Jump to content

Indiggo

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Indiggo
Indiggo on the single cover of "La La La"
Background information
Birth name
  • Gabriela Modorcea
  • Mihaela Modorcea
Also known asIndiggo Twins
Born (1985-06-07) June 7, 1985 (age 39)
Brașov, Romania
Genres
Occupations
  • Actresses
  • choreographers
  • composers
  • costume designers
  • dance teachers
  • dancers
  • novelists
  • poets
  • reality television personalities
  • singers
  • songwriters
Instruments
Years active2000–present
Labels
Website

Indiggo and the Indiggo Twins are the stage names for Gabriela Modorcea and Mihaela Modorcea, twin sisters and Romanian-American professional actresses, dancers, singers, and writers. They were born in Romania, received visas for extraordinary artistic abilities, became American citizens and live in New York City. They speak English, French, German and Romanian and sing in seven languages.

They wrote, composed, choreographed, designed and perform their Off Broadway play Wicked Clone The Cinema Musical (2018) based on Mihaela's 500-page novel Wicked Clone or how to deal with the evil (2016). New York City Guide's Theatre Editor Griffin Miller describes the show as “a rare piece of visual and audio creativity” that "turns the tables on tradition by telling ‘the story of a vampire bitten by a human being’”. They wrote, composed, arranged, designed and performed their original cast recording album of 25 "immortal" songs.[1]

American rappers Kanye West and Jay-Z sampled Indiggo's single "La La La" (2011) on their collaborative album Watch the Throne (2011). New York Times reviewer Jon Caramanica describes the sample as "moving" and a "gem".[2] Their singles "Hip Hop Jam" (2003) and "Be My Boyfriend" (2006) entered the top of the charts and the singles and their album Indiggo found commercial success in Germanic territories. They signed a worldwide, multi-year, co-publishing/grand rights deal with international music publisher Imagem.

Mihaela has written two poetry books, Rage and Love and Wicked Clone or how to get reborn. Gabriela appeared in the film National Lampoon's Van Wilder: The Rise of Taj (2006) and in the Law & Order: Special Victims Unit episode "Hothouse". They were semi-finalists on America's Got Talent and acted in the Russian-American film Lyubov v bolshom gorode (No Love in the Big City). They have performed in a number of awarded musicals and finished seventh in the Romanian qualifiers for the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest.

Background

[edit]

Romanian childhood

[edit]

The twins were born in 1985[3][4] in Brașov, Transylvania, Romania.[5] Their father, Grid,[6] a PhD, writer,[7] filmmaker[6] and critic,[8] worked for 30 years as a film producer and screenwriter at the Romanian National Center for Cinematography and for Romanian National Television.[7] Their mother, Violeta,[6] has a PhD and is a writer,[9][10] literature teacher[11] and translator of Mongolian,[12][13] Russian,[14] and American[15] literature.[16] [11]

At the age of six, they began studying piano, guitar,[citation needed] canto and dance.[11] At the age of twelve, they debuted on Christmas Eve on Romanian Television singing the carol "Colinde, colinde", written by Mihai Eminescu, generally regarded as Romania's greatest poet.[17] They have performed regularly on German and European TV shows.[11] They speak English, French, German and Romanian and sing in seven languages.[11]

They graduated from the Theatre Department of the National University of Theatre and Film "I.L.Caragiale" in Bucharest, Romania,[18][19] with the highest[17] score of 10.[20] They are the first twin actresses in Romanian theater.[20] After graduation, they went to Germany to record "I do not need Georgie Clooney, I do not need David Beckham," composed by their producer, Dieter Bohlen,[20] and to study acting.[18][19]

Adulthood

[edit]

They continued their study of acting in New York where they live.[11][18][19] In 2008, they received visas under the extraordinary artistic abilities category.[21][22] They have appeared on The Tyra Banks Show, TMZ, The Happy Hour (FOX Business Network) and Hair Battle Spectacular (Oxygen (TV channel)); in advertisements for Dell Computers, the New York Knicks and Wodka Gorbatschow, and in music videos with Danny Aiello, Lindsay Lohan, 50 Cent and Kanye West.[11][better source needed] In October 2013, they became American citizens, performing The Star-Spangled Banner during their oath ceremony.[23][24]

