Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station
 | |
| Location(s) | Tennent, Australian Capital Territory, AUS |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 35°35′01″S 148°58′37″E / 35.5836°S 148.977°E |
| Telescope style | ground station  |
  Location of Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station | |
The Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station was a NASA Earth station in Australia near Canberra. It was instrumental to the Apollo program. The station was opened in 1967 and closed in 1981.
History
[edit]
Honeysuckle Creek with a 26 metre dish is renowned as the station which received and relayed to the world the first televised footage of astronaut Neil Armstrong setting foot on the Moon in July 1969.[1][2] Apart from television pictures, Honeysuckle Creek and Canberra Deep Space Communications Complex, Tidbinbilla had communication and telemetry contact with the Eagle lunar and Columbia command modules.
Much of this was dramatised as involving Parkes Observatory in the 2000 Australian film The Dish. In fact, Parkes received pictures only came into play later in the moon landing. Six hours after landing, the first steps on the Moon were transmitted from Honeysuckle Creek, after an initial attempt to use the pictures from Goldstone had been hampered by operator error and poor scan conversion settings. Although the Parkes antenna was more powerful than Honeysuckle, the angle of its dish – at a lowermost pitch of 30 degrees and buffeted by wind gusts up to 100 km/h – was not in line to receive signals during the first seven minutes of the moon landing.[3] Honeysuckle Creek signals were sent direct to Overseas Telecommunications Commission in Sydney via Williamsdale and Red Hill in Canberra.[4] Working for NASA, Charlie Goodman selected the audiovisual feeds from Honeysuckle Creek and Parkes for worldwide broadcasts.
The Honeysuckle Creek and Tidbinbilla antennas were built and run by NASA, but staffed by Australians. It was the policy of the Australian Government that the director had to be a citizen or permanent resident of Australia. When Apollo missions ended in 1972, Honeysuckle Creek was redirected to the new Skylab program. As well, it was used for experiments with Apollo scientific stations placed on the Moon by astronauts.
At the end of the Skylab program in 1974, Honeysuckle Creek was connected to the Deep Space Network with the designation Deep Space Station 44. Honeysuckle Creek closed in December 1981. The 26m antenna was relocated nearby to the Canberra Deep Space Communications Complex at Tidbinbilla, and redesignated Deep Space Station 46. The antenna was decommissioned in late 2009. In May 2010, the American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics declared the antenna a Historical Aerospace Site. The antenna remains in perpetuity as a historical site at Tidbinbilla.[5]
Today, at Honeysuckle Creek, the concrete foundation is the only remnant of the tracking station. An outdoor display was added in 2001. Honeysuckle Creek is considered the geographical centre of the Australian Capital Territory.[6]
Climate
[edit]The climate of Honeysuckle Creek, as to be expected of its much greater elevation, is significantly cooler than that of Canberra. Notwithstanding, its maximum temperatures are warm relative to elevation, due to the fact that it still lay on the leeward (eastern) side of the Brindabella Range.
Annually, it receives 14.4 snowy days on average.[7]
| Climate data for Honeysuckle Creek (1967–1981); 1,116 m AMSL; 35.58° S, 148.98° E | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 36.1 (97.0) |
34.7 (94.5) |
30.0 (86.0) |
26.1 (79.0) |
20.0 (68.0) |
17.2 (63.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
19.2 (66.6) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.1 (79.0) |
32.2 (90.0) |
35.0 (95.0) |
36.1 (97.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 23.3 (73.9) |
23.0 (73.4) |
19.9 (67.8) |
15.9 (60.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
8.5 (47.3) |
7.9 (46.2) |
9.1 (48.4) |
12.1 (53.8) |
15.8 (60.4) |
18.3 (64.9) |
22.1 (71.8) |
15.6 (60.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 10.7 (51.3) |
11.0 (51.8) |
8.7 (47.7) |
5.2 (41.4) |
2.5 (36.5) |
−0.1 (31.8) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
−0.2 (31.6) |
1.5 (34.7) |
4.5 (40.1) |
6.4 (43.5) |
8.6 (47.5) |
4.8 (40.7) |
| Record low °C (°F) | 1.4 (34.5) |
1.1 (34.0) |
−1.0 (30.2) |
−4.0 (24.8) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−7.0 (19.4) |
−7.8 (18.0) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
−6.1 (21.0) |
−6.5 (20.3) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−0.6 (30.9) |
−11.1 (12.0) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 93.0 (3.66) |
104.7 (4.12) |
78.2 (3.08) |
88.4 (3.48) |
74.6 (2.94) |
58.9 (2.32) |
57.9 (2.28) |
92.9 (3.66) |
86.9 (3.42) |
112.0 (4.41) |
85.2 (3.35) |
67.3 (2.65) |
1000 (39.37) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) | 11.4 | 10.9 | 11.1 | 9.4 | 11.4 | 11.3 | 10.9 | 13.3 | 12.7 | 13.5 | 12.0 | 8.4 | 136.3 |
| Source: Honeysuckle Creek Bureau of Meteorology | |||||||||||||
Gallery
[edit]-
ABC News report on the role of the Parkes radio telescope and the Honeysuckle Creek Tracking Station, a week before the Moon landing
-
Copy of telex sent to Director of Honeysuckle Creek tracking station -
Apollo Road, the road to Honeysuckle Creek
See also
[edit]- Apollo 11 missing tapes
- Carnarvon Tracking Station
- Orroral Valley Tracking Station
- OTC Satellite Earth Station Carnarvon
- History of the Deep Space Network
References
[edit]- ^ ACT Station Hold Mooncraft Canberra Times 17 July 1969 page 1
- ^ Honeysuckle Creek & the Moon Landings EHA Magazine September 2019 pages 14-17
- ^ Andrew Tink (2018), Honeysuckle Creek : the story of Tom Reid, a little dish and Neil Armstrong's first step, NewSouth Publishing, ISBN 978-1-74223-608-7
- ^ "Diagram". honeysucklecreek.net. Retrieved 22 October 2019.
- ^ "Australia Historical Site" (PDF). American Institute of Aeronautics & Astronautics. Archived from the original (PDF) on 11 July 2010. Retrieved 18 July 2010.
- ^ "Centre of Australia States and Territories". Geoscience Australia. 15 May 2014.
- ^ Annual snow days sorted in descending order of average occurrence Australian Weather News
