Jump to content

Northcote, Auckland

Edit links
Coordinates: 36°48′18″S 174°44′38″E / 36.805°S 174.744°E / -36.805; 174.744
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
(Redirected from Northcote Point)
This article is about the Auckland suburb. For the electorate, see Northcote (New Zealand electorate). For the Christchurch suburb, see Northcote, Christchurch.

Northcote
Suburb
Northcote Point Ferry Terminal, The Wharf events centre, and Little Shoal Bay
Northcote Point Ferry Terminal, The Wharf events centre, and Little Shoal Bay
Map
Coordinates: 36°48′18″S 174°44′38″E / 36.805°S 174.744°E / -36.805; 174.744
CountryNew Zealand
CityAuckland
Local authorityAuckland Council
Electoral wardNorth Shore ward
Local boardKaipātiki Local Board
Area
[1]
 • Land528 ha (1,305 acres)
Population
 (June 2024)[2]
 • Total
12,770
Postcode(s)
0627
Ferry terminalsNorthcote Point Ferry Terminal
Birkenhead Hillcrest Takapuna
Birkenhead
Northcote
 (Shoal Bay)
(Little Shoal Bay) (Waitematā Harbour) (Waitematā Harbour)

Northcote (/ˈnɔːrθkoʊt/ NORTH-koat[3] or /ˈnɔːrθkət/ NORTH-kət) (Māori: Te Onewa)[4] is a suburb of Auckland in northern New Zealand. It is situated on the North Shore, on the northern shores of Waitematā Harbour, 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northwest of the Auckland City Centre. The suburb includes the peninsula of Northcote Point where the northern approaches to the Auckland Harbour Bridge are located, and Northcote Central, the commercial centre of Northcote. Northcote features two volcanic maars.

Northcote was settled by Tāmaki Māori in the 13th and 14th centuries, and Te Onewa Pā was constructed as a headland pā to protect the wider communities. Europeans settled Northcote in the 1840s, and a community developed around the ferry terminal. Early industries included the brickworks, sulfur works and orchards, and by the 1880s Northcote beaches had become local attractions. By 1908, the area had grown enough that Northcote became a borough. After the Auckland Harbour Bridge opened in 1959, Northcote Central rapidly developed, while Northcote Point became isolated.

Northcote Borough was merged into the North Shore City in 1989, which in turn merged into the Auckland "super city" in 2010. In the late 2010s and 2020s, Northcote began an urban regeneration and housing intensification project.

Etymology

[edit]

Northcote is named after British Conservative politician Stafford Northcote, 1st Earl of Iddesleigh, an idea put forward by resident Major Benton.[5][6] The name that dates from 1880 when the post office and school committee decided to use the name.[7][8] The first name used for the peninsula on European maps was Rough Point, named after Captain David Rough, first harbourmaster of Auckland, in 1841.[9][5][10] In 1848 it was renamed Stokes Point, after Captain John Lort Stokes of the survey vessel HMS Acheron,[9] who named the peninsula after himself due to another location named Rough Rock near Rangitoto Island.[5] Stokes Point was the common name for the suburb until it was renamed in 1880. The name Stokes Point remains in use for the southern headland of the peninsula.[6]

Geology and natural history

[edit]
Smith's Bush is a remnant kahikatea and taraire forest located in Northcote
Tank Farm and Onepoto (pictured in 1957) are two volcanic maars in Northcote, estimated to have erupted between 190,000 and 180,000 years ago

The North Shore is primarily uplifted Waitemata Group sandstone, that was deposited on the sea floor during the Early Miocene, between 22 and 16 million years ago.[11] There are two volcanic craters found on the eastern coastline of the suburb: Tank Farm, also known as Tuff Crater or Te Kōpua ō Matakamokamo,[12] joined to the south by Onepoto (also known as Te Kōpua ō Matakerepo).[13][14] Onepoto and Tank Farm erupted an estimated 187,600 and 181,000 years ago respectively.[15]

Prior to human settlement, the inland North Shore was a mixed podocarp-broadleaf forest dominated by kauri. Pōhutukawa trees dominated the coastal margins of Birkenhead.[11] Smiths Bush in the Onewa Domain is a remnant native forest, dominated by kahikatea and taraire trees.[16]

Geography

[edit]

Northcote is composed of two suburban areas: Northcote (aka Northcote Central) to the north,[6][17] and Northcote Point, the peninsula south of Onewa Road.[18][19] The suburb is bound by Ocean View Road and Northcote Road in the northwest, the Auckland Northern Motorway in the northeast, and Shoal Bay in the east.[6][18]

The highest point in the suburb is an 88 metres (289 ft) hill to the west on Pupuke Road,[6] referred informally by residents in the early 20th century as Clay Hill.[20] The hill is the location of the Pupuke Road Reservoir and Pump Station.[21] The southern headland of the Northcote Point peninsula is called Stokes Point.[22]

Onepoto Stream flows east through the suburb from Birkenhead, entering Shoal Bay south of Onewa Road.[23][24] Hillcrest Creek flows east through the north of Northcote, entering the Waitematā Harbour at Shoal Bay, east of the Auckland Northern Motorway.[25] Until the 1970s, the upper reaches of the creek were primarily swampland.[26] A traditional recorded name for Hillcrest Creek is Wakatatere "The Drifting Canoe", a name which recalls an incident where a tapu waka drifted into the stream at high tide.[27][28] A tributary of Hillcrest Stream, Awataha Stream, flowed through Northcote Central until the 1950s, when the stream was undergrounded. In 2019, work began to daylight the stream.[29]