In August 2011, they signed a worldwide, multi-year co-publishing/grand rights deal with international music publisher Imagem.[25][better source needed][26][27][better source needed]

They are members of ASCAP (American Society of Composers, Authors and Publishers).[28] They created and teach Hip Hop Belly Dancing at a dance studio in the Flatiron District of New York City.[29][30][better source needed] They are working on an album with American music manager DAS Communications' David Sonenberg, Peter Zizzo, Rockwilder, DJ Paul Oakenfold, and Swizz Beatz.[25][26]

Music

[edit]

Indiggo (2000) and "Hip Hop Jam" (2003)

[edit]

MediaPro Music released their first CD album Indiggo (2000),[31] containing several hit singles: "Nu-mi pasa", "Clar de luna" and "Am eu grija de mine",[32] and selling in over 20 European countries, including Austria, Germany and Switzerland.[citation needed] Indiggo's first Europe-wide single, "Hip Hop Jam", (BROS Music, 2003), a song with Cuban influences[33] produced by David Brandes, entered the German charts.[34]

"Be My Boyfriend" (2006)

[edit]

On February 24, 2006, they qualified for the National Final of the Romanian qualifications for the 2006 Eurovision Song Contest and on February 26, performing "Be My Boyfriend", they finished seventh.[35] On March 10, Sony BMG Music Entertainment, Ariola, released the pop/rock CD single "Be My Boyfriend",[36] which entered the German charts.[37]

"Love Struck" (2007)

[edit]

Of the five songs Indiggo submitted for the 2007 Eurovision Song Contest, two were their own compositions, the other three were composed by Dieter Bohlen, Thomas G:son and Philip Vella.[38] Of the 259 songs submitted, "Love Struck", composed by Thomas G:son and written by Gerard James Borg, was one of the 24 songs selected for the semi-finals.[39][40]

"La La La" (2011)

[edit]

In August 2011, rappers Jay-Z and Kanye West released their first collaborative album, Watch the Throne.[2] The track "Murder to Excellence" contains a sample of Indiggo's "La La La".[41] Complex's Kathy Iandola says "La La La" is a "tribal pop track" that becomes "haunting" as Jay-Z and Kanye West discuss the rise in murder rates and black on black crime.[41] The rappers describe Indiggo as "ambassadors of the great Romanian tradition".[28][2]

On December 16, 2011, DAS Label, Inc. released Indiggo's "La La La".[42] Complex, a New York City youth culture magazine reporting on trends in music with a focus on hip hop, ranks Indiggo's "La La La" 18th on their Best White Girl Vocal Samples in Rap History,[41] and the New York Times' Jon Caramanica describes it as "moving" and a "gem".[2]

Wicked Clone The Cinema Musical (2018)

[edit]

Working since 2010,[43] through three showcases[44][45] and three productions,[46][47][48] they wrote, composed, choreographed, designed and perform their Off Broadway play Wicked Clone The Cinema Musical (2018).[1] Basing the show on their 500-page bestseller Wicked Clone or how to deal with the evil (2016),[1] a cinema novel,[49][50] the original story begins in 15th century Transylvania, with the birth of identical twin sisters Mihaela and Gabriela, and tracks Mihaela, whose desire to be human and loved takes her to modern day New York City; and Gabriela, who ventures through time and space to return her sister to her vampiric heritage.[1] The 90 minute[1] show is a blend of musical theatre and film[49][43] with a mystical story,[51] film projections from beginning till the end,[46] 21 original compositions,[1] dancing[51] and a symphonic soundtrack.[1]

City Guide's Theatre Editor Griffin Miller describes the show as "a rare piece of visual and audio creativity" with "totally Transylvanian vogue" costumes, "supernatural ambience, unique staging and ... immortal" performances that "turns the tables on tradition by telling 'the story of a vampire bitten by a human being'", and says, "this wildly inventive show—involving singing, dancing, time-travel, film, and a symphonic soundtrack—beckons theatregoers to the underbelly of Nuevo Entertainment".[1]

They released a cast album of 25 original songs through Broadway Records digitally on September 21, 2018,[52] and physically on October 5, 2018,[53][54] which they wrote, arranged and produced.[55] They play piano, guitar and drums and sing in different harmonies.[55] The album has four opening songs, 19 songs from the show (from "La La La," sampled in Watch the Throne, to "I am Like God") and two closing songs.[56]

