List of citrus fruits

Common group names

Citrus species

Overview of citrus species
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Bergamot orange	Citrus bergamia	Citrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon and bitter orange.
Citron	Citrus medica	A citrus fruit with a lot of variations.
Clymenia
Desert lime	Citrus glauca	Found in lowland subtropical rainforest and dry rainforest areas of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Early settlers consumed the fruit and retained the trees when clearing for agriculture. Commercial uses include boutique marmalade and restaurant dishes, and is exported for such.
Finger lime	Citrus australasica	The finger lime has been recently popularised as a gourmet bushfood. Finger lime is thought to have the widest range of colour variation within any Citrus species.
Ginger lime Adajamir	Citrus assamensis	Native to Assam and Bangladesh. It is locally cultivated for its fruit, which give a very sour juice with an aroma reminiscent of ginger or eucalyptus.
Hyuganatsu Konatsu Tosakonatsu New Summer Orange	Citrus tamurana	Hyuganatsu (Citrus tamurana, Japanese: 日向夏) is a citrus fruit and plant grown in Japan. The name comes from Hyūga, the ancient name of Miyazaki Prefecture in Kyushu, where the citrus is said to have originated, while "natsu" (夏) means summer. Hyūganatsu grown outside Kyushu are sometimes shipped under different names such as Konatsu (小夏), Tosakonatsu (土佐小夏), or New Summer Orange (ニューサマーオレンジ).
Kabosu	Citrus sphaerocarpa	A citrus fruit of an evergreen broad-leaf tree in the family Rutaceae. It is popular in Japan, where its juice is used to improve the taste of many dishes, especially cooked fish, sashimi, and hot pot dishes.
Kawachi Bankan	Citrus kawachiensis	Two varieties of Kawachi Bankan have been identified: one, a hybrid between the ujukitsu (seed parent, Citrus ujukitsu) and an unidentified species (pollen parent), and the other, a hybrid between the yuge-hyoukan (seed parent, Citrus yuge-hyokan) and an unidentified species (pollen parent).
Koji orange	Citrus leiocarpa	Also called smooth-fruited orange in English, is a Citrus species native to Japan.
Kumquat	Citrus japonica	Historically also sometimes thought to be a part of its own Genus, called Fortunella.
Lemon	Citrus limon	A species of small evergreen trees in the flowering plant family Rutaceae, native to Asia, primarily Northeast India (Assam), Northern Myanmar or China.
Mandarin orange Mandarin Mandarine	Citrus reticulata
Mangshanyegan	Citrus mangshanensis
Myrtle-leaved orange tree Chinotto	Citrus myrtifolia	Citrus myrtifolia, the myrtle-leaved orange tree, is a species of Citrus with foliage similar to that of the common myrtle. It is a compact tree with small leaves and no thorns which grows to a height of 3 m (10 ft) and can be found in Malta, Libya, the south of France, and Italy (primarily in Liguria, typically Savona, and also in Tuscany, Sicily, and Calabria). It is an essential flavoring agent of most Italian amari, of the popular Campari apéritif, and of several brands of carbonated soft drinks that are generically called "chinotto".
Pomelo Pummelo Pommelo Shaddock	Citrus maxima	Sometimes called Citrus grandis.
Round lime Australian lime Australian round lime	Citrus australis	Citrus australis, the Dooja, round lime, or Australian round lime, is a large Australian lime shrub or small tree producing an edible fruit. It grows in forest margins in the Beenleigh area and northwards, in Queensland, Australia.
Satsuma Cold hardy mandarin Satsuma mandarin Satsuma orange Christmas orange Tangerine	Citrus unshiu	Citrus unshiu is a semi-seedless and easy-peeling citrus species.
Sudachi	Citrus sudachi
Tangerine	Citrus tangerina

Citron

Overview of citrons
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Citron	Citrus medica
Balady citron Israel citron	Citrus medica	Grown in Israel and used for Jewish ritual purposes.
Buddha's hand Bushukan Fingered citron	Citrus medica var. sarcodactylis	Buddha's hand can be found in Northeast India as well as China.
Corsican citron	Citrus medica
Diamante citron	Citrus medica var. diamante
Etrog	Citrus medica
Greek citron	Citrus medica
Moroccan citron	Citrus medica
Pompia	Citrus medica tuberosa