Two beaches were formerly located in Northcote along the western shores of Shoal Bay: the City of Cork Beach and Sulphur Beach.[30][31] These locations were reclaimed in the 1950s, and are now located beneath the Auckland Northern Motorway.[10]

Little Shoal Bay is found to the west of Northcote Point,[32] which is the location of Halls Beach.[33]

History

[edit]

Māori history

[edit]
View of Tōtaratahi (i.e. Stokes Point) in the 1910s, before the construction of the Auckland Harbour Bridge. The headland was the location of Te Onewa Pā

Māori settlement of the Auckland Region began around the 13th or 14th centuries.[34][35] The Tainui migratory canoe visited Northcote, stopping at Ngā Huru-a-Taiki, a sacred tree on the cliffs south-east of Tank Farm.[36][28][27] The North Shore was settled by Tāmaki Māori, including people descended from the Tainui migratory canoe and ancestors of figures such as Taikehu and Peretū,[37] and many of the early Tāmaki Māori people of the North Shore identified as Ngā Oho.[38] The Shoal Bay area was used to harvest shellfish, and the volcanic soil at Northcote allowed for kūmara cultivation.[39]

The warrior Maki migrated from the Kāwhia Harbour to his ancestral home in the Auckland Region, likely sometime in the 17th century. Maki conquered and unified many the Tāmaki Māori tribes as Te Kawerau ā Maki, including those of the North Shore.[40][41] After Maki's death, his sons settled different areas of his lands, creating new hapū. His younger son Maraeariki settled the North Shore and Hibiscus Coast, who based himself at the head of the Ōrewa River. Maraeariki's daughter Kahu succeeded him, and she is the namesake of the North Shore, Te Whenua Roa o Kahu ("The Greater Lands of Kahu").[42][43] Many of the iwi of the North Shore, including Ngāti Manuhiri, Ngāti Maraeariki, Ngāti Kahu, Ngāti Poataniwha, Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki and Ngāti Whātua, can trace their lineage to Kahu.[43][44]

Te Riri a Mataaho

[edit]

Northcote is part of the setting of Te Riri a Mataaho ("The Wrath of Mataaho"), a Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki traditional story (pūrākau) that describes the creation of the two volcanic craters of Northcote, Te Kōpua ō Matakamokamo and Te Kōpua ō Matakerepo, collectively called Ngā Kōpua Rua ("The Two Deep Pools").[45][14] Two tupua (children of the Fire God Mataaho), Matakamokamo and his wife Matakerepo, lived on Te Rua Maunga, a mountain located at Lake Pupuke.[46][14] The couple argued over some flax clothing that Matakerepo had made for her husband, and the argument became so heated that the fire outside their dwelling died out. Matakamokamo cursed Mahuika, Goddess of the Fire, for allowing this to happen. Mahuika was furious at the couple, and asked Mataaho to punish them. Mataaho destroyed their mountain home, and in its place left Pupuke Moana (Lake Pupuke), while at the same time he formed the mountain Rangitoto. The couple fled to the newly formed island, where Mataaho formed three peaks on the mountain, so that the couple can view the ruins of their former home.[46] Matakamokamo and Matakerepo later returned to the mainland, which led to Mataaho further punishing them. He turned the couple into stone and caused them to link beneath the earth, forming the two volcanic craters.[45][14]

Te Onewa Pā

[edit]

Te Onewa Pā, also known as Whareroa,[38] is a defensive pā that was located at the Stokes Point headland. The name Onewa refers to the ditch that separated the pā from the mainland, and is also the name of a dark grey stone tool (patu ōnewa) used for digging trenches.[44] The site has traditional importance to Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki, Te Kawerau ā Maki and Ngāti Paoa,[44][38][47] and was located on the opposite shore to Point Erin, where a pā called Okā or Te Koraenga was located. Both pā sites were used as bases for summer fishing, especially shark fishing.[48]

Te Onewa Pā site was originally occupied by Tāmaki Māori who descended from the Tainui migratory waka and developed the tribal identity Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki.[44] It was prized for its strategic location and view over the Waitematā Harbour, and protected fisheries and kūmara gardens of the nearby volcanic soil.[44][47] The pā was repeatedly attacked in the 17th and 18th centuries.[44] Ngāti Paoa attacked and took ownership of Onewa, who in turn were attacked by Ngāti Whātua.[47] After Ngāti Whātua's conflict with the Waiohua paramount chief Kiwi Tāmaki in the mid-18th century, Te Onewa Pā was occupied by the Ngāti Whātua chief Tarahawaiki.[28]

During the early 1820s, most Māori of the North Shore fled for the Waikato or Northland due to the threat of war parties during the Musket Wars,[49][50] and Te Onewa Pā was left unoccupied.[44] Some members of Ngāi Tai returned to the Northcote area in the 1830s, led by Hetaraka Takapuna.[44] The pā was occupied until the mid-1850s,[51] and Hetaraka Takapuna's descendants lived on the shores of Tank Farm into the 1890s.[52]

