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Malaysian Tamil cinema

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Malaysian Tamil cinema
Coliseum Theatre (Kuala Lumpur)
No. of screens639 (2011)[1]
 • Per capita2.4 per 100,000 (2011)[1]
Main distributorsLotus Five Star AV
Astro Shaw
Tayangan Unggul Sdn Bhd[2]
Produced feature films (2009)[3]
Fictional26
Animated1
Documentary–
Number of admissions (2011)[4]
Total59,500,000
National films13,130,000 (22.1%)
Gross box office (2011)[4]
TotalMYR 602 million
National filmsMYR 125 million (20.7%)

The making of local Tamil-language films its motherland of Tamil Nadu is actively growing in Malaysia. With the Tamil diaspora worldwide, there are many enthusiastic filmmakers who want to make their mark.[5][6][7]

Malaysia's first Tamil film is known to be Ratha Paei, starring Kalaikkumar Chinnasamy, Susheela Devi, Sivaji Raja, M. Baharudeen, Mukesh, Jaya Gowri and Malaysia Vasudevan. It was shot in Golden Studio, Chennai and directed by Mooban. Music and background score of the film was composed by G. K. Venkatesh. Shooting of the film began in 1968 and it was released on 14 January 1969.

Centered in Kuala Lumpur, Penang and Johor Bahru, the industry remained relatively small with fewer films produced. The industry is growing and faces strong competition from Tamil films from Kollywood.

Highest-grossing movies

[edit]
* Denotes films still running in cinemas
Highest-grossing Tamil language Malaysian films[8][9]
Rank Movie Year Studio Net gross (RM)
1 Vedigundu Pasangge 2018 Veedu Production 1,330,219
2 Maindhan 2014 Astro Shaw 903,550
3 Poochandi 2022 Trium Studio 800,000
4 Kathe Ille Pathukalam 2024 Havoc Film Production 619,479
5 Appalam 2011 Astro Shaw 590,707
6 Mayangaathey 2016 Touchtronics Entertainment, Shaibha Vision 554,816
7 Venpa 2019 Vadai Productions 542,686
8 Geethaiyin Raadhai 2016 Vikadakavi Production 529,162
9 Adai Mazhai Kaalam 2023 Pocket Play 517,106
10 Pulanaivu 2019 Story Films, Shaibha Vision 512,048
11 Oru Kadha Sollattaa Sir 2024 Kash Villanz Productions 385,751
12 Vetti Pasanga 2014 Veedu Production 339,036
13 Thirudathey Papa Thirudathey 2018 Story Films Sdn.Bhd. 322,400
14 Neeyum Naanum 2018 BGW Studios 307,956
15 Vennira Iravuggal 2014 Shine Entertainment 260,353
16 Kali Muni Tharisanam 2019 AT Movie 236,806
17 Jagat 2015 Shine Entertainment 224,370.43
18 Vere Vazhi Ille 2015 Veedu Production 220,208.39

List of Tamil films from Malaysia by year

[edit]

Below is a list of Tamil language films produced in Malaysia. The total grosses of the films are in Ringgit Malaysia, and the source is FINAS.

2024

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Ref.
18 Jan Black & White Pocket Play Logan Logan, Sasi, Seelan Manoharan, Latha Ramasamy, Shamini Shradha Comedy [10]
1 Feb Agrinai Sai Nanthini Movie World Thanesh Perrabu Aghonderan Sahadevan, Umagandhan, Viknes Perrabu Thriller / Science Fiction [11]
15 Feb Curry Mee Poketplay Kash Villanz S. Gana, Ropie, Echo Quah, Nazira Ibrahim, Kavitha Sinniah Comedy [12]
7 Mar Oru Kadha Sollattaa Sir Poketplay Kash Villanz Kash Villanz, Vikadakavi Magen, CK, Ben G, Moon Nilaa, Thivya Naidu, Shivakanth, Lallu, Kim Fukazawa Comedy Fantasy [13]
21 Mar Hero Friend-U Dove Eyes Martin R. Chantheran Cellina Jay, Ravin Rao Santheran, Thevaguru Suppiah Comedy Romance [14]

2023

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
26 January Adai Mazhai Kaalam Poketplay Sdn. Bhd. Karthik Shamalan Loga Varman, Thia Lakshana, Evarani, Sasitharan K Rajool Romance Drama [15]
2 Feb Sawadikap Pei Poketplay Sdn. Bhd. Roman Anthony Gana, Ellicia Wong, Nandu Ramesh, Kuben Mahadevan Horror Comedy [16]
9 Feb Thallipogathey Dreamhouse Guna Jayakumar Hamsni Perumal, Thevaguru Suppiah, Vicky Rao Romantic Comedy [17]
16 Feb Aadhitya Arunachalam Poketplay Sdn. Bhd Ben G Gaffar, Banumathi, Mcva, Aghonderan Sahadevan, Ben G Action [18]
29 Jun Rajathanthiram: The Piano Poketplay Sdn. Bhd. Aaron Rao Moon Nila, Thevaguru Suppiah, K.S Maniam, S. Haridhass Fantasy [19]
6 Jul Club House Triple S Films Amin Deisho Sivabaalan, Shamvanan, Leanesh Sivabaalan Action Thriller [20]
27 Jul Kanneera Poketplay Sdn. Bhd Kathir Raven S Kathir Raven S, Maya Glammy, Nanthakumar NKR, Chandhine Kaur Romantic Drama [21]
21 Sept Vinveli Devathai Story Films Shalini Balasundaram Shalini Balasundaram, Auro Chakkravarthy Romantic Comedy [22]
23 Nov Naam Katra Isai T. Danesh Kumar Saresh D7, Alvin Martin, Kaameshaa Ravindran Drama / Musical
30 Nov Ninaivo Oru Paravai Kabilan Plondran Karnan Kanapathy, Thivya Naidu, Sandhya Lord Drama /Romance