Clymenia

Overview of clymenias
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Clymenia	Clymenia sp.	Clymenia is a small genus of flowering plants in the family Rutaceae with two species. The genus is often included in Citrus. Clymenia fruits are a small hesperidium, a citrus fruit. Sweet and lemony in flavor, the tangerine-sized fruits are highly segmented, with yellow pulp, and a leathery rind. They contain a large number of polyembryonic seeds.
Clymenia platypoda B.C.Stone	Clymenia platypoda
Clymenia polyandra (Tanaka) Swingle	Clymenia polyandra

Lime

Overview of limes
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Lime
Desert lime	Citrus glauca	Found in lowland subtropical rainforest and dry rainforest areas of Queensland and New South Wales, Australia. Early settlers consumed the fruit and retained the trees when clearing for agriculture. Commercial uses include boutique marmalade and restaurant dishes, and is exported for such.
Finger lime	Citrus australasica	The finger lime has been recently popularised as a gourmet bushfood. Finger lime is thought to have the widest range of colour variation within any Citrus species.
Ginger lime Adajamir	Citrus assamensis	Citrus assamensis, the adajamir or ginger lime, is a species of flowering plant in the family Rutaceae, native to Assam and Bangladesh. It is locally cultivated for its fruit, which give a very sour juice with an aroma reminiscent of ginger or eucalyptus.
Key lime	Citrus × aurantiifolia
Persian lime Tahiti lime Bearss lime	Citrus × latifolia	This lime is commonly dried to make a spice.

Mandarin

Overview of mandarins
Common name(s)	Image	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Mandarin orange Mandarin Mandarine		Citrus reticulata
Kanpei		Citrus reticulata 'Kanpei'	Kanpei, also known as Ehime queen splash, is a Citrus cultivar that originated in Japan. Kanpei was created by crossing the dekopon and nishinokaori varieties in 1991, although it was not officially introduced until August 2007.

Orange

Overview of oranges
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Orange
Bergamot orange	Citrus bergamia	Citrus bergamia, the bergamot orange, is a fragrant citrus fruit the size of an orange, with a yellow or green colour similar to a lime, depending on ripeness. Genetic research into the ancestral origins of extant citrus cultivars found bergamot orange to be a probable hybrid of lemon and bitter orange.
Blood orange	Citrus × sinensis	The blood orange, or raspberry orange, is a variety of sweet orange (Citrus × sinensis) with crimson, near blood-colored flesh. it is believed to be a cross between a sweet orange and a berry.
Bitter orange Seville orange Sour orange Bigarade orange Marmalade orange	Citrus × aurantium var amara
Koji orange	Citrus leiocarpa
Navel orange	Citrus × sinensis
Sweet orange Orange	Citrus × sinensis

Papeda

Overview of papedas
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Papeda		Papedas are a group of less palatable, slow-growing, hardy citrus native to Asia, formerly placed in the subgenus Papeda of the genus Citrus. The papeda group includes some of the most tropical, and also some of the most frost-tolerant citrus plants. They are cultivated far less often than other citrus, though they will all hybridize with other citrus. This group contains about 15 species.
Ichang papeda	Citrus cavaleriei
Kaffir lime	Citrus hystrix