Early European settlement

[edit]
The farm of Thomas Bartley at Northcote (1860)
The Sulphur Works at Northcote in 1884

The Northcote area was a part of the Mahurangi Block, an area purchased by the Crown on 13 April 1841.[53][54] Land at Northcote Point was subdivided into eight lots in 1843.[10][55] The Callan family settled in the same year,[51] and Phillip Callan established a brickyard at Sulphur Beach.[56] In the next few years, other settlers including James Kelly, William Nicholson, Patrick Heath moved to Northcote. While some settlers relocated from other parts of Auckland, many of the new settlers moved from Hokianga.[57] The greater Northcote area was purchased by the New Zealand Company in 1844, intending to develop a colonial settlement. As there was little interest in the settlement, the individual land blocks were sold.[51] From 1848, a soap and candle factory was established on Sulphur Beach,[56] and other early industries included timber milling and kauri gum digging.[58]

In 1848, the Catholic Church purchased 40 acres (16 ha) of land near Northcote, building St Mary's School and the Awataha Catholic Mission. Opening in 1851, the school taught Māori and Pākehā students from across the country.[51][59]

In 1852, the Crown granted land at Barry's Point / Awataha to Ngāpuhi chief Eruera Maihi Patuone, in order to create a shield for the City of Auckland against potential invasion from Ngāpuhi and other northern tribes. Patuone's people lived in the area until the 1880s.[54][60]

The Northcote ferry service began in 1854, run by James Reed. The regular ferry service led to the development of Northcote.[51][11] In 1859, Philip Callan constructed the Northcote Tavern, likely using bricks from his Sulphur Beach brickworks.[10] The hotel became an early focal point of the community, and led to Northcote becoming a gateway to the north. Many people would leave their horses at the tavern while visiting Auckland city.[61] The first ferry service from Northcote Wharf began operating from May 1860.[51] Three months later, St John's Anglican Church was established as the earliest church in Northcote, serving both the Northcote and Birkenhead areas.[62][63] The church is the oldest currently existing building on the North Shore.[64]

In 1878, Auckland Chemical Works was established at Northcote, on the beach next to the brickworks. The factory processed sulfur from Moutohora Island in the Bay of Plenty, but was unprofitable, as the amount of sulfur estimated to be on the island was overestimated.[65][11]

Suburban development and Awataha Catholic Mission

[edit]

Northcote developed suburban housing between 1880 and 1910, with many of the 1880s villas still standing today.[10] Takapuna and Northcote grew significantly during this period, despite the effects of the Long Depression.[66] Northcote Point grew to become a commuter suburb for people working in Auckland, due to the ferry service.[11] Many wealthy Aucklanders built homes in the Northcote area, including Mr. Caughey of Smith & Caughey's department store.[67] Hall's Beach and Sulphur Beach became popular spots for tourists and picnickers.[67]

From 1880 to 1910, Northcote was known for fruit production,[68] and in 1886 the Birkenhead and Northcote Fruitgrowing Association was formed.[69] In addition to orchards, major crops in Northcote included strawberries, peas and cucumbers.[70] In 1885, a slaughterhouse was constructed in Northcote, serving Takapuna and the surrounding rural areas,[71] and farms in the Northcote area specialised in providing milk supplies for Auckland.[72]

In 1891, St Mary's School and the Awataha Catholic Mission gave permission for Māori led by Te Hemera Tauhia to resettle church lands at Awataha,[73] some of whom were Te Kawerau ā Maki.[74] This community established on the northern shores of Tank Farm over the next twenty years.[75] The Catholic church, needing to raise funds to establish Hato Petera College, leased out these lands to engineer and land developer Harry Hopper Adams. Adams saw opportunity for developing the area, and trespassed the Māori of Awataha in 1916.[75][76] In 1920, the whare was torn down, and residents of Awataha made petitions to parliament to stop the evictions, arguing that Awataha was not included in the Mahurangi Purchase. Some members of the Awataha community were given lifetime leases of Catholic land at Awataha, while others were arrested.[75]

Borough status and growth

[edit]
Dignitaries at the flagstaff and tōtara unveiling ceremony celebrating the establishment of the Borough of Northcote in 1908 (from left): Northcote military veterans J. Hawes, Sergeant-Major Hilditch, Hapi te Pataka (centre), Whatarangi Ngati, and her daughter Takurangi, who married ethnographer George Graham
A photograph of Queen Street in Northcote, taken by William Archer Price circa 1910

In 1908, Northcote had grown enough to be proclaimed a borough, which allowed Northcote to have its own council and mayor.[5] To celebrate this, the Stoke Point headland was proclaimed to be a public reserve.[77][78] A 75 foot (23 m) flagstaff was erected at Stoke Point, a memorial tōtara tree was planted at the site, named Tainui by Māori local to the North Shore,[79][80] and the Stokes Point headland gained the name Tōtara-tahi ("The Single Tōtara Tree").[36] The tree was later damaged in a storm.[10]

In 1903, the Northcote Athenaeum Society was established, which organised pleasurable literary and musical evenings for residents, including recitals poetry readings and plays.[81] In 1912, the Northcote Masonic Lodge was constructed.[10] From the 1920s, Chinese market gardeners had begun operating in the Northcote area.[82]