2022

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
27 January Poochandi Poketplay Sdn. Bhd. JK Wicky RJ Ramana, Ganesan Manohgaran, Tinesh Sarathi Krishnan, Logan, Hamsni Perumal Thriller, horror 800000 [23]
10 February Aval Thediyathu [ms] AT Movies BGW BGW, Subashini, Sanjna Suri, Irfan Zaini, Keshap Suria Comedy, horror
24 February Narigal Boss Pictures RMS Sara RMS Sara.R, Jayarajendran John, Alvin Martin, Nithyashree, Lingeswaran. Action, thriller
28 February Kambathe Kannemma D' Cinema K K Khana Sangeeta Krishnasamy, Sasikumar Kandasamy, Tokoh Sathia, Lockup Nathan Comedy
24 March Viman [ms] SB Production Kishok Kishok, Jasmin Michael, Coco Nantha, Jee Kutty. Superhero
16 June Arul Mozhi Jaysanga Sir Manan Subra Sangabalan Subramaniam, Alvin Martin, Vikadakavi Magen, Pashini Sivakumar. Action, Drama.
23 June Moondram Athigharam KALKI PRODUCTION Sd Puvanendran Jibrail Rajhula, Haridhass S, Kavitha Thiagarajan Action
25 August Undercover Rascals 2 V. Nagaraj Bala Ganapathi William, K.K Khanna, G Crak Karnan, Rupini Krishnan, Irfan Zaini Action [24]

-

31 August BIISHMAN MAGIC SILVERTREE PRODUCTIONS DANIAN SARAVANNAN G Crak Karnan, Vickran, Arvind Naidu, Moon Nila, Jasmine Michael, Mathi Alagan, Sheejay, Reentha Gangster, Drama
28 July Senthozhan Sengkathirvaana Poketplay Govind Singh Kash Villanz, Moon Nila Thriller
25 October Gajen Veedu Production S.Mathan Denes Kumar, Jasmin Michael, Abhirami Venkatachalam Romantic Comedy [25]

2021

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
1 February Paramapatham Sai Nanthini Movie World (SNMW)

Dreamsky Home Production

Thanesh Perrabu

Viknes Perrabu

K.S.Maniam, Singai JGun, BenG, Aghonderan, Umagandhan, Vicky Nadarajah, Kavimaran (THR Raaga), Viknes Perrabu, Thanesh Perrabu, Sasivaroban, Risheekesan, Kausaliya, Pavitran, Vimal Fantasy [26]
5 November Pallavi Bakery Astro Vaanavil Sathish Natarajan Irfan Zaini, Shalini Balasundaram Romance, comedy
9 December MR. PEYII Unison Production V. Nagaraj Karnan G. Crack, Nithya Shree, Rupini Krishnan Horror, comedy

2020

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
2 January At Rainbows End 2 Fiery Movie Mark Lee Sharmini Ramesh, Susila Devi, Morgan Chandra Dass Documentary [27]
13 February Santhittha Naal Muthal Top Movies Sdn Bhd

Imagination Makers Sdn Bhd

Sheela Pravina Nawinia Murali, Mervin, Kishalini Romance, comedy [28]
7 March Unakkagathane Immortal Production S.P Srikanth Siva Shankar, Yasmin Nadiah, Rajendran, Rayer, Theva, Ashok Kumar, Keshap Suria Romance, drama [29]
5 March Paakaati Po More Four Production Kathir Raven S Kathir Raven S, Santhini Antony, Sai Sangeetha, Pavin Raymond, Aadith Comedy, romance [30]
12 March Athaiyum Thaandi ATMovies Sdn Bhd Vikinish Lokarag Asokan Vemanna Appannah, Yuvaraj Krishnasamy, Vanessa Cruez, Sathis Rao Chinniah Romance, drama [31]
14 April
(TV) 		Kanmani Anbodu Kathalan Astro Kavi Nanthan Kuben Mahadevan, Pashini Sivakumar [32]
15 October (Astro First) Tamani S.Mathan David Anthony. Deva. Divya. Crime
11 November (Astro First) Athigaari Jhangri Production House Kabilan Plondran Bala Ganapathy William, Nanthini Ganasen, Karnan, Vicran, Puruji, Saha, Puvanan DaView Action, thriller

