Miss World
 Logo of the Miss World event. | |
| Formation | 1951 |
|---|---|
| Type | Beauty Pageant |
| Headquarters | London |
| Location | |
President | Julia Morley |
Key people | Eric Morley |
| Website | Official website |
The Miss World pageant is the oldest surviving major international beauty pageant. It was created in the United Kingdom by Eric Morley in 1951. Since his death in 2000, Morley's wife, Julia Morley, co-chairs the pageant.[1].
Alongside its rival Miss Universe and Miss Earth contests, this pageant is one of the most publicised beauty contests in the world.[2][3] The telecast of the final competition is the world's largest live annual beauty pageant television event with global viewers.[4][5]
The winner spends a year travelling to represent the Miss World Organization and its various causes.[6] Traditionally, Miss World lives in London during her reign. The current Miss World is Ksenia Sukhinova of Russia.
History
Miss World started as the Festival Bikini Contest, in honour of the recently introduced swim wear of the time, but was called "Miss World" by the media. It was originally planned as a one-off event. Upon learning about the upcoming Miss Universe pageant, Morley decided to make the pageant an annual event.[7][8]
Opposition to the wearing of bikinis led to their replacement with more modest swim wear after the first contest. In 1959, the BBC started broadcasting the competition. The pageant's popularity grew with the advent of television.[9]
In the 1980s, the pageant repositioned itself with the slogan Beauty With a Purpose, with added tests of intelligence and personality.[10] However, the competition has been seen as old-fashioned and rather politically incorrect in its native Britain. Despite the global appeal, the show was not broadcast on any major terrestrial British TV network for several years, until Channel 5 aired it in 1998.[11][12]
21st Century
Eric Morley died as the pageant entered the new century. His wife, Julia, succeeded as chairwoman of the Miss World Organization.[13].
The century saw its first black African winner, Agbani Darego, in 2001. As part of its marketing strategy, Miss World came up with a "You Decide" television special during that edition, featuring the delegates behind the scenes and on the beach, and allowing viewers to either phone in or vote online for their favorites. It also sells its Talent, Beach Beauty and Sports events as television specials to broadcasters.[14]
In 2002 the pageant was slated for choosing Abuja, the capital city of Nigeria to host its final. This choice was controversial, as a northern Nigerian woman, Amina Lawal, was awaiting death by stoning for adultery under Sharia law there, but Miss World chose to use the publicity surrounding its presence to bring greater global awareness and action to Amina's plight (see Controversies section).[15][16]
Miss World Organization
The Miss World Organization owns and manages the annual Miss World Finals, a competition that has grown into one of the World’s biggest.[17] Since its launch in 1951, the Miss World Organization has raised more than £250 million for children’s charities.[18] Miss World is franchised in more than 100 countries.[19][20] Miss World, Limited is a privately held firm, and thus figures for its earnings, expenses and charitable contributions are not publicly available.
Aside from raising millions of pounds for charities around the globe under the banner of its 'Beauty with a Purpose' program, Miss World is also credited with directly influencing a dramatic increase in tourism in Sanya, China, host of the Miss World finals from 2003-05.[21]
The Pageant
In the year preceding the global finals, each delegate must win her national title or a specially designated Miss World national preliminary. Miss World's national preliminaries are conducted by their licence-holders, who hold the franchise to use the "Miss World" name in their country. The annual final is typically a month long event, with several preliminary galas, dinners, balls and activities, culminating in a globally telecast final show in which the field is narrowed to between 15-20 delegates.
Since 2003 Miss World pageant also features Fast Track events during the preliminary round. The winners of Fast Track events are automatically qualified to enter the final round. Fast Track events which have been used since 2003 are:
- Beach Beauty (2003-present)
- Miss Talent (2003-present)
- Miss Sports (2003-present)
- Beauty With A Purpose (2005-present)
- Top Model (2004, 2007-present)
- People's Choice (2003)
- Personality (2003)
- Contestant's Choice (2004)
Criteria
Contestants must fulfill a number of entry requirements to participate in the national contests. These requirements vary from contry and can vary from a simple age criteria[22], or no criminal record, education, not haven giving birth, moral character[23] to heigh, language and religion[24]
Titleholders
- The following is a list of winners from 1999 to 2008. See List of Miss World titleholders for the full list of titleholders.
Best Performances by Country
As of 2008:
| Titles | Country |
|---|---|
| 5 | India, Venezuela |
| 4 | United Kingdom |
| 3 | Iceland, Jamaica and Sweden |
| 2 | Argentina, Australia, Austria, Netherlands, Peru, Russia, South Africa, United States |
| 1 | Bermuda, Brazil, China, Czech Republic, Dominican Republic, Egypt, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Grenada, Guam, Ireland, Israel, Nigeria, Poland, Puerto Rico, Trinidad and Tobago,Turkey |
Best Performances by Continental Region
As of 2008:
| Continent | Best Performance |
|---|---|
| Europe | 24 titles won by United Kingdom (4), Iceland and Sweden (3), Austria, Netherlands, Russia and Turkey (2), Czech Republic, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland and Poland (1). |
| Americas | 13 titles won by Venezuela (5), Argentina, Peru and United States (2), Bermuda and Brazil (1). |
| Asia-Pacific | 9 titles won by India (5), Australia (2), Guam and China (1). |
| Caribbean | 8 titles won by Jamaica (3), Dominican Republic, Grenada, Puerto Rico and Trinidad and Tobago (1). |
| Africa | 5 titles won by South Africa (2), Israel, Egypt and Nigeria (1). |
Continental Queens of Beauty
The following is a list of Continental Queens of Beauty winners since the format was changed in 2005.