Northcote grew significantly as a suburb in the 1920s, with development focused around the Queen Street area at Northcote Point, close to the ferry terminal.[83][10] A new concrete road and bus barns were constructed in 1927, joined in the same year by a cinema called the Onewa Picture Drome.[10] Renamed the King's Theatre in the 1930s, it was renamed Bridgeway after the construction of the Auckland Harbour Bridge.[10] By the 1920s, the gas works at Little Shoal Bay, first established in 1902, had become the biggest single employer in the Northcote Borough.[84]

In 1942, during World War II, the United States Army established bulk fuel storage tanks at the northern of the two volcanic craters, which led to its common name Tank Farm. As a part of this construction, the Awataha urupā (cemetery ground) was removed.[16][75]

In the 1950s, a small state housing development was constructed in central Northcote.[11] The Northcote War Memorial Library, designed by Thorpe, Cutter, Pickmere and Douglas, was formally opened on 10 March 1956. The library was funded through local carnivals and grants from the New Zealand Government.[85][10]

Auckland Harbour Bridge

[edit]
Main article: Auckland Harbour Bridge
Construction of the Auckland Harbour Bridge (1956)

A bridge across the Waitematā Harbour between Auckland and the North Shore had been discussed since the 1860s.[86] Plans for a bridge crossing were formalised in the 1940s, with construction in Northcote beginning in the mid-1950s.[87]

Construction of the harbour bridge and the Auckland Northern Motorway led to major changes in the environment. Much of Te Onewa Pā on Stokes Point was destroyed to make way for the harbour bridge landing,[51] as well as parts of the Onewa Domain including the pine trees and ensign.[83] The eastern coastline beaches were reclaimed to make way for the motorway.[10] During the 1960s, the Onepoto Basin, formerly open to the harbour, was drained and redeveloped into recreational facilities.[83][88]

The harbour bridge was officially opened on 30 May 1959.[87] Northcote Shopping Centre was opened by the Borough council on 19 June 1959, which led to northern Northcote becoming the commercial centre of the suburb and a growth hub.[89][10] Former farmland was suburbanised, and an industrial area developed at Barry's Point.[11] While Northcote Central grew, the Northcote Point community suffered after the opening of the bridge. The ferry service was stopped, shops at Northcote Point closed, and Queen Street, once a major road, became a side street.[83][10]

Later developments and urban regeneration

[edit]
Shops in Northcote Town Centre in 2016

In 1966, the North Shore Teachers College moved to a new campus at Northcote.[5] In 1971, a feature seafood restaurant called Fisherman's Wharf was built by restaurateur Bob Sell, adjacent to Northcote wharf. While the restaurant closed two years later,[10] the building is currently known as The Wharf, an events centre.[90]

In 1989, Northcote Borough was merged into the North Shore City.[91] By the 1990s, Asian communities had begun to develop at Northcote.[11] In the 2000s, the Chinese New Zealander community of Northcote started holding annual Chinese New Year parades in the suburb.[92]

In the late 1990s, the former Smale family farm was redeveloped into Smales Farm, a commercial complex adjacent to the motorway.[93] This was joined by the Akoranga Business Park, developed adjacent to the headquarters for The Warehouse Group.[94]

Under the Auckland Unitary Plan, Northcote was identified as a key area for planned intensification.[36] Gentrification became a more prominent issue in Northcote during this period.[95] 1,700 new homes are planned to be constructed in Northcote in the 2020s, while at the same time a new greenway reneration project was established in Northcote. Te Ara Awataha is an urban renewal project which includes a series of urban parks, native plant regeneration, and daylighting the Awataha Stream, which had been undergrounded in stormwater pipes in the 1950s.[29]

Demographics

[edit]

Northcote covers 5.28 km2 (2.04 sq mi)[1] and had an estimated population of 12,770 as of June 2024,[2] with a population density of 2,419 people per km2.

Historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
200610,779—    
201311,043+0.35%
201811,481+0.78%
Source: [96]

Northcote had a population of 11,481 at the 2018 New Zealand census, an increase of 438 people (4.0%) since the 2013 census, and an increase of 702 people (6.5%) since the 2006 census. There were 3,864 households, comprising 5,496 males and 5,982 females, giving a sex ratio of 0.92 males per female, with 1,887 people (16.4%) aged under 15 years, 2,733 (23.8%) aged 15 to 29, 4,968 (43.3%) aged 30 to 64, and 1,878 (16.4%) aged 65 or older.

Ethnicities were 62.8% European/Pākehā, 9.0% Māori, 8.1% Pasifika, 26.1% Asian, and 3.7% other ethnicities. People may identify with more than one ethnicity.

The percentage of people born overseas was 40.1, compared with 27.1% nationally.

Although some people chose not to answer the census's question about religious affiliation, 48.8% had no religion, 37.5% were Christian, 0.5% had Māori religious beliefs, 2.2% were Hindu, 1.6% were Muslim, 1.6% were Buddhist and 2.5% had other religions.

