre Agassiz Provincial Forest, Beausejour Multilevel Adult males
The Pas Correctional Centre The Pas. Multilevel Adult males & females
Winnipeg Remand Centre Downtown Winnipeg Multilevel Adult males & females
Women’s Correctional Centre Headingley Multilevel Adult females

New Brunswick

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Southeast Regional Correctional Centre outside Shediac, New Brunswick

Correctional services in New Brunswick are administered by the Community & Correctional Services of Department of Justice and Public Safety.[9]

Name[9] Location Notes
Dalhousie Regional Correctional Centre Dalhousie established 2011;[9] estimated cost: $16M[10]
Island View Community Residential Centre Fredericton
Madawaska Regional Correctional Centre Saint-Hilaire established 1980[9]
New Brunswick Women's Correctional Centre Miramichi established 2011[9]
New Brunswick Youth Centre Miramichi established 1998[9]
Saint John Regional Correctional Centre Saint John established 1981[9]
Southeast Regional Correctional Centre Shediac established 2012;[9] estimated cost: $40M[10]
Bathurst Day Detention Centre Bathurst closed 2011[10]
Moncton Detention Centre Moncton closed 2011[10]

Newfoundland and Labrador

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Correctional services in Newfoundland and Labrador are administered by the Corrections and Community Services branch of the Department of Justice and Public Safety.[11]

Name Location Security Inmates Notes[11]
Bishop’s Falls Correctional Centre Bishop's Falls minimum Adult males
  • opened in 1983
Corner Brook Lockup Corner Brook remand Adult males & females
  • operated by the Adult Custody Division since 1981
His Majesty’s Penitentiary St. John’s medium/maximum Adult males
  • constructed in 1859; renovated in 1945, 1981, 1994
  • houses all admissions from the Avalon Peninsula, high-security male inmates, long-term remands, and those awaiting transfer to a federal penitentiary
Labrador Correctional Centre Happy Valley-Goose Bay minimum/medium Adult
Newfoundland & Labrador Correctional Centre for Women Clarenville minimum/remand Adult females
  • opened in 1982
  • the only facility for female prisoners in the province
Newfoundland and Labrador Youth Centre[12] Whitbourne Youth
St. John’s Lockup St. John’s remand Adult males & females
  • operated by the Adult Custody Division since 1981
  • a short-term holding unit for inmates remanded to await court appearance
  • under the auspices of His Majesty's Penitentiary
St. John’s Youth Detention Centre[12] St. John’s Youth
West Coast Correctional Institution Stephenville minimum/medium Adult
  • constructed in 1978
Salmonier Correctional Institution closed 2004

Nova Scotia

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Corrections in Nova Scotia are administered by the Correctional Services of the province's Department of Justice.[13]

Current facilities, as of April 2021[14]
Name Location Security Inmates Notes
Cape Breton Correctional Facility[15] Sydney medium Adult males
  • opened on 21 February 1975
  • capacity of 96 adult male offenders (also operates, as needed, a 4-bed dorm for adult women and a 6-bed temporary detention facility for youth)
  • co-located with the Cape Breton Youth Detention Facility
Cape Breton Youth Detention Facility[16] remand (up to 72 hours) Youth males & females
  • opened on 28 August 2006
  • capacity of 8 offenders (boys and girls are housed separately)
  • co-located with the Cape Breton Correctional Facility
Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility[17] Dartmouth medium Adult males & females
Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility[18] New Glasgow Adult
  • opened in February 2015 (replaced the Antigonish and Cumberland correctional facilities)
  • capacity of 196 offenders
  • designed with two separate units—Alpha and Bravo—each consisting of 3 smaller ‘living units’ for offenders, including a 40-bed, 38-bed, and a 20-bed living space.
  • services courthouses in Truro, Amherst, Pictou, Antigonish, and Port Hawkesbury.
Nova Scotia Youth Centre[19] Waterville multilevel/remand Youth males & females
  • opened on 20 June 1988
  • 120 cells (boys and girls are housed in separate living units)
  • co-located with an IWK Health Centre site
  • partnered with the Annapolis Valley Regional School Board to operate Valley Integrated Youth Services (formerly Centre 24-7), an off-site education program
Southwest Nova Scotia Correctional Facility[20] Yarmouth medium/minimum Adult males
  • opened on 1 April 2004
  • replaced the Yarmouth Correctional Centre
  • capacity of 38 sentenced/remanded adult male offenders
Closed facilities
Name Location Closed Replaced by Inmates Notes
Antigonish Correctional Facility Antigonish 2015 Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility[18] Adult males
  • opened in 1948
  • 17 beds
Colchester Correctional Centre Colchester 2001 Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility Adult
Cumberland Correctional Facility Cumberland 2015 Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility[18] Adult males
  • opened in 1890; renovated 1978;
  • 29 beds
Guysborough Correctional Centre Guysborough 2000 Adult
Halifax Correctional Centre Halifax 2001 Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility Adult
Kings Correctional Centre Kings 2001 Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility Adult
Lunenburg Correctional Centre Lunenburg 2001 Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility Adult
Yarmouth Correctional Centre Yarmouth 2004 Southwest Nova Scotia Correctional Facility Adult

Northwest Territories

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Corrections in the Northwest Territories are administered by the Corrections Service of the territory's Department of Justice.[21]

Name[21] Location Security Inmates Notes
Fort Smith Correctional Complex[22] Fort Smith minimum/medium Adult males & females
  • holds territorial and federal offenders, as well as remanded inmates
  • male unit formerly Riverrige Correctional Centre
  • female unit formerly Territorial Women's Correctional Centre
North Slave Correctional Complex[23] Yellowknife multilevel/remand Adult males; Youth males & females
South Mackenzie Correctional Centre[24] Hay River minimum/medium Adult males
  • holds territorial and federal offenders

Nunavut

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Corrections in Nunavut are administered by Nunavut Ministry of Justice.