2019

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
28 February Satte Dove Eyes Entertainment Ray Dinesh David Lingeshvaran Maniam, Kuben Mahadevan, Senthil Kumaran Muniandy, Sangkari Elancheran Crime, thriller 27,637 [33]
7 March Kuttram Seiyel Astro Vaanavil Venkatesh, Bharathirajaa Bose Venkat, Vijith, Dr S Selvamuthu, Dheena Action, crime 14,615 [34]
27 June Azhaggiye Thee ATMovies Sdn Bhd Logan Saresh D7, Latha, Guna, Kokila, Yuvaraj Drama 50,851 [35]
18 July Kali Muni Tharisanam ATMovies Sdn Bhd DTS Indran Ben G, Nithya Sree, P. Jegan, David, Shan, Ratnaa Gowri, Kannan Raajamanikam Mystery, thriller 340,806 [36]
19 September Venpa Vadai Productions K. Kavi Nanthan Yuvaraj Krishnasamy, Agalyah Maniam, Thevaguru Suppiah, Nanthini Sugumaran, Kuben Mahadevan, Santeinii Chandrabos Romance, comedy 542,686.60 [37]
26 September Ennaval D' Cinema Sdn Bhd Saran Z Sangeeta Krishnasamy, C.Kumaresan, Vasanth Sarna, Yashini, Suresh Romance, horror 89,589 [38]
14 November Pulanaivu Story Films

Shaibha Vision

Shalini Balasundaram, Sathish Natarajan Shaila V, Shalini Balasundaram, Kabil Ganesan, Saran Manokaran Crime, thriller 600,048 [39]
28 November Metro Maalai Victory Film Production, Drona Films Haran Kaveri, Shobaan Sathish, Punitha Shanmugam, Karishma, Kumanavannan, Kay Romance 35,000 [40]

2018

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
15 Mar 33km From KL El Praga Pasca Penerbitan KS Umaagaanthan Ben G, Kavi Maran, Logeswaran, Ananthan Muniandy Thriller 208,779 [41]
17 May Sughamaai Subbulakshmi MA Productions House Karthik Shamalan Saresh D7, Punitah Shanmugam, Bagya Arivuckarasu, Kuben Mahadevan, G Crack Karnan Romance, comedy 138,970 [42]
19 Apr Villavan: The Vigilante GVKM ELEPHANT PICTURES SDN BH Vassan Vinod Mohana Sundaram, Sangeeta Krishnasamy Action [43]
28 Jun Ghora Algebra Films Devendran Arunasalam G Crack Karnan, Mugen Rao, Yasmin Nadiah, Sara Baskin, Velarasan, Sathish Kumar Horror, comedy 129,816 [44]
5 July Atcham Thavir JPS Consultancy & Training S.S. Vikneshwaran, Karthik Shamalan Gana, Uthaya, Geetha, Aanantha Thriller 120,396 [45]
26 July Vedigundu Pasangge Veedu Production Dr. Vimala Perumal Denes Kumar, Sangeeta Krishnasamy Action, comedy 0 [46]
16 August Thirudathey Papa Thirudathey Story Films Sdn.Bhd. Shalini Balasundaram Saresh D7, Shalini Balasundaram, Kabil Ganesan, Yuvaraj Krishnasamy, Ztish, Yasmin JK Action, romance, comedy 322,400 [47]
20 September Neeyum Naanum BGW Studios Bala Ganapathi William Bala Ganapathi William, Jasmin Micheal, Kavitha Thiagarajan, Suhan Romance, comedy 307,956 [48]

2017

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
8 Jun RIP? Fenomena Seni Produksi S.T. Bala Suloshna Balan, S. S. Shivajee Drama 8,156
7 July Puthiya Payanam More 4 Production Raven Raven, Lavysha, Yoga, Koghilan Suren Sport, drama 24,643
3 August Maama Machan Boss Pictures RMS Sara Nithya Shree, RMS Sara, BenG Comedy 44,651
28 August Vettai Karuppar Ayya Black Hunter Production Amigoz Sugu GK, GpKay, Sam, Nanba Vijay, Gayathri Devotional, horror 20,523
28 September The Farm: En Veettu Thottathil BGW Studios,
S cape Imagination		 Karthik Shamalan Jaya Ganason, Mohanaraj, Mahesan Poobalan, Yugendran Maniam, Haridhass Horror 179,673
5 October Vasantha Villas 10:45PM D' Cinema Roy Jeeva, Vadivukarasi, Ben'G, Sangetha, Saminathan Action, comedy 7,264 [49]
3 November Azhal Magic SilverTree Productions S.Saravannan Arvind Naidu, Gcrak Karna, DatoShaSha, Yasini Davi, Sanpagan Sannasi Crime, thriller
9 November Jhangri Jhangri Production House Kabilan Plondran Vicran Elanggoven, Agalyah Maniam, Baby Koba, Suga, Nanthini Ganasen, John, Daview Puvanan Romance, comedy 140,268
23 November Thottam: The Garden Blueye