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December 2048 lunar eclipse

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December 2048 lunar eclipse
Penumbral eclipse
The Moon's hourly motion shown right to left
DateDecember 20, 2048
Gamma−1.0624
Magnitude−0.1420
Saros cycle145 (13 of 71)
Penumbral281 minutes, 36 seconds
Contacts (UTC)
P14:05:28
Greatest6:26:16
P48:47:04

A penumbral lunar eclipse will occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit on Sunday, December 20, 2048,[1] with an umbral magnitude of −0.1420. A lunar eclipse occurs when the Moon moves into the Earth's shadow, causing the Moon to be darkened. A penumbral lunar eclipse occurs when part or all of the Moon's near side passes into the Earth's penumbra. Unlike a solar eclipse, which can only be viewed from a relatively small area of the world, a lunar eclipse may be viewed from anywhere on the night side of Earth. Occurring only about 13 hours before apogee (on December 20, 2048, at 19:30 UTC), the Moon's apparent diameter will be smaller.[2]

Visibility

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The eclipse will be completely visible over North America and much of South America, seen rising over northeast Asia and the western Pacific Ocean and setting over west and central Africa and Europe.[3]

Eclipse details

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Shown below is a table displaying details about this particular solar eclipse. It describes various parameters pertaining to this eclipse.[4]

December 20, 2048 Lunar Eclipse Parameters
Parameter Value
Penumbral Magnitude 0.96321
Umbral Magnitude −0.14202
Gamma −1.06244
Sun Right Ascension 17h55m49.3s
Sun Declination -23°25'43.8"
Sun Semi-Diameter 16'15.4"
Sun Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 08.9"
Moon Right Ascension 05h55m26.5s
Moon Declination +22°28'37.2"
Moon Semi-Diameter 14'42.6"
Moon Equatorial Horizontal Parallax 0°53'59.0"
ΔT 84.4 s

Eclipse season

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See also: Eclipse cycle

This eclipse is part of an eclipse season, a period, roughly every six months, when eclipses occur. Only two (or occasionally three) eclipse seasons occur each year, and each season lasts about 35 days and repeats just short of six months (173 days) later; thus two full eclipse seasons always occur each year. Either two or three eclipses happen each eclipse season. In the sequence below, each eclipse is separated by a fortnight.

Eclipse season of December 2048
December 5
Ascending node (new moon)
 December 20
Descending node (full moon)
Total solar eclipse
Solar Saros 133		 Penumbral lunar eclipse
Lunar Saros 145
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Eclipses in 2048

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Metonic

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Tzolkinex

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Half-Saros

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Tritos

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Lunar Saros 145

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Inex

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Triad

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Lunar eclipses of 2046–2049

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This eclipse is a member of a semester series. An eclipse in a semester series of lunar eclipses repeats approximately every 177 days and 4 hours (a semester) at alternating nodes of the Moon's orbit.[5]

The penumbral lunar eclipses on May 17, 2049 and November 9, 2049 occur in the next lunar year eclipse set.

Lunar eclipse series sets from 2046 to 2049
Descending node   Ascending node
Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma Saros Date
Viewing 		Type
Chart 		Gamma
115 2046 Jan 22
 Partial
 0.9885 120 2046 Jul 18
 Partial
 −0.8691
125 2047 Jan 12
 Total
 0.3317 130 2047 Jul 07
 Total
 −0.0636
135 2048 Jan 01
 Total
 −0.3745 140 2048 Jun 26
 Partial
 0.6796
145 2048 Dec 20
 Penumbral
 −1.0624 150 2049 Jun 15
 Penumbral
 1.4068

Metonic series

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The Metonic cycle repeats nearly exactly every 19 years and represents a Saros cycle plus one lunar year. Because it occurs on the same calendar date, the Earth's shadow will be in nearly the same location relative to the background stars.