Of those at least 15 years old, 3,357 (35.0%) people had a bachelor's or higher degree, and 939 (9.8%) people had no formal qualifications. 2,190 people (22.8%) earned over $70,000 compared to 17.2% nationally. The employment status of those at least 15 was that 4,710 (49.1%) people were employed full-time, 1,362 (14.2%) were part-time, and 372 (3.9%) were unemployed.[96]

Individual statistical areas
Name Area
(km2)		 Population Density
(per km2)		 Households Median age Median
income
Northcote Central (Auckland) 0.69 2,358 3,417 744 33.1 years $21,600[97]
Akoranga 1.16 1,167 1,006 405 43.9 years $22,100[98]
Northcote South (Auckland) 1.14 2,496 2,189 843 35.3 years $39,600[99]
Northcote Tuff Crater 1.11 2,214 1,995 756 35.6 years $38,900[100]
Northcote Point (Auckland) 1.17 3,246 2,774 1,116 38.3 years $50,500[101]
New Zealand 37.4 years $31,800

Local government

[edit]

The first local government in the area was the North Shore Highway District, which began operating in 1868 and administered roading and similar projects across the North Shore.[11] From 1876, Northcote was also a part of the Takapuna Riding of Waitemata County; a large rural county north and west of the city of Auckland.[102] In 1908 after the population reached 1,000, Northcote separated from Waitemata County and formed the Borough of Northcote.[61]

In 1989, Northcote was merged into the North Shore City.[91] North Shore City was amalgamated into Auckland Council in November 2010.[103]

Within the Auckland Council, Northcote is a part of the Kaipātiki local government area governed by the Kaipātiki Local Board. It is a part of the North Shore ward, which elects two councillors to the Auckland Council.

Mayors of Northcote Borough

[edit]

During its existence, from 1908 to 1989, Northcote Borough had 15 mayors. The following is a complete list:[104]

Name Portrait Term of office
1 Alexander Bruce 1908
2 Herbert Cadness 1908–1912
3 George Fraser 1912–1917
4 John Byrne Tonar 1917–1919
5 Arthur Edwin Greenslade 1919–1921
6 William Ernest Richardson 1921–1925
7 Charles Archibald Deuxberry 1925–1927
(5) Arthur Edwin Greenslade 1927–1931
8 Robert Martin 1931–1941
9 Ernest Clyde Fowler 1941–1944
10 Frank Montague Pearn 1944–1956ǫ
11 John Forsyth Potter 1956–1962
12 Jim Holdaway 1962–1968
13 Alfred James Evans 1968–1974
14 Trevor Edwin La Roche 1974–1979
15 Jean Sampson 1979–1989

Amenities

[edit]
Northcote Tavern
  • The Northcote Shopping Centre, the commercial centre of the suburb, which features aWoolworths supermarket as an anchor store.[105]
  • Smiths Bush in the Onewa Domain is a remnant native forest, dominated by kahikatea and taraire trees. Originally purchased by Alexander Mackay, his son-in-law Thomas Drummond preserved the forest from milling. The park became a public reserve in 1942, and received its name from James and Catherine Smith, the owners of the land who preserved it in the early 20th century. A large section of the forest was felled in 1959, during the construction of the Auckland Northern Motorway.[16]
  • Northart is a gallery and community centre located in Northcote, which focuses on exhibiting artists from the North Shore.[92]
  • Kauri Glen is a steep area of remnant native bush that was reserved in 1907.[11]
  • Northcote Tavern was first built in the late 1850s by Irish immigrant Philip Callan, the building was destroyed by fire and rebuilt in 1888. Originally a hotel, the building became a tavern after the opening of the Auckland Harbour Bridge in 1959 meant that fewer people needed overnight stays on the North Shore.[92]
  • St John the Baptist (Anglican Church)[106]
  • Stokes Point Reserve, the location of Te Onewa Pā. Established as a reserve in 1908, the area became less inviting after the construction of the Auckland Harbour Bridge in the 1950s.[51] In 2015, the reserve was redeveloped as an area celebrating heritage, including designs by Lucy Tukua of Ngāti Pāoa.[51]

Notable people

[edit]
  • George Graham, New Zealand ethnographer, lived at Northcote Point in the early 1900s.[10]

Education

[edit]
Hato Petera College in 2018

The first school in Northcote was Stokes Point School (later Northcote School), established in 1873.[107] Located at the site of Northcote College,[108] the schoolhouse was built in 1878.[108] By the 1920s, the school had developed a reputation for strict teaching methods and harsh discipline, leading many families to send their children to Wellesley Street School in central Auckland.[109] In 1924, the school became a junior high school.[110]

Northcote College is a coeducational secondary (years 9–13) school with a roll of 1416.[111] It was established in 1877.[112] Northcote Intermediate is an intermediate (years 7–8) school with a roll of 547.[113] It celebrated its 50th jubilee in 2008.[114] Onepoto School is a contributing primary (years 1–6) school with a roll of 112.[115] It shares a site with Northcote Intermediate.

During its early years, the College incorporated Standards five and six (Forms one and two) which were transferred to Northcote Intermediate School when that was established as a separate entity on its present site in Lake Road in Northcote Central in 1958.

Northcote Primary School is a coeducational contributing primary (years 1–6) school with a roll of 465.[116] It was established on its present site in 1918.[117] The Northcote area war memorial stands at the front of the school, on the corner of Lake and Onewa Roads.