Other endeavors

[edit]

Poetry

[edit]

In 2006, Mihaela published her first poetry book, Rage and Love.[11][57] In 2015, she published her second poetry book, Wicked Clone or how to get reborn.[58]

Stage

[edit]

In 2006, they played the leads Louise and Henriette in the musical The Two Orphans at the Casandra Theater,[20] the theatre of the "L. L. Caragiale" National Theater and Cinema Art University,[59] winning the Grand Prix at the Graduates' Gala.[20] Monica Andronescu in Jurnalul National describes the show as a parody of a typical romance where an abandoned child is found after years of suffering and wandering. She continues, "An extraordinary explosion of energy and talent sums up the show The Two Orphans … It is worth highlighting the interpretation of the two orphans, Mihaela and Gabriela Modorcea, who prove, besides acting talent, real musical skills."[59]

After seeing their performance, Romanian playwright Dumitru Radu Popescu, former chairman of the Romanian Writers' Union,[60] wrote a play for them, Two Sisters, published in the award-nominated[61] volume Mr. Fluture and Mrs. Fluture.[citation needed] Later, Romanian director Mihai Maniutiu cast Mihaela and Gabriela in Eugene Ionesco's The Future is in Eggs.[62] Romanian Alexa Visarion directed them as the Twin Towers in America Alive, a show in memory of September 11, 2001.[63]

Film

[edit]

Gabriela acted in the movie Van Wilder: The Rise of Taj (2006)[64] as "Taj's Sister". In 2009, they acted together in the Russian-American film Lyubov v bolshom gorode[64] (No Love in the Big City[65][66]), as "Bliznyashka No. 1." and "Bliznyashka No. 2.".[66][67][better source needed]

Television

[edit]

In 2008, Gabriela appeared as "Veronica Pankovich" on the episode "Hothouse" of the television series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, which first aired on NBC on January 13, 2009.[68][69] Later in 2008, they were semi-finalists on Season 3 of America's Got Talent, an American television reality show talent competition.[70]

Discography

[edit]
  • Indiggo (2000), Indiggo, Bucharest, Romania: MediaPro Music
  • Indiggo (2003), Hip Hop Jam, Weil am Rhein, Germany: Bros Music
  • Indiggo (March 10, 2006), Be My Boyfriend, Munich, Germany: Sony BMG Music Entertainment and Ariola Records
  • Indiggo Twins (December 16, 2011), La La La, New York City, New York: DAS Label
  • Indiggo Twins (December 4, 2014), Cover Me, New York City, New York: Indiggo Twins
  • Indiggo Twins (April 13, 2015), Tell Me Less & Love Me More, New York City, New York: Indiggo Twins
  • Indiggo Twins (September 21, 2018), Wicked Clone, New York City, New York: Broadway Records

