Shivalli Brahmins

Shivalli Brahmin
Regions with significant populations
	Udupi District, Karnataka; Dakshina Kannada district, Karnataka ; Kasaragod District, Kerala; Shimoga District, Karnataka; Bhatkal Taluk, Karnataka
Languages
	Tulu, Kannada, Sanskrit
Religion
	Hinduism; Divisions based on sect:; Smarthism; Madhwas; Divisions based on Veda; Rigveda; Yajur Veda

The Shivalli Brahmins are a Hindu Brahmin community in Karnataka. They are divided into two groups, the first of who follow the Dvaita philosophy founded by the Vaishnava saint Madhvacharya of Udupi are called Shivalli Madhva Brahmins, and the second of who follow the Advaita philosophy of Adi Shankara are known as Shivalli Smartha Brahmins. Majority of Shivalli Brahmins (Shivalli Brahmana's) are Madhvas and only a few of them are Smarthas.^[1]^[2]

Udupi cuisine

Shivalli Brahmins are famous for Udupi hotels (vegetarian restaurants) known for serving typical south Indian dishes like idli, vada, dosa, shira and upma etc.^[3] Shivalli Brahmins have a unique style of cooking, serving and eating meals. The meal is served on a plantain (banana) leaf and is usually eaten by hand, seated with padmasana like position on the floor.^[4] ^{[citation needed]}

Rituals and customs

Rituals

A young Shivalli Brahmin boy during his upanayana

Shivalli Brahmin males undergo the Upanayana when they turn seven years old to initiate them into Vedic studies.^{[citation needed]} It is also known as Brahmopadesham. The key ritual during the Upanayana is that of putting a sacred thread consisting of three cotton strands across the left shoulder of the boy, called Janivara. The initiate is called a dvija "twice-born" and is expected to perform the sandhyavandanam at least twice daily. Dvija has a special knot in it which is called as "Brahma Gantu". Shivalli Madhwa Brahmins also undergo the Upakarma, where the sacred thread is changed once a year and mudradharana is performed. Mudradharana is a ritual where Vaishnavite symbols like the conch or the wheel are etched on bodies as a ritual of purification.^[5]

Marriage

Present day marriages of Shivalli Madhva Brahmins are a four-day ceremony, sometimes condensed to a single day due to the fast pace of today's life. On the occasion of wedding, three more strands are added to the sacred thread Janivara.^[6]^{[clarification needed]}

Festivals

Shivalli Brahmins celebrate all major Hindu festivals such as Ganesh Chaturthi, Deepavali, Navaratri, Sankranti, Madhwanavami, Janmashtami, Maha Shivaratri, Bisu Parba(Tulu New Year), Ramanavami, Hanuman Jayanthi etc. They also believe in Nagaradhane and rituals of Bhuta Kola.^[7]^{[citation needed]}

Notes

^ B. N. Sri Sathyan (1973). Karnataka State Gazetteer: South Kanara. Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Government Press. p. 109. The groups usually styled as Tulu Brahmins are mainly the Shivalli Brahmins whose main centre is Udipi....The Tulu-speaking Brahmins of the present day are largely followers of Madhvacharya. only a small number remaining Smarthas
^ Krishnendu Ray; Tulasi Srinivas (2012). Curried Cultures: Globalization, Food, and South Asia. University of California Press. p. 97. ISBN 9780520270114.
^ "Utterly Udipi". thehinduonnet.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2005. Retrieved 23 September 2009.
^ "Udupi food holy food". Outlook. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
^ "Upper castes families look to other communities". Deccan Chronicle. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2010.
^ Milton, Lawrence (29 March 2009). "They-sell-food-spread-hospitality". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
^ "holy days". shivallibrahmins.com. Retrieved 7 January 2010. ^{[dead link‍]}

References

Gururaja Bhat, P., Studies in Tuluva History and Culture, 1975.
Gururaja Bhat, P., Tuḷunāḍu, 1963
Hebbar, Neria H., "Customs and Classes of Hinduism", 2 March 2003.
Hebbar, Neria H., "The Tale of Tuluva Brahmins", p. 2, 12 January 2003.
Rajalakshmi, U.B., Udupi Cuisine, Bangalore: Prism Books, ISBN 978-81-7286-175-9

External links

Shivalli Brahmins

[1] B. N. Sri Sathyan (1973). Karnataka State Gazetteer: South Kanara. Director of Print., Stationery and Publications at the Government Press. p. 109. The groups usually styled as Tulu Brahmins are mainly the Shivalli Brahmins whose main centre is Udipi....The Tulu-speaking Brahmins of the present day are largely followers of Madhvacharya. only a small number remaining Smarthas

[2] Krishnendu Ray; Tulasi Srinivas (2012). Curried Cultures: Globalization, Food, and South Asia. University of California Press. p. 97. ISBN 9780520270114.

[3] "Utterly Udipi". thehinduonnet.com. Archived from the original on 9 May 2005. Retrieved 23 September 2009.

[4] "Udupi food holy food". Outlook. Retrieved 1 February 2010.

[5] "Upper castes families look to other communities". Deccan Chronicle. Archived from the original on 14 January 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2010.

[6] Milton, Lawrence (29 March 2009). "They-sell-food-spread-hospitality". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 11 August 2011. Retrieved 2 February 2010.

[7] "holy days". shivallibrahmins.com. Retrieved 7 January 2010. ^{[dead link‍]}

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