St Mary's School is a primary school with a roll of 299.[118] It is a state integrated Catholic school, which provides education for both boys and girls in years 1–6, and for girls only in years 7–8.[119] It celebrated its 75th Jubilee in 2008.[120]

Rolls are as of August 2024.[121]

Auckland University of Technology has its North Campus on Akoranga Drive.[122]

Hato Petera College was a secondary (years 9–13) school. It opened as Saint Peter's Catechist School in 1928 and changed its name in 1972.[123] It was a state integrated Catholic Māori school, and offered full-time boarding for enrolled students[124] until the end of 2016, when it became a day school. It closed in 2018.[125]

Sport and recreation

[edit]

The suburb is also home to the Northcote Tigers rugby league club, which was founded in 1910.[126] The Northcote and Birkenhead Rugby Union Club was founded 1929.[127]

Transport

[edit]

Northcote is adjacent to the Auckland Northern Motorway, which runs along the east of the suburb. Auckland ferry services run by Fullers Group stop at Northcote Point, near the northern end of the Auckland Harbour Bridge.

In the year 2000, a Northern Busway station was proposed for Northcote, located on Stafford Road. This proposed station was cancelled in December 2000, after lobbying by residents, who were concerned about increased traffic and public transport in the area.[128]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b "ArcGIS Web Application". statsnz.maps.arcgis.com. Retrieved 15 December 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Aotearoa Data Explorer". Statistics New Zealand. Retrieved 26 October 2024.
  3. ^ Humphrey, Hewitt (17 April 2015). "A whistle-stop tour from Avon to Avon". Radio New Zealand. Retrieved 11 November 2024.
  4. ^ "Ka taea e te Rōpū Reipa te huri ngā kaipōti o Te Onewa ki a rātou?". Te Ao Māori News (in Māori). 7 June 2018. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  5. ^ a b c d e Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 5.
  6. ^ a b c d e "Northcote". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  7. ^ "By Telegraph". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. XVI, no. 5639. 12 December 1879. p. 4. Retrieved 5 December 2023 – via Papers Past.
  8. ^ "Board of Education". Auckland Star. Vol. X, no. 3018. 19 December 1879. p. 2. Retrieved 5 December 2023 – via Papers Past.
  9. ^ a b Jones, Les (2011). "Development of Auckland Ports". In La Roche, John (ed.). Evolving Auckland: The City's Engineering Heritage. Wily Publications. pp. 87–104. ISBN 9781927167038.
  10. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Holman, Dinah (January 2002). "Northcote Point Walk" (PDF). North Shore City. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  11. ^ a b c d e f g h i j Heritage Consultancy Services (1 July 2011). North Shore Heritage - Thematic Review Report Volume 1 (PDF) (Report). Auckland Council. ISBN 978-1-927169-21-6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
  12. ^ "Tuff Crater Path". Auckland Council. Retrieved 28 June 2022.
  13. ^ "Onepoto Basin". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  14. ^ a b c d Hayward, Bruce (December 2009). Tank Farm Volcano Geology (PDF) (Report). Forest & Bird. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 April 2017.
  15. ^ Hopkins, Jenni L.; Smid, Elaine R.; Eccles, Jennifer D.; Hayes, Josh L.; Hayward, Bruce W.; McGee, Lucy E.; van Wijk, Kasper; Wilson, Thomas M.; Cronin, Shane J.; Leonard, Graham S.; Lindsay, Jan M.; Németh, Karoly; Smith, Ian E. M. (3 July 2021). "Auckland Volcanic Field magmatism, volcanism, and hazard: a review". New Zealand Journal of Geology and Geophysics. 64 (2–3): 213–234. doi:10.1080/00288306.2020.1736102. hdl:2292/51323. S2CID 216443777.
  16. ^ a b c Cameron, Ewen; Hayward, Bruce; Murdoch, Graeme (2008). A Field Guide to Auckland: Exploring the Region's Natural and Historical Heritage (rev. ed.). Random House New Zealand. p. 143-144. ISBN 978-1-86962-1513.
  17. ^ "Northcote Central". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  18. ^ a b "Northcote Point". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  19. ^ "North Shore City Suburbs" (PDF). North Shore City Council. March 2009. Archived from the original (PDF) on 10 July 2012.
  20. ^ "A History of Northcote Baptist Church 1963–1993" (PDF). Northcote Baptist Church. August 1993. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  21. ^ Watercare Services Limited (June 2016). "Report to Auckland Council Hearing topic 074 Designations" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 1 December 2023.
  22. ^ "Stokes Point". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  23. ^ "Onepoto Stream". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  24. ^ "Shoal Bay". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  25. ^ "Hillcrest Creek". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  26. ^ "Hillcrest". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 27 November 2023.
  27. ^ a b Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 6–7.
  28. ^ a b c Simmons, D. R. (1979). "George Graham's Maori Place Names of Auckland". Records of the Auckland Institute and Museum. 16: 11–39. ISSN 0067-0464. JSTOR 42906272. Wikidata Q58677091.
  29. ^ a b Clark-Dow, Emma (24 September 2022). "The Awataha Project: How unearthing a stream is bringing a community to life". Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  30. ^ "City of Cork Beach". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  31. ^ "Sulphur Beach". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  32. ^ "Little Shoal Bay". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  33. ^ "Halls Beach". New Zealand Gazetteer. Toitū Te Whenua Land Information New Zealand. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  34. ^ Pishief, Elizabeth; Shirley, Brendan (August 2015). "Waikōwhai Coast Heritage Study" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 14 February 2023.
