Perlia's nucleus

Perlia's nucleus, also known as nucleus of Perlia and abbreviated as NP, is a nucleus located in the mesencephalon, in front of the Edinger-Westphal nucleus^[1] and between the right and left oculomotor nuclei, it is implicated in parasympathetic oculomotor functions, possibly including input to the iris and ciliary.^[2]^[3] Perlia's nucleus is believed to be a characteristic found exclusively in animals capable of binocular vision. Moreover, it might be an exclusive characteristic of humans, as indicated by a systematic study of monkey brains, where only 9% exhibited a clear midline group, potentially corresponding to the NP.^[4]

In 1891, Perlia's nucleus was identified as a central mediator for the convergent movement of the eyes based on clinical findings in ophthalmospegias.^[5] It has also recently been attributed an important role in the upward movement or gaze of the eyes.^[1]

References

^ ^a ^b Ogut, Eren; Kaya, Pamirhan; Karakas, Ozge; Yildiz, Edanur; Sozge, Ilgin (2024-04-07). "Investigations into the anatomical location, physiological function, clinical implications, and significance of the nucleus of Perlia". Acta Neurologica Belgica. doi:10.1007/s13760-024-02533-w. ISSN 2240-2993.
^ Waitzman, David M.; Oliver, Douglas L. (2002-01-01), "Midbrain", in Ramachandran, V. S. (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Human Brain, New York: Academic Press, pp. 43–68, ISBN 978-0-12-227210-3, retrieved 2023-09-08
^ "NEUROANATOMY I. - Structures of the CNS". www.nan.upol.cz. Retrieved 2023-09-08.
^ Kozicz, Tamás; Bittencourt, Jackson C.; May, Paul J.; Reiner, Anton; Gamlin, Paul D. R.; Palkovits, Miklós; Horn, Anja K.E.; Toledo, Claudio A. B.; Ryabinin, Andrey E. (2011-06-01). "The Edinger-Westphal nucleus: A historical, structural, and functional perspective on a dichotomous terminology". The Journal of Comparative Neurology. 519 (8): 1413–1434. doi:10.1002/cne.22580. ISSN 0021-9967. PMC 3675228. PMID 21452224.
^ Warwick, Roger (1955). "THE SO-CALLED NUCLEUS OF CONVERGENCE". Brain. 78 (1): 92–114. doi:10.1093/brain/78.1.92. ISSN 0006-8950.

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[:0-1] Ogut, Eren; Kaya, Pamirhan; Karakas, Ozge; Yildiz, Edanur; Sozge, Ilgin (2024-04-07). "Investigations into the anatomical location, physiological function, clinical implications, and significance of the nucleus of Perlia". Acta Neurologica Belgica. doi:10.1007/s13760-024-02533-w. ISSN 2240-2993.

[2] Waitzman, David M.; Oliver, Douglas L. (2002-01-01), "Midbrain", in Ramachandran, V. S. (ed.), Encyclopedia of the Human Brain, New York: Academic Press, pp. 43–68, ISBN 978-0-12-227210-3, retrieved 2023-09-08

[3] "NEUROANATOMY I. - Structures of the CNS". www.nan.upol.cz. Retrieved 2023-09-08.

[4] Kozicz, Tamás; Bittencourt, Jackson C.; May, Paul J.; Reiner, Anton; Gamlin, Paul D. R.; Palkovits, Miklós; Horn, Anja K.E.; Toledo, Claudio A. B.; Ryabinin, Andrey E. (2011-06-01). "The Edinger-Westphal nucleus: A historical, structural, and functional perspective on a dichotomous terminology". The Journal of Comparative Neurology. 519 (8): 1413–1434. doi:10.1002/cne.22580. ISSN 0021-9967. PMC 3675228. PMID 21452224.

[5] Warwick, Roger (1955). "THE SO-CALLED NUCLEUS OF CONVERGENCE". Brain. 78 (1): 92–114. doi:10.1093/brain/78.1.92. ISSN 0006-8950.

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See also

References