Ascending node Descending node
  1. 1991 Jun 27 - penumbral (110)
  2. 2010 Jun 26 - partial (120)
  3. 2029 Jun 26 - total (130)
  4. 2048 Jun 26 - partial (140)
  5. 2067 Jun 27 - penumbral (150)
  1. 1991 Dec 21 - partial (115)
  2. 2010 Dec 21 - total (125)
  3. 2029 Dec 20 - total (135)
  4. 2048 Dec 20 - partial (145)

Saros 145

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This eclipse is a part of Saros series 145, repeating every 18 years, 11 days, and containing 71 events. The series started with a penumbral lunar eclipse on August 11, 1832. It contains partial eclipses from February 24, 2157 through June 3, 2319; total eclipses from June 14, 2337 through November 13, 2589; and a second set of partial eclipses from November 25, 2607 through June 21, 2950. The series ends at member 71 as a penumbral eclipse on September 16, 3094.

The longest duration of totality will be produced by member 34 at 104 minutes, 21 seconds on August 7, 2427. All eclipses in this series occur at the Moon’s descending node of orbit.[6]

Greatest First
The greatest eclipse of the series will occur on 2427 Aug 07, lasting 104 minutes, 21 seconds.[7] Penumbral Partial Total Central
1832 Aug 11
 2157 Feb 24
 2337 Jun 14
 2373 Jul 05
Last
Central Total Partial Penumbral
2499 Sep 19
 2589 Nov 13
 2950 Jun 21
 3094 Sep 16

Eclipses are tabulated in three columns; every third eclipse in the same column is one exeligmos apart, so they all cast shadows over approximately the same parts of the Earth.

Tritos series

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This eclipse is a part of a tritos cycle, repeating at alternating nodes every 135 synodic months (≈ 3986.63 days, or 11 years minus 1 month). Their appearance and longitude are irregular due to a lack of synchronization with the anomalistic month (period of perigee), but groupings of 3 tritos cycles (≈ 33 years minus 3 months) come close (≈ 434.044 anomalistic months), so eclipses are similar in these groupings.

Series members between 1801 and 2200
1808 Nov 03
(Saros 123) 		1819 Oct 03
(Saros 124) 		1830 Sep 02
(Saros 125) 		1841 Aug 02
(Saros 126) 		1852 Jul 01
(Saros 127)
1863 Jun 01
(Saros 128) 		1874 May 01
(Saros 129) 		1885 Mar 30
(Saros 130) 		1896 Feb 28
(Saros 131) 		1907 Jan 29
(Saros 132)
1917 Dec 28
(Saros 133) 		1928 Nov 27
(Saros 134) 		1939 Oct 28
(Saros 135) 		1950 Sep 26
(Saros 136) 		1961 Aug 26
(Saros 137)
1972 Jul 26
(Saros 138) 		1983 Jun 25
(Saros 139) 		1994 May 25
(Saros 140) 		2005 Apr 24
(Saros 141) 		2016 Mar 23
(Saros 142)
2027 Feb 20
(Saros 143) 		2038 Jan 21
(Saros 144) 		2048 Dec 20
(Saros 145) 		2059 Nov 19
(Saros 146) 		2070 Oct 19
(Saros 147)
2081 Sep 18
(Saros 148) 		2092 Aug 17
(Saros 149) 		2103 Jul 19
(Saros 150) 		2114 Jun 18
(Saros 151) 		2125 May 17
(Saros 152)
2136 Apr 16
(Saros 153) 		2169 Jan 13
(Saros 156)
2190 Nov 12
(Saros 158)

Half-Saros cycle

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A lunar eclipse will be preceded and followed by solar eclipses by 9 years and 5.5 days (a half saros).[8] This lunar eclipse is related to two total solar eclipses of Solar Saros 152.

December 15, 2039 December 26, 2057

See also

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Notes

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  1. ^ "December 19–20, 2048 Penumbral Lunar Eclipse". timeanddate. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  2. ^ "Moon Distances for London, United Kingdom, England". timeanddate. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  3. ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2048 Dec 20" (PDF). NASA. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  4. ^ "Penumbral Lunar Eclipse of 2048 Dec 20". EclipseWise.com. Retrieved 11 December 2024.
  5. ^ van Gent, R.H. "Solar- and Lunar-Eclipse Predictions from Antiquity to the Present". A Catalogue of Eclipse Cycles. Utrecht University. Retrieved 6 October 2018.
  6. ^ "NASA - Catalog of Lunar Eclipses of Saros 145". eclipse.gsfc.nasa.gov.
  7. ^ Listing of Eclipses of series 145
  8. ^ Mathematical Astronomy Morsels, Jean Meeus, p.110, Chapter 18, The half-saros
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