  35. ^ a b c Northcote Framework Plan (PDF) (Report). Eke Panuku. November 2016. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  36. ^ Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki (April 2016). Cultural Values Assessment Report to New Zealand Transport Agency for Northern Corridor Improvements Project (NCI) (PDF) (Report). NZ Transport Agency. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  37. ^ a b c Mossman, Sarah (August 2018). Cultural Values Assessment for America's Cup 36 - Wynyard and Hobson Planning Application (PDF). Te Kawerau Iwi Tribunal Authority (Report). Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  38. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 17.
  39. ^ "Waitākere Ranges Heritage Area" (PDF). Auckland Council. December 2018. Retrieved 28 June 2021.
  40. ^ Murdoch, Graeme (1990). "Nga Tohu o Waitakere: the Maori Place Names of the Waitakere River Valley and its Environs; their Background History and an Explanation of their Meaning". In Northcote-Bade, James (ed.). West Auckland Remembers, Volume 1. West Auckland Historical Society. p. 13-14. ISBN 0-473-00983-8.
  41. ^ Ngāti Manuhiri; The Crown (21 May 2011). "Deed of Settlement of Historical Claims" (PDF). New Zealand Government. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
  42. ^ a b Whaanga, Mel (March 2022). "He taonga o te rohe". Restore Hibiscus & Bays. Retrieved 30 June 2023.
  43. ^ a b c d e f g h Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki and the Trustees of the Ngāi Tai Ki Tāmaki Trust and the Crown (7 November 2015). "Deed of settlement schedule documents" (PDF). NZ Government. Archived (PDF) from the original on 13 February 2020. Retrieved 31 October 2021.
  44. ^ a b "Tipua, Tūrehu and Patupaiarehe". Ngāi Tai ki Tāmaki. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  45. ^ a b Pegman, David M (August 2007). "The Volcanoes of Auckland" (PDF). Manukau City Council. Mangere Mountain Education Centre. Archived from the original (PDF) on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2021.
  46. ^ a b c Rāwiri, Mahuika (24 August 2018). Cultural Values Assessment: AC36 Consent Application (Te Waitematā) (PDF) (Report). Waitangi Tribunal. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  47. ^ Campbell, Dr Nerida; Truttman, Lisa; Auckland City Council; Ngāti Pāoa; Ngāti Whātua Ōrākei. "Auckland's Original Shoreline" (PDF). Auckland Council. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  48. ^ Trilford, Danielle; Campbell, Matthew (30 July 2018). Long Bay Regional Park Northern Entrance, archaeological investigations (HNZPTA authority 2016/575) (PDF) (Report). CFG Heritage Ltd. Retrieved 12 July 2023.
  49. ^ Ngāti Manuhiri; The Crown (21 May 2011). "Deed of Settlement of Historical Claims" (PDF). New Zealand Government. Retrieved 18 May 2022.
  50. ^ a b c d e f g h i Cruickshank, Arden (20 November 2018). Te Onewa Pa Upgrade: a Methodological Case Study in Minimising Effects on Archaeological Sites (PDF) (Report). CFG Heritage. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 October 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  51. ^ Clough, Rod; Prince, Don (8 March 2001). Tuff Crater Reserve Walkway Upgrade, Exmouth Road, Northcote: Archaeological Assessment (PDF) (Report). North Shore City Council. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  52. ^ McClure, Margaret 1987, pp. 14.
  53. ^ a b Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 8.
  54. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 9.
  55. ^ a b Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 13.
  56. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 9–10.
  57. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 11.
  58. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 19–21.
  59. ^ Verran, David. "Waiwharariki, Part One: The Lakelands Estate". Channel Mag. Retrieved 5 December 2023.
  60. ^ a b Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 15.
  61. ^ Verran, David (10 December 2022). "Birkenhead 1790-1906 Timeline". Birkenhead Heritage Society. Retrieved 4 December 2023.
  62. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 23.
  63. ^ Robinson, Michelle (11 March 2010). "Shore's oldest church nears 150". Stuff. Archived from the original on 5 February 2021. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  64. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 14.
  65. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 37–38.
  66. ^ a b Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 19.
  67. ^ McClure, Margaret 1987, pp. 69.
  68. ^ McClure, Margaret 1987, pp. 77.
  69. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 45.
  70. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 37.
  71. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 39.
  72. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 22.
  73. ^ "Te Kawerau ā Maki Deed of Settlement Schedule" (PDF). New Zealand Government. 22 February 2014. Retrieved 29 January 2021.
  74. ^ a b c d Verran, David 2010, pp. 24–25.
  75. ^ Verran, David (April 2019). "Henry 'Harry' Hopper Adams (1851-1928) and Takapuna". Channel Magazine. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  76. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 18.
  77. ^ "Flag Presentation". The New Zealand Herald. Vol. XLV, no. 13824. 10 August 1908. p. 7. Retrieved 6 December 2023 – via Papers Past.
