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Birkin family (Russian nobility)

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Birkin family
Би́ркины
noble family
Parent familyChingisids
Current regionEastern Europe, Russia
Place of originTatar, Golden Horde
Founded1400s
FounderBek Jaryk-oglan Ivan Ivanovich Birka
Estate(s)Stolpovo, Zaraysky District

Timofeevo, Zaraysky District

Protasovo, Zaraysky District

The Birkin family (Russian: Би́ркины) is a Russian noble family originating with Ryazanian boyar scions. The Birkins were listed in the Velvet Book and the Part 6 (ancient nobility) of the Ryazanian genealogical book.

Origins

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Submitting documents for the Velvet book, the Birkin family claimed descent from the Chingisid warlord, Bek Jaryk-oglan (oglan was the title of male members of the Chingisid dynasty who were not in line for the khan of the Golden Horde),[1][2] the ruler of the ulus (province) between the Dnieper and the Don.[3] In 1387 and 1388, he was one of the leaders of the Middle Asian campaign of Khan Tokhtamysh against Tamerlane.[4] In 1395, Bek Jaryk-oglan was defeated by Tamerlane near Kiev, after which together with his son, Berke, he fled to Duke Oleg of Ryazan,[3] where they converted to Christianity under the names of Mikhail (Stepanovich) and Ivan.[5]

According to P. Dolgorukov, the Birkin family owed their name to Ivan Ivanovich Birka, the son of the boyar Ivan Mikhailovich who served to Fyodor II of Ryazan.[6] The alternative version of the family's name's etymology suggests the following definition: 'a stick with marks for measuring up levy or mortgage payment.'[7]

History

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The first who actually bore the Birkin last name were the sons of Ivan Ivanovich Birka, Dmitry and Danila.[8] The Birkins originally served at the court of the Dukes of Ryazan, but in the 1500s some of them had successfully turned to Muscovy. For example, Andrey Danilych Birkin was a warlord under Ivan the Terrible.[8] Brothers Pyotr and Vasily Birkin were added in Ivan the Terrible's book of one thousand gentlemen chosen to the court (tysyatskaya kniga).[9]

In 1583, Rodion Petrovich Birkin participated in a fraud aimed at seizing the hereditary estate of the Shilovsky [ru] noble family by forging the property transfer deed.[10]

In the 16th century, some Birkins made it to the Moscow Duma, however, none of the family had ever been raised to the boyar rank. The Birkins served as various officials in provincial towns during the 16th — 17th centuries. Some of the family members were voivodes in towns. During the Time of Troubles, Ivan Ivanovich Birkin was among the electors of Michael Romanov.

In 1791, the Birkin family was added in Part 6 (ancient nobility) of the Ryazanian genealogical book.[11] In the Russian Empire the family had gone into relative obscurity. Many of the family descendants ended up as merchants and odnodvortsy.

Landed estates

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Allods

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Fiefs (pomestya)

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  • Kumanova Polyana (Fedosovo), Pekhletsky stan[8]
  • A half of Filatovo, Kamensky stan (Pronsky district).[8]
  • Varapovo, a village in Perevitsky stan.[12]

Notable members

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  • Vasily Grigoryevich Birkin was the garrison head (osadny golova) at Pronsk (1581 — 1583) and Ryazhsk (1585 —1592) and the voivode at Dankov (1587). He was one of the leaders of building Voronezh.[8]
  • Rodion Petrovich Birkin (d. 1589) was a garrison head at Pronsk. In 1587 — 1588 he was sent by Tsar Fyodor I to Kakheti, where he admitted allegiance of the local tsar Alexander II to Russia, which eventually was used as grounds for annexation of Georgia.[8] According to Jerome Horsey Rodion Birkin was a favorite of Ivan the Terrible, and even happened to play the last chess game with him upon his death.[14]
  • Ivan Vasilyevich Birkin (d. 1643) was a dvoryanin at the Moscow Duma (since 1641); as a voivode he supervised the construction of Kozlov. In 1626 — 1631 he was the first minister (sudya) at the Patriarch's Ministry (partiarshy prikaz). In 1631 he was appointed yaselnichy (an assistant to the royal equerry).[8]
  • Ivan Ivanovich Birkin was the royal solicitor (stryapchy), the voivode at Arzamas and Nizhny Novgorod. He took part in electing Michael Romanov to the throne.[8]
  • Dmitry Gavrilovich Birkin (1819 — 1886) was a Russian lieutenant general (since 1878) and the chief engineer of the Kiev military district (1865 — 1874). He was awarded with the Order of the White Eagle.[15]
  • Lev Sergeevich Birkin (1852 — after 1917) was a vice-president of the Russian State Bank (1860 — 1890s), the head of the division of small loans (1904 — 1912), privy councillor and senator (since 1915).[16][17]

References

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  1. ^ Петренко Ю.В. Русские древности. Воронеж 2008, С. 208.
  2. ^ Новиков Н.И.  Родословная книга князей и дворян (Бархатная книга) : [В 2-х ч.]. - М. : Унив. тип., 1787. Ч 2. С. 288.
  3. ^ a b Богуславский В.В. Славянская энциклопедия. Киевская Русь-Московия. Т.1. А-М. М.,2001. С.71.
  4. ^ "Бек-Ярык-оглан". hist.vsu.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  5. ^ "old-kursk.ru Н.САФОНЕНКО. "Посланный небом" на Курской земле". old-kursk.ru.
  6. ^ Российская Родословная книга, издаваемая князем Петром Долгоруковым: Часть четвертая. Спб., 1857. C. 296.
  7. ^ Богуславский В.В. Славянская энциклопедия. Киевская Русь-Московия. Т.1. А-М. М.,2001. С.84.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Биркины/История, культура и традиции Рязанского края// http://www.history-ryazan.ru/node/9960
  9. ^ Цепков А.И. Свод письменных источников по истории Рязанского края XIV-XVII вв, Том 2. Рязань, 2005. С. 482.
  10. ^ Цепков А.И. Свод письменных источников по истории Рязанского края XIV-XVII вв, Том 2. Рязань, 2005. С. 483.
  11. ^ Лихарев М.П. Алфавитный список дворянских родов Рязанской губернии, внесенных в дворянскую родословную книгу по 1 января 1893 года. – Рязань, 1893.
  12. ^ a b c d Цепков А.И. Свод письменных источников по истории Рязанского края XIV-XVII вв, Том 2. Рязань, 2005. С. 484.
  13. ^ 1601/2 Купчая Ивана Васильева сына Биркина у Василия Федорова сына, Федора, Григория, Семена Ивановых детей Кобузевых на жеребий пуст. Тимофевское Невеловский починок Андреевское на речке Осетреце в Перевицком стане Рязанского уезда//Цепков А. Свод письменных источников по истории Рязанского края 14-17 вв. Том 1. С. 16//РГАДА. Ф. 1209. Оп. 1. Кн. 405. Л. 696, 697 об.
  14. ^ Russia at the close of the 16th century/The Travels of Sir Jerome Horsey, Ed by Edward A. Bond, 1856. p. 201
  15. ^ "РБС/ВТ/Биркин, Дмитрий Гаврилович — Викитека". ru.wikisource.org.
  16. ^ А. Л. Вычугжанин Кредитная кооперация Чувашии: кредитные кооперативы и союзы. О зарождении и развитии кредитной кооперации в России//Деньги и кредит, №9, 2011
  17. ^ Тамара Крашенинникова, Аркадий Векслер Владимирский округ. Большая и Малая Московские улицы и улица Правды. Litres, 5 сент. 2017 г. Ebook.
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