Nunavut prisons, as of September 2021[25]
Name Location Security Inmates Notes
Aaqqigiarvik Correctional Healing Facility (ACHF) Iqaluit minimum-maximum Adult males (143) opened in 1986 (as Baffin Correctional Centre)
Kugluktuk Ilavut Centre (KIC) Kugluktuk minimum (halfway house) Adult males (15) opened in 2005
Rankin Inlet Healing Facility (RIHF) Rankin Inlet minimum-medium Adult males (48) opened in 2013
Nunavut Women's Correctional Centre (NWCC) Iqaluit Adult females opened in 2010
Uttaqivik Community Residential Centre (CRC) Iqaluit minimum (halfway house) Adult males (14) opened in 2000
Isumaqsunngittukkuvik Youth Facility Iqaluit multilevel Youth males & females (12) opened in 1989

Ontario

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Main article: List of provincial correctional facilities in Ontario

Adult corrections in Ontario are administered by the Ministry of the Solicitor General, whereas youth detention centres for secure detention of young people ages 12–18 are administered by the Ministry of Children, Community and Social Services.

Prince Edward Island

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Corrections in Prince Edward Island are administered by the Community and Correctional Services Division of the Ministry of Justice and Public Safety and Attorney General.[citation needed]

  • Prince County Correctional Centre — Summerside
  • Prince Edward Island Youth Centre — Summerside
  • Provincial Correctional Centre — Charlottetown

Quebec

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Main article: List of provincial prisons in Quebec

Corrections in Quebec are administered by the Direction générale des services correctionnels of the province's Ministry of Public Security (French: Ministère de la Sécurité publique).

Saskatchewan

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Corrections in Saskatchewan are administered by the Ministry of Corrections, Public Safety and Policing.[citation needed]

Yukon

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Corrections in Yukon are administered by the Community and Correctional Services Branch of the Ministry of Justice.

  • Whitehorse Correctional Centre — a multi-level 190-inmate facility, for adult males and females, completed in February 2012 and built next to an existing prison building (c. 1967)[26]
  • Justice Wellness Centre — Whitehorse[citation needed]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Government of Canada, Correctional Service of Canada (2010-07-28). "Frequently asked questions - Correctional Service Canada". www.csc-scc.gc.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  2. ^ "Arrests, detentions and removals - Immigration holding centres". Canada Border Services Agency. CBSA. Retrieved 18 April 2021.
  3. ^ "Ministry of Justice". www.alberta.ca. Government of Alberta. Retrieved January 2, 2023.
  4. ^ "Corrections - Province of British Columbia". www2.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  5. ^ Corrections. "Correctional Centres Mailing Addresses - Province of British Columbia". www2.gov.bc.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  6. ^ a b "Contact info | Community Safety Division (Manitoba Corrections)". Manitoba Justice. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  7. ^ "Adult Correctional Centres". Manitoba Justice. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  8. ^ "Youth Correctional Centres." Manitoba Justice. Retrieved 2021-01-26.
  9. ^ a b c d e f g h "Institutions | Corrections". Government of New Brunswick. 2019-08-19. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  10. ^ a b c d cbc.ca: "Bathurst jail closing", 30 Mar 2011
  11. ^ a b "Institutional Services". Justice and Public Safety. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  12. ^ a b "Contact". Justice and Public Safety. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  13. ^ "Department of Justice Correctional Services | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  14. ^ "Adult Correctional Facilities | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  15. ^ "Cape Breton Correctional Facility | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  16. ^ "Cape Breton Youth Detention Facility | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  17. ^ "Central Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  18. ^ a b c "Northeast Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  19. ^ "Nova Scotia Youth Facility | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  20. ^ "Southwest Nova Scotia Correctional Facility | novascotia.ca". novascotia.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
  21. ^ a b "Correctional facilities". www.justice.gov.nt.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  22. ^ "Fort Smith Correctional Complex". www.justice.gov.nt.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  23. ^ "North Slave Correctional Complex – Young Offender Unit". www.justice.gov.nt.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  24. ^ "South Mackenzie Correctional Centre". www.justice.gov.nt.ca. Retrieved 2021-04-18.
  25. ^ Tranter, Emma (September 5, 2019). "New Iqaluit correctional facility going up". Nunatsiaq News. Retrieved March 25, 2020.
  26. ^ "Learn about the Whitehorse Correctional Centre". yukon.ca. 2019-09-14. Retrieved 2021-04-19.
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