| Year | Americas | Africa | Asia-Pacific | Caribbean | Northern Europe | Southern Europe |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2005 |  Mexico |
 Tanzania |
 Korea |
 Puerto Rico |
 Iceland |
 Italy |
| 2006 |  Brazil |
 Angola |
 Australia |
 Jamaica |
 Czech Republic |
 Romania |
| 2007 | Mexico |
Angola |
 China |
 Trinidad & Tobago |
 Sweden | |
| 2008 |  Venezuela |
Angola |
 India |
Trinidad & Tobago |
 Russia | |
Queens of Beauty Titles
As of 2008:
| Continent | Best Performance |
|---|---|
| Queens of Beauty Northern Europe | United Kingdom (3) |
| Queens of Beauty Southern Europe | Croatia and Turkey (3) |
| Queens of Beauty Americas | Venezuela (11) |
| Queens of Beauty Asia-Pacific | Australia (8) or India (6) |
| Queens of Beauty Caribbean | Jamaica (8) |
| Queens of Beauty Africa | South Africa (9) |
Remark: 6 in 8 titles of Australia as Oceania (1981, 1982, 1983, 1984, 1988, 1989) and only 2 latest titles as Asia Pacific (2006) or Asia & Oceania (1991). Read this article for more details about the disputes between Australia and India.
Hosts and Invited Artists
- The following is a list of finals hosts and invited artists of the previous ten years. See List of Miss World hosts and invited artists for the full list of hosts and invited artists.
| Year | Hosts | Invited Artists |
|---|---|---|
| 2008 | Angela Chow and Tumisho Masha | Alesha Dixon& McFly |
| 2007 | Angela Chow and Fernando Allende | Duncan James, Haikou Artistic Group & The South African Mvezo Choir |
| 2006 | Tim Vincent, Angela Chow, and Grażyna Torbicka | Westlife, Robin Gibb, and Amici |
| 2005 | Tim Vincent and Angela Chow | Alexander O’Neal |
| 2004 | Troy McClain, Angela Chow and Lisa Snowdon | Lionel Richie and Il Divo |
| 2003 | Phil Keoghan, Amanda Byram and Angela Chow | Luis Fonsi and Bryan Ferry |
| 2002 | Sean Kanan and Claire Elizabeth Smith | Chayanne and BBMak |
| 2001 | Jerry Springer and Claire Elizabeth Smith | Umoja |
| 2000 | Jerry Springer and Rebecca de Alba | Bond and S Club 7 |
| 1999 | Ulrika Jonsson and Melanie Sykes | Westlife, Robert Palmer and Enrique Iglesias |
Pageant Controversies
The Miss World pageant has been the target of many controversies since its inception.
- In 1970, feminist protesters threw flour bombs during the live event at London's Royal Albert Hall, momentarily scaring the host, Bob Hope.[25][26]
- In 1973, Marjorie Wallace, the first American to win the title was forced to relinquish the title 104 days into her reign. Pageant officials stated that Ms. Wallace "had failed to fulfill the basic requirements of the job." The responsibilities and duties not the title have been offered to the 1st runner-up and was turned down by Evangeline Pascual of the Philippines.
