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1889 in Italy

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

1889
in
Italy

Decades:
See also:

Events from the year 1889 in Italy

Kingdom of Italy

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The total population of Italy in 1889 (within the current borders) was 31.325 million.[1] Life expectancy in 1889 was 39.1 years.[2]

Events

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Prime minister Francesco Crispi

Due to the tariff war with France, business confidence was undermined and in 1889, a real estate boom burst. Three banks in Turin, seriously involved in building speculation in Rome, failed. Small savers lost several hundred million lire and 80,000 building workers in Rome — mainly immigrants — found themselves out of a job. In February 1889 some of them rioted.[3][4]

March

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Maʏ

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June

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  • In June 1889 inspections of the Banca Romana by a government commission revealed serious irregularities in its administration and accounts and that 91 percent of the assets of the bank were illiquid. Prime Minister Francesco Crispi and his Treasury Minister Giovanni Giolitti knew of the 1889 government inspection report, but feared that exposure might undermine public confidence and suppressed the report. The inpections followed the suspension of payments of three banks in Turin, that were seriously involved in building speculation in Rome.[3]
  • 9 June – The Monument to Giordano Bruno, created by Ettore Ferrari, was erected at Campo de' Fiori square in Rome, Italy, to commemorate the italian philosopher Giordano Bruno, who was burned there in 1600 after being tried for heresy by the Roman Inquisition on charges of denial of several core Catholic doctrines. Since its inception the idea of a monument dedicated to the executed heretic located in Rome, once the capital of the Papal States, has generated controversy between anti-clerical and those more aligned with the Roman Catholic church.
  • 11 June – According to popular contemporary legend the archetypal pizza Margherita was invented by the Neapolitan pizzaiolo ("pizza maker") Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margherita. The Queen strongly preferred a pizza swathed in the colors of the Italian flag — red (tomato), green (basil), and white (mozzarella).
  • 30 June – The Italian Penal Code of 1889, known as the Zanardelli Code because it was named after Giuseppe Zanardelli, then Minister of Justice, was unanimously approved by both Chambers of the Parliament of the Kingdom of Italy.[9] It unified penal legislation in Italy, abolished capital punishment and recognised the right to strike.[10] It came into force on 1 January 1890.

Births

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Eduardo Weber (left)

Deaths

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References

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  1. ^ "L'Italia in 150 anni. Sommario di statistiche storiche 1861–2010" (PDF). Istat. Retrieved 17 May 2021.
  2. ^ "Life expectancy". Our World in Data. Retrieved 28 August 2018.
  3. ^ a b Seton-Watson, Italy from liberalism to fascism, pp. 154–56
  4. ^ Clark, Modern Italy, 1871 to the Present, p. 119
  5. ^ a b Mack Smith, Italy and Its Monarchy, p.95
  6. ^ "Text of Wuchale Treaty | 1889 Ethio-Italian Treaty". Horn Affairs. 17 August 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2019.
  7. ^ Pakenham (1991), pp. 472-73.
  8. ^ "Treaty of Wichale. Italy-Ethiopia [1889]". Encyclopaedia Britannica. Retrieved 31 March 2021.
  9. ^ Lacche, Luigi. "A Criminal Code for the Unification of Italy: the Zanardelli Code (1889) – The genesis, The debate, The legal project". Sequência. 2014, n.68. pp. 37–57.
  10. ^ Seton-Watson, Italy from liberalism to fascism, p. 131
  11. ^ "Quilici, Massimiliano". androom.home.xs4all.nl. Retrieved 31 March 2021.

Sources

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