Ulmus pumila 'Pinnato-ramosa'
| Ulmus pumila var. arborea | |
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| var. arborea, RBG Edinburgh, planted 1902 | |
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| Variety: | U. pumila var. arborea
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| Ulmus pumila L. var. arborea | |
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Ulmus pumila var. arborea, sometimes called the Turkestan elm, is endemic to western Siberia and Turkestan. The tree was introduced to Europe by Georg Dieck in 1894 as U. pinnato-ramosa.
Description
The tree is distinguished from U. pumila var. pumila by its greater height and more slender leaves.[1][2] The leaves have pinnate venation, are 4–7 cm in length, ovate-lanceolate, double-toothed and finely pointed. Var. arborea grows very vigorously, and can ultimately make a large tree, [3] however it also has a straggling, untidy habit, producing long shoots 0.60–0.95 m in length.[4]
Pests and diseases
A specimen at the Ryston Hall [3], Norfolk, UK, arboretum, obtained from the Späth nursery in Berlin before 1914,[5] was killed by the earlier strain of Dutch elm disease prevalent in the 1930s.
Cultivation
Originally raised by Späth from seed from Turkestan, the tree is still occasionally found in Europe, including the UK, and North America. Introduced to Croatia from Italy, it can now be found in many places along the Croatian littoral.[6] Also introduced to Australia, the tree was listed by nurseries there (as U. turkestanica) in the early 20th century, but it is not known whether it still survives in that country. In England, the tree succumbed to prolonged waterlogging on clay soils overwinter.[7]
There are no known cultivars of this taxon, nor is it known to remain in commerce.
Notable trees
The USA national champion tree in Detroit, Michigan, is 45 m tall, with a crown of 34 m width [4]. A specimen in the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh labelled Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, planted in 1902, still survives (2013).[8][9]
Accessions
- North America
- Arnold Arboretum. Acc. nos. 925-83, 698-87.
- Holden Arboretum. Acc. no. 60-317
- New York Botanical Garden. Acc. no. 1032/60
- Europe
- Brighton & Hove City Council, National Elm Collection [5]. Full accession details unknown.
- Darmstadt University of Technology Botanic Garden, Darmstadt, Germany. Some accession details available [6]
- Hergest Croft Gardens [7], Kington, Herefordshire, UK. One tree, as U. pinnato-ramosa; no accession details available.
- Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, as U. pinnato-ramosa. Acc. nos. 19021007, 20021586
- Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, UK. Acc. no. 1977.4795, (as U. pinnata-ramosa).
- Strona Arboretum [8], University of Life Sciences, Warsaw, Poland
- University of Copenhagen Botanic Garden. No details available.
- University of Ulm Botanic Garden, Ulm, Germany. Some accession details available [9]
References
- ^ A., Mitchell (1974). "A Field Guide to the Trees of Britain & Northern Europe". Collins, London. p. 254.
- ^ Diagnostic photographs of Turkestan elms, their leaves and samarae, in the Björngårdsvägen, Södermalm, Stockholm, the Enkehusparken in Vasastan, Stockholm, and the Norra Kyrkogården in Solna, Sweden: www.tradgardsakademin.se [1]
- ^ J., White; D., More (2003). "Trees of Britain & Northern Europe". Cassell, London. ISBN 0-304-36192-5.
- ^ Elwes, H. J. & Henry, A. (1913). The Trees of Great Britain & Ireland. Vol. VII. pp 1848–1929. Private publication, Edinburgh. [2]
- ^ Ryston Hall Arboretum catalogue, circa 1920
- ^ Trinajstić, I. (2001). Turkestan elm - Ulmus pinnato-ramosa in 'The Dendroflora of Croatia', Šumarski list (:Journal of Forestry) 9-10, CXXV, 2001; 533-537.
- ^ A. H., Brookes (2012). "Disease-resistant elm cultivars, Butterfly Conservation trials report, 2nd revision, 2012" (PDF). Butterfly Conservation, Hants & IoW Branch, England.
- ^ H. M., Heybroek; L, Goudzwaard; H., Kaljee (2009). "Iep of olm, karakterboom van de Lage Landen (:Elm, a tree with character of the Low Countries)". Centraal Boekhuis. p. 29. ISBN 978 9050112819.
- ^ Photograph in spring of tree (on left) labelled on trunk Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh File:Royal-Botanical-Gardens-Edinburgh.jpg