  78. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 21.
  79. ^ Lutz, Heike; Chan, Theresa (2011). North Shore heritage – North Shore area studies and scheduled items list: volume 2 parts 6+ (PDF). Heritage Consultancy Services (Report). Auckland Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 February 2023. Retrieved 7 July 2023.
  80. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 31.
  81. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 33.
  82. ^ a b c d Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 41.
  83. ^ Verran, David 2010, pp. 70.
  84. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 34–35.
  85. ^ "The history of the Auckland Harbour Bridge". The New Zealand Herald. 25 May 2009. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 31 May 2009.
  86. ^ a b Lancaster, Mike (2011). "Auckland Harbour Bridge". In La Roche, John (ed.). Evolving Auckland: The City's Engineering Heritage. Wily Publications. pp. 127–148. ISBN 9781927167038.
  87. ^ "Onepoto Basin drainage". Auckland Libraries Heritage Collections. N0113164. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  88. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 42–43.
  89. ^ Doyle, Trent (17 March 2023). "Auckland landmark building 'The Wharf' at Northcote Point up for sale". Newshub. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  90. ^ a b McClure, Margaret (6 December 2007). "Auckland places - The North Shore". Te Ara: The Encyclopedia of New Zealand. Retrieved 13 November 2023.
  91. ^ a b c Community Facilities Trust Birkenhead/Northcote (2006). Harbourside Explorer: A Guide to Exploring What's In and Around Birkenhead and Northcote (2nd ed.). North Shore City. pp. 16–19.
  92. ^ Verran, David (June 2019). "Jim and Geoff Smale, the next generation". Channel Magazine. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  93. ^ "Two go courting in park". North Shore Times Advertiser. 6 November 1998. p. 26 – via National Library.
  94. ^ "Te Onewa Pa". NZPlaces. Archived from the original on 24 September 2021. Retrieved 24 September 2021.
  95. ^ a b "Statistical area 1 dataset for 2018 Census". Statistics New Zealand. March 2020. Northcote Central (Auckland) (127100), Akoranga (127200), Northcote South (Auckland) (127300), Northcote Tuff Crater (128100) and Northcote Point (Auckland) (128200).
  96. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Northcote Central (Auckland)
  97. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Akoranga
  98. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Northcote South (Auckland)
  99. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Northcote Tuff Crater
  100. ^ 2018 Census place summary: Northcote Point (Auckland)
  101. ^ Reidy, Jade (2009). "How the West Was Run". In Macdonald, Finlay; Kerr, Ruth (eds.). West: The History of Waitakere. Random House. pp. 238–239. ISBN 9781869790080.
  102. ^ Blakeley, Roger (2015). "The planning framework for Auckland 'super city': an insider's view". Policy Quarterly. 11 (4). doi:10.26686/pq.v11i4.4572. ISSN 2324-1101.
  103. ^ "Timeline of Auckland Mayors: An Online Exhibition". Auckland Council Archives. Archived from the original on 10 January 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2023.
  104. ^ "About Us - Northcote". Northcote Shopping Centre. Retrieved 28 January 2009.
  105. ^ Robinson, Michelle (11 March 2010). "Shore's oldest church nears 150". Stuff. Retrieved 26 January 2021.
  106. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 25.
  107. ^ a b McClure, Margaret 1987, pp. 56.
  108. ^ McClure, Margaret 1987, pp. 131.
  109. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 27.
  110. ^ Education Counts: Northcote College
  111. ^ "Celebrating 131 Years of Excellence". Northcote College. Archived from the original on 10 May 2007. Retrieved 27 January 2009.
  112. ^ Education Counts: Northcote Intermediate
  113. ^ "Northcote Intermediate School 50th Jubilee 1958–2008". Education Gazette New Zealand. 87. 13 October 2008.
  114. ^ Education Counts: Onepoto School
  115. ^ Education Counts: Northcote School
  116. ^ "Our School". Northcote School. Archived from the original on 22 February 2009. Retrieved 27 January 2009.
  117. ^ Education Counts: St Mary's School
  118. ^ "About Us". St Mary's School. Archived from the original on 8 February 2007. Retrieved 27 January 2009.
  119. ^ "75th Jubilee 2008". St Mary's School. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 27 January 2009.
  120. ^ "New Zealand Schools Directory". New Zealand Ministry of Education. Retrieved 17 September 2024.
  121. ^ "North Campus". AUT. Retrieved 3 July 2020.
  122. ^ "History of Hato Petera College". Hato Petera College. Retrieved 28 January 2009.
  123. ^ "Nau mai whakatau mai ki Hato Petera". Hato Petera College. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
  124. ^ John Boynton, "Māori Catholic school Hato Pētera College closes", RNZ News, 31 August 2018 (Retrieved 31 August, 2018)
  125. ^ Haynes, John (1996). From All Blacks to All Golds: Rugby League's Pioneers. Christchurch: Ryan and Haynes. ISBN 0-473-03864-1.
  126. ^ Christmas, Judith 1983, pp. 30.
  127. ^ Thompson, Wayne (5 December 2000). "Locals halt busway station". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 20 February 2024.

Bibliography

[edit]

Further reading

[edit]
  • Northcote Borough Council (1982), Northcote's Past: As Related by Elderly Residents Who Lived Their Lives in Northcote Covering the 1800's Up to the Present Time, Auckland: Northcote Borough Council, OCLC 154418192, Wikidata Q123906114
[edit]
Retrieved from "http://en.wiki.x.io/w/index.php?title=Northcote,_Auckland&oldid=1256662081"