Other cultivars and hybrids

Overview of various citrus cultivars and hybrids
Common name(s)	Taxonomic name/constituents	Notes
Amanatsu Natsumikan	Citrus natsudaidai	A group of cultivars of Citrus natsudaidai, which were discovered in 1740 in the Yamaguchi prefecture of Japan. Yellowish-orange in colour, about the size of grapefruit and oblate in shape. The fruit contains 12 segments and about 30 seeds. The natsumikan tree is believed to be genetically derived from the pomelo (Citrus maxima).
Calamondin Calamansi	× Citrofortunella mitis	Calamansi, also known as calamondin, Philippine lime, or Philippine lemon, is an economically important citrus hybrid predominantly cultivated in the Philippines. It is native to the Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, and Sulawesi in Indonesia in Southeast Asia, Malaysia as well as southern China and Taiwan in East Asia.
Cam sành	Citrus reticulata × maxima
Citrange	Citrus sinensis × Poncirus trifoliata
Citrumelo	× Citroncirus ssp.	Citrumelo is also called Swingle citrumelo trifoliate hybrid, because it is cold hardy and is a hybrid between a 'Duncan' grapefruit and a trifoliate orange, developed by Walter Tennyson Swingle.
Clementine	Citrus × clementina	A clementine is a tangor, a citrus fruit hybrid between a willowleaf mandarin orange and a sweet orange, named in honour of Clément Rodier, a French missionary who first discovered and propagated the cultivar in Algeria. The exterior is a deep orange colour with a smooth, glossy appearance.
First Lady Anadomikan	Citrus × iyo
Florentine citron	Citrus × limonimedica
Grapefruit	Citrus × paradisi	a cross between a pomelo and sweet orange.
Haruka	Citrus tamurana × natsudaidai
Hassaku	Citrus × hassaku
Jabara	Citrus × jabara
Kobayashi mikan	Citrus natsudaidai × unshiu
Tsunonozomi	Kiyomi × Encore
Lumia	Citrus × lumia	Lumias represent several distinct citrus hybrids. Usually lumias are referred to as a citron hybrid, because of their size, thick peel and dryness of pulp.
Meyer lemon	Citrus × meyeri	a cross between an orange and a lemon. This species tastes like lemon and has more juice.
Orangelo	C.paradisi × C. sinensis
Oroblanco Sweetie	C. maxima × C. paradisi	A sweet seedless citrus hybrid fruit (grapefruit × pomelo). Oroblanco was developed as a cross between a diploid acidless pomelo and a seedy white tetraploid grapefruit, resulting in a triploid seedless fruit that is less acidic and less bitter than the grapefruit.
Ponkan	Citrus poonensis	Ponkan (Citrus poonensis; "Chinese Honey Orange") is a high-yield sweet Citrus cultivar with large fruits in the size of an orange. It is a citrus hybrid (mandarin × pomelo), though it was once thought to be a pure mandarin.
Taiwan tangerine Flat lemon Hirami lemon Thin-skinned flat lemon	Citrus × depressa
Tangelo Honeybell	C. reticulata × C. maxima or ×C. paradisi
Tangor	C. reticulata × C. sinensis
Jamaican tangelo	C. reticulata × C. paradisi
Kinkoji unshiu	C. obovoidea × C. unshiu
Kinnow	C. nobilis × C. deliciosa
Kiyomi	Citrus unshiu × Citrus sinensis	Kiyomi (清見, kiyomi) (Citrus unshiu × sinensis) is a Japanese citrus fruit that is a hybrid of a Miyagawa Wase mikan and an orange.
Ponderosa lemon	Citrus maxima × C. medica
Rangpur Lemandarin	Citrus × limonia
Shangjuan Ichang lemon	Citrus cavaleriei × C. maxima
Shonan Gold	Citrus flaviculpus hort. ex Tanaka (Ōgonkan) × Citrus unshiu
Sweet limetta Mediterranean sweet lemon Sweet lemon Sweet lime	Citrus limetta (C. medica × C. × aurantium )	Citrus limetta, alternatively considered to be a cultivar of Citrus limon, C. limon 'Limetta', is a species of citrus, commonly known as mousami, musami, sweet lime, sweet lemon, and sweet limetta, it is a member of the sweet lemons. It is small and round like a common lime in shape. It is a cross between the citron (Citrus medica) and a bitter orange (Citrus × aurantium).
Volkamer lemon	Citrus volkameriana (C. medica × C. reticulata )	Like the Rangpur lime and rough lemon, it is a hybrid of a mandarin orange (C. reticulata) and a citron (C. medica), with the citron being the pollen parent and the mandarin being the seed parent. The fruit is moderately large (around the size of an orange), seedy, round and slightly elongated, and yellow-orange in color.
Yukou	Citrus yuko	The yūkō (ゆうこう), also written yukou, is a Japanese citrus found in the Nagasaki Prefecture and Saga Prefecture of Japan. Genetic analysis has shown it to be a cross between the kishumikan and koji, a part-tachibana orange hybrid native to Japan.
Yuzu	Citrus cavaleriei × C. reticulata	A unique Japanese citrus. It is commonly used to make tea and essential oil.

External links

"The Citrus Family Tree", National Geographic

Common group names

Citrus species

Citron

Clymenia

Lime

Mandarin

Orange

Papeda

Other cultivars and hybrids

See also

External links