Publications

[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h Miller, Griffin (March 29, 2018), "Bloodlust on Off-Broadway: Wicked Clone the Cinema Musical", City Guide, New York City, New York: Davler Media Group, retrieved July 30, 2018
  2. ^ a b c d Caramancia, Jon (August 9, 2011), "Two Titans Share the Seat of Power", The New York Times, New York City, New York, retrieved August 12, 2018
  3. ^ Ziaristi Online (December 10, 2012), O veste americana: Gemenele scriitorului Grid Modorcea in Topul celor mai frumoase actrite din lume [American news: The twins of writer Grid Modorcea in the Top of the Most Beautiful Actresses in the World] (in Romanian), retrieved August 12, 2018
  4. ^ Cancan (November 29, 2012), Gemenele Indiggo s-au dezbracat pentru Picasso! Uite ce opera de arta a scos un artist rus, care le-a pictat direct pe piele! [Indiggo twins get naked for Picasso! Look at the artwork of a Russian artist who painted them directly on the skin!] (in Romanian), retrieved August 11, 2018
  5. ^ Nir, Sarah Maslin (April 29, 2011), "You Singing' to Me?", The New York Times, New York City, New York, retrieved September 9, 2018
  6. ^ a b c Revistavip, La multi ani, Grid Modorcea! [Happy Birthday, Grid Modorcea!] (in Romanian), retrieved August 12, 2018
  7. ^ a b Arta Sunetelor, Grid Modorcea - MAGNUM OPUS, retrieved August 13, 2018
  8. ^ Modorcea, Grid (August 8, 2018), Correspondence from USA : THE ANGRY SNOWBIRD by James Jennings – REVIEW, Jurnalul Bucurestiului, retrieved August 12, 2018
  9. ^ Modorcea, Violeta, Contractul sau Cum am devenit vampiri [The contract or How we became vampires : Dracula's girls'/Indiggo twins' show]
  10. ^ Biblioteca Universităţii din Craiova (Library of the University of Craiova), Modorcea, Violeta, retrieved August 8, 2018
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h Talent in Motion Magazine (2010), On the Cover: Indiggo Twins (PDF), vol. Winter, retrieved August 12, 2018
  12. ^ Nuvela mongola contemporana [Contemporary Mongolian novels] translated by Modorcea and Ciurca
  13. ^ Biblioteca Județeană „G.COȘBUC” [County Library of George Cosmic], Nuvela mongolă contemporană [Contemporary Mongolian novels], archived from the original on August 16, 2018, retrieved August 15, 2018
  14. ^ Esenin, Serghei (September 8, 1977), "Mirgorodul de fier" [The Iron Mirgorod], România Literară (in Romanian), translated by and presented by Modorcea, Violeta, Bucharest: Fundaţia România literară [Literary Romania Foundation], pp. 20–21
  15. ^ Modorcea, Mihaela, Clona Rea sau Ce sa faci cu Raul [Wicked Clone or how to deal with the evil]
  16. ^ Visarion, Alexa (1997), "Back Cover", in Mihaela, Violeta, Viziuni teatrale complementare : Cehov şi Gorki [Complementary theatrical visions: Chekhov and Gorky]
  17. ^ a b Modorcea, Grid, Twins Indiggo, "Indiggo Biography", p.  251
  18. ^ a b c Samolia, Ionela (November 29, 2012), O romanca a intrat in topul celor mai frumoase actrite din lume [A Romanian has entered the top of the most beautiful actresses in the world] (in Romanian), Ziare.com, retrieved August 13, 2018
  19. ^ a b c Cancan (November 29, 2012), La ea nu te asteptai! O romanca in topul celor mai frumoase actrite din lume [She did not expect it! A Romanian in the top of the most beautiful actresses in the world] (in Romanian), retrieved August 12, 2018
  20. ^ a b c d e Hurezean, Gabriela (July 5, 2006), "Gemenele Indiggo nu-i vor pe Clooney si pe Beckham" [Indiggo twins do not want Clooney and Beckham], 9am.ro (in Romanian), Bucharest, Romania: InternetCorp, retrieved September 4, 2018
  21. ^ indiggotwins (October 7, 2013), INDIGGO Twins sings The American National Anthem "The Star-Spangled Banner", retrieved August 13, 2018
  22. ^ Modorcea, Grid, Twins Indiggo, “Indiggo Biography”, p.  252
  23. ^ Stiri din Romania (February 26, 2004), Toata lumea le stia ca gemenele Indigo! Uite ce fac astazi Gabriela si Mihaela in America! [Everyone knew the Indiggo twins! Here's what Gabriela and Mihaela did today in America!] (in Romanian), archived from the original on February 16, 2015, retrieved August 12, 2018
