Ottomar Geschke
Ottomar Georg Alexander Geschke (16 November 1882 – 17 May 1957) was a German politician, trade unionist and anti-Nazi activist.
Biography
[edit]Geschke was born into a blacksmith's family. After receiving an elementary education he trained as a locksmith and worked in Berlin. From 1908 he participated in the labor movement by joining the German Metal Workers' Union. In 1910, Geschke joined the SPD and in 1917, due to disagreement on the issue of providing military loans, he moved to the USPD. During the November Revolution of 1918 he was elected a member of the Berlin Soviet of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies.[1]
Geschke was a member of the Spartacus League and joined the Communist Party (KPD) in 1919, and in 1920 worked in the party's trade union department. In 1923 he was elected to the board of the KKD as a representative of the left wing. From 1925 he was a member of the Central Committee and the Politburo of the party. He was a member of the Executive Bureau of the Red International of Trade Unions and from 1924 was a member of the Executive Committee of the Comintern. From 1921 to 1924 Geschke was elected to the Prussian Landtag. In the elections of 1924 he was elected to the Reichstag and retained his mandate until July 1932.[2]
For his anti-fascist activities, Geschke was repeatedly arrested and imprisoned in prisons and concentration camps. After the Nazis came to power in 1933, Geschke was arrested and held in the Lichtenburg, Sonnenburg and Buchenwald concentration camps. In 1940 he was released from prison and lived in Köslin under police surveillance.[1]
After the assassination attempt on Hitler on July 20, 1944, Geschke was again arrested and placed in the Sachsenhausen concentration camp. In May 1945 he was liberated by the allied forces.[1]
After the Second World War, Geschke continued to be involved in politics and from May 19, 1945, to January 8, 1947, he worked in the magistrate of Greater Berlin, headed by Arthur Werner as a social adviser. In April 1946, Geschke joined the Socialist Unity Party (SED) and from 1946 to 1953 was on the board of the party's branch in Berlin. From 1947 to 1953 he was chairman of the Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime and was elected from this organization to the Volkskammer of the GDR. In 1953 he was elected to the presidium of the Committee of Anti-Fascist Resistance Fighters.[3]
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He was buried in the Memorial of the Socialists at the Friedrichsfelde Central Cemetery in Berlin.[2]
References
[edit]
- ^ a b c Hans Maur: Ottomar Geschke, Vorbild und Verpflichtung. Biographische Skizzen zu einem kampferfüllten Leben. Hrsg. von Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands SED, Bezirksparteiorganisation Frankfurt Oder, Frankfurt Oder 1982.
- ^ a b "Geschke, Ottomar | Bundesstiftung zur Aufarbeitung der SED-Diktatur". www.bundesstiftung-aufarbeitung.de (in German). Retrieved 2022-07-09.
- ^ "ND-Archiv: 18.05.1957: Ottomar Geschke gestorben". www.nd-archiv.de. Retrieved 2022-07-09.
| International | |
|---|---|
| National | |
| People | |
- 1882 births
- 1957 deaths
- People from Fürstenwalde
- People from the Province of Brandenburg
- Social Democratic Party of Germany politicians
- Independent Social Democratic Party politicians
- Communist Party of Germany politicians
- Socialist Unity Party of Germany politicians
- Members of the Politburo of the Communist Party of Germany
- Union of Persecutees of the Nazi Regime members
- Members of the Reichstag of the Weimar Republic
- Members of the Provisional Volkskammer
- Members of the 1st Volkskammer
- Members of the 2nd Volkskammer
- Members of the Landtag of Prussia
- German trade unionists
- German Comintern people
- Executive Committee of the Communist International
- German anti-fascists
- Communists in the German Resistance
- Buchenwald concentration camp survivors
- Sachsenhausen concentration camp survivors
- Sachsenhausen concentration camp prisoners