- The 1974 winner Helen Morgan representing the United Kingdom was forced to resign four days later after it was discovered she was a single mother.[27]
- In 1976, several countries went on a boycott, because the pageant included both a Caucasian and African representative for South Africa.[28] In yet another shut-out for the nation for its apartheid policy, South Africa competed for the last time in 1977, before it was welcomed back in 1991 as that policy disintegrated.[29]
- The 1980 winner Gabriella Brum of Germany resigned one day after winning, initially claiming her boyfriend disapproved. A few days later it emerged that she had been forced to resign after it was discovered that she posed naked for a magazine.[30]
- In 1996, wide-scale protests took place in Bangalore, India over the hosting of the beauty contest. The swimsuit shootings were moved to Seychelles, and heavy security was placed. Despite the chaos, the pageant's live telecast went on smoothly.[31][32][33]
- Just days after her 1998 crowning, Israel's Linor Abargil revealed that she had been raped only two months before the pageant. The man accused of raping her was later convicted.[34]
The 2002 Nigeria Contest
In the year leading up the finals in Nigeria, several European title holders lobbied their governments and the EU parliament to support Amina's cause.[35][36] A number of contestants followed the lead of Kathrine Sørland of Norway in boycotting the contest (despite the controversy Sørland would go on to become a semifinalist in both the Miss World and Miss Universe contest), while others such as Costa Rica were instructed by their national governments and parliaments not to attend the contest. Among the other boycotting nations were Denmark, Spain, Switzerland, Panama, Belgium and Kenya. There was further controversy over the possibly suspended participation of France and South Africa, which may or may not have been due to the boycott.[37] For her part, Lawal asked that contestants not suspend their participation in the contest, saying that it was for the good of her country and that they could, as the representative of Sweden had earlier remarked, make a much stronger case for her on the ground in Nigeria.[38]
Despite the increasing international profile the boycott was garnering in the world press, the contest went ahead in Nigeria after being rescheduled to avoid taking place during Ramadan, with many prominent nations sending delegates. Osmel Sousa of Venezuela, one of the world's most influential national directors, famously said "there is no question about it (the participation of Miss Venezuela in the contest). "The trouble did not end there, however. A ThisDay (Lagos, Nigeria) newspaper editorial suggesting that Muhammad, would probably have chosen one of his wives from among the contestants had he been alive to see it, resulted in inter-religious riots that started on November 22 in which over 200 people were killed in the city of Kaduna, along with many houses of worship being burned by religious zealots.[39] Because of these riots, the 2002 pageant was moved to London, following widely circulated reports that the representatives of Canada and Korea had withdrawn from the contest and returned to their respective countries out of safety concerns. A fatwa urging the beheading of the woman who wrote the offending words, Isioma Daniel, was issued in Nigeria, but was declared null and void by the relevant Saudi Arabian authorities.[40][41][42][43] Upon the pageant's return to England, many of the boycotting contestants chose to attend, including Miss Norway, Kathrine Sørland, who was ironically tipped in the last few days as the number one favorite for the crown she had previously boycotted.[44][45][46][47][48]
The eventual winner of the pageant was Azra Akın of Turkey, the first predominantly Muslim country to hold the title since Egypt in 1954.[49].
References
- ^ Pageant News Bureau - Miss World: A long, glittering history
- ^ Singapore must not give up its 59 seconds of fame
- ^ Tracing the regal existence of ‘Miss Universe’
- ^ Lebanon Links - Miss World 2006 Tatana Kucharova
- ^ AFP: Miss China on top of the world
- ^ Philanthropy Magazine: Beauty With A Purpose
- ^ Frontline World: A Pageant is Born
- ^ Bet on Miss World Pageant
- ^ The Nation. As Miss World Turns.
- ^ Tiza.com. Miss World
- ^ Should the Miss World pageant have gone ahead?
- ^ Mayor's frosty reception for Miss World
- ^ Miss World contest history
- ^ Miss World facts
- ^ Miss World Riots in Nigeria
- ^ Nigerian woman fights stoning
- ^ ElEconomista.es. Miss World Organisation and Mauj Telecom Ink Global Deal on Mobile Content and Applications
- ^ Philanthropy World. Beauty with a Purpose
- ^ Newly crowned Miss Namibia 2009, Happie Ntelamo
- ^ Warsaw-life.com. Miss World comes to Warsaw
- ^ EuroBiz Magazine, July 2006. Sanya's place in the sun
- ^ http://www.missworldsweden.com/anmalan.asp
- ^ http://www.missworldcanada.com/entrydetails.htm
- ^ http://www.facebook.com/pages/Miss-World-Malaysia-2009/121273952755?v=feed&story_fbid=119556212843
- ^ History of Miss World 1970 - 1979
- ^ Last milestone on a record-breaking comedy Road ... Bob Hope dies at 100
- ^ Pageantopolis - Miss World 1974
- ^ Pageantopolis - Miss World 1976
- ^ Pageantopolis - Miss World 1977
- ^ Pageantopolis - Miss World 1980
- ^ CNN - Miss Greece now Miss World, despite pageant protests
- ^ CNN - Indian police prepare for worst in beauty pageant clash
- ^ CNN - Beauty pageant in India becomes a contest of wills
- ^ Pageant News Bureau - News archive: 1999
- ^ The Nation - As Miss World Turns
- ^ CNN - Miss World boycott over Nigerian stoning
- ^ Pageantopolis - Miss World 2002
- ^ CNN - Woman sentenced to stoning freed
- ^ BBC News - Nigeria riots toll 'passes 200'
- ^ Miss World 2002 - The World at their Feet
- ^ The Guardian - Nigerian journalist Isioma Daniel tells her story
- ^ BBC NEWS - Nigeria's journalist on the run
- ^ Nigeria World - MISS WORLD AND ISLAM: "FATWA" AND ISIOMA DANIEL A NIGERIAN "FATWA"
- ^ Modern Gent - Contestants boycott Miss World
- ^ Telegraph.co.uk - Don't boycott Nigeria's Miss World contest, begs mother facing stoning
- ^ Telegraph.co.uk - Contestants threaten Miss World boycott over stoning
- ^ BBC NEWS - Nigeria faces Miss World boycott threat
- ^ BBC NEWS - Miss World Nigeria boycott spreads
- ^ Pageantopolis - Miss World
External links
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