  24. ^ Indiggo; Indiggo Twins, So Happy to Have Just Become US Citizens! God Bless America!, Indiggo Twins, retrieved August 13, 2018[permanent dead link]
  25. ^ a b Music News Desk (August 10, 2011), Imagem Music Signs The Indiggo Twins, Broadway World, retrieved August 12, 2018
  26. ^ a b CMU Editorial (August 11, 2011), Imagem signs Indiggo Twins, Complete Music Update, retrieved August 12, 2018[permanent dead link]
  27. ^ Libertatea (March 15, 2012), Gemenele Indiggo, sexy pe Broadway [Indiggo twins, sexy on Broadway] (in Romanian), Bucharest, Romania: Ringier, retrieved September 1, 2018
  28. ^ a b West, Kanye; Carter, Shawn, Watch the Throne PDF digital booklet, p.  13
  29. ^ Lippe-McGraw, Jordi (January 6, 2017), "The best belly dancing classes in NYC", Time Out New York, London, England, Hip Hop Belly Dance at Stepping Out Studio, retrieved September 3, 2018
  30. ^ Gheorghe, Florian (March 9, 2017), "EXCLUSIV / Gemenele de la Indiggo au luat o pauză din alergătura spre celebritate. Au ajuns profe de dans din buric!" [EXCLUSIVE / The Indiggo twins have taken a break from the celebrity run. They came to the dance of belly dancing!], Libertatea (in Romanian), Bucharest, Romania: Ringier, retrieved September 3, 2018
  31. ^ Radu, Dia (2000), Asii adolescentilor [Asian teenagers] (in Romanian), vol. 442, Bucharest: Formula AS, retrieved August 11, 2018
  32. ^ "3 Vedete Romanesti Care Si-Au Incercat Norocul Peste Hotare" [3 Romanians who have tried their luck over the border], Stiri [News] online, December 22, 2017, retrieved September 14, 2018[permanent dead link]
  33. ^ Modorcea, Grid, Twins Indiggo, “Indiggo Biography”, p.  253
  34. ^ Hitparade.ch | Die Offizielle Schweizer Hitparade [The official Swiss hit parade], "Indiggo - Hip Hop Jam", swisscharts.com, Urdorf, Switzerland: Hung Medien, retrieved September 8, 2018{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  35. ^ "Details : Romania 2006  (0977)", ESCHistory, retrieved September 14, 2018[permanent dead link]
  36. ^ AllMusic (March 10, 2006), Indiggo | Be My Boyfriend, All Media Network, retrieved August 28, 2018 {{citation}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  37. ^ Hitparade.ch | Die Offizielle Schweizer Hitparade [The official Swiss hit parade], "Indiggo - Be My Boyfriend", swisscharts.com, Urdorf, Switzerland: Hung Medien, retrieved September 11, 2018{{citation}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  38. ^ "Indiggo concureaza cu cinci piese la Eurovision". 9am.ro. Retrieved July 28, 2014.
  39. ^ "Maltese song in Romania's Eurovision selection". Times of Malta. January 31, 2007. Retrieved March 25, 2014.
  40. ^ Barry Viniker (January 18, 2007). "Eurovision Center – Romania: The finalists". esctoday.com.
  41. ^ a b c Iandoli, Kathy (January 24, 2013), "18. Jay-Z & Kanye West "Murder to Excellence" (2011)", The 20 Best White Girl Vocal Samples in Rap History, New York City: Complex Music, archived from the original on September 30, 2015, retrieved August 26, 2018
  42. ^ iTunes (December 16, 2011), La La La - Single, retrieved August 27, 2018
  43. ^ a b Tiffaney, Ashley (July 13, 2018), Indiggo Twins Wicked Clone The Cinema Musical, BronxNet, retrieved July 30, 2018
  44. ^ Modorcea, Grid (July 11, 2013), "Indiggo Twins din nou la The Bitter End din New York" [Indiggo Twins again at The Bitter End in New York], Napoca News (in Romanian), archived from the original on March 4, 2014, retrieved September 14, 2018
  45. ^ BWW News Desk (August 24, 2016), 3rd Annual New York New Works Festival Presents Tomorrow's Broadway Sensations, Broadway World, retrieved July 31, 2018
  46. ^ a b Stewart, Zachary (October 28, 2017), "Meet the Transylvania Twins Behind the Craziest Show in New York This Halloween", TheaterMania, New York City, New York: AudienceView, retrieved July 30, 2018
  47. ^ BWW News Desk (March 6, 2018), "New Musical WICKED CLONE Tale of a Vampire Bitten By A Human, Opens Thursday At The Davenport Theatre", Broadway World, New York City, New York: Wisdom Digital Media, retrieved July 30, 2018
  48. ^ Rickwald, Bethany (September 24, 2018), "Broadway Records Announces Wicked Clone or How to Deal With Evil Cast Recording", TheaterMania, New York City, New York: AudienceView, retrieved September 26, 2018
  49. ^ a b Libertatea (September 7, 2016), Zi mare pentru fetele de la Indiggo! Speră să dea lovitura după nouă ani de muncă și umilință în SUA! [Big day for girls from Indiggo! Hoping to run after nine years of work and humiliation in the US!] (in Romanian), Bucharest, Romania: Ringier, retrieved September 3, 2018
  50. ^ Google Books (December 19, 2016), Wicked Clone Or How to Deal with the Evil, Mountain View, California, ISBN 9780990446712, retrieved September 9, 2018 {{citation}}: |author= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  51. ^ a b Libertatea (October 1, 2015), Gemenele de la Indiggo vor cânta pe Broadway! Nu la faimosele teatre ci la o braserie de pe bulevardul newyorkez [Indiggo twins will sing on Broadway! Not at the famous theaters, but at a brasserie on the New York Boulevard] (in Romanian), Bucharest, Romania: Ringier, retrieved September 3, 2018
  52. ^ iTunes Preview (September 21, 2018), "Wicked Clone or How to Deal with the Evil (Original Off-Broadway Cast Recording) | Indiggo Twins", Apple Inc., Cupertino, California, retrieved September 24, 2018
  53. ^ "Wicked Clone (Original Off-Broadway Cast Recording)", Broadway Records, 2018, retrieved September 17, 2018[permanent dead link]
  54. ^ BWW News Desk (September 15, 2018), "Off-Broadway Cast Recording of WICKED CLONE Now Available for Pre-Order", Broadway World, New York City, New York: Wisdom Digital Media, retrieved September 25, 2018
  55. ^ a b BWW News Desk (September 15, 2018), "WICKED CLONE The Cinema Musical Features Theater, Film, Music, And Dracula's Daughters", Broadway World, New York City, New York: Wisdom Digital Media, retrieved September 17, 2018
  56. ^ Modorcea, Gabriela; Modorcea, Mihaela, Wicked Clone liner notes, p.  2
  57. ^ Modorcea, Mihaela, Furie și iubire [Rage and Love]
  58. ^ Modorcea, Mihaela, Wicked Clone or how to get reborn
  59. ^ a b Andronescu, Monica (January 25, 2006), "Salata verde cu iubire" [Green salad with love], Jurnalul National [National Journal], Bucharest, Romania: SC Intact Publishing, retrieved September 14, 2018
  60. ^ "Dumitru Radu Popescu, Writer", Romania on Line, archived from the original on August 1, 2020, retrieved September 11, 2018
  61. ^ "Premiile Uniunii Scriitorilor pe anul 2006" [The Writers' Union Awards for 2006], HotNews.ro, Bucharest, Romania: MediaBit Software, April 27, 2007, retrieved September 14, 2018
  62. ^ Prelipceanu, Nicolae (June 2005), "Viitorul e în ouă de Ionesco, în regia lui Măniuţiu" [The future is in the eggs of Ionesco, directed by Măniuţiu], LiterNet.ro, retrieved September 14, 2018
  63. ^ Modorcea, Grid, Twins Indiggo, “Indiggo Biography”, pp.  254-5
  64. ^ a b "Gabriela Modorcea - Filmography", Movies & TV Dept., The New York Times, New York City, New York, 2016, archived from the original on February 4, 2016, retrieved September 7, 2018
  65. ^ Nathan Southern (2016), "Lyubov v bolshom gorode (2009)", Movies & TV Dept., The New York Times, New York City, New York, archived from the original on February 4, 2016, retrieved September 7, 2018
  66. ^ a b "Mihaela Modorcea", IMDb, Amazon, retrieved September 13, 2018
  67. ^ "No Love in the City (2009) | Full Cast & Crew", IMDb, Amazon, retrieved September 13, 2018
  68. ^ Green and Dawn, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit: The Unofficial Companion, p.  361
  69. ^ Wolf, Dick (January 13, 2009), "Hothouse", Law & Order: Special Victims Unit (season 10), New York City New York: Universal Media Studios, 41:51
  70. ^ "Indiggo, în semifinala de la America's got talent (Video)" [Indiggo in the semifinals of America's got talent (Video)], MediaFax.ro (in Romanian), Bucharest, Romania: MediaPro Group, August 26, 2008, retrieved September 14, 2018

Bibliography

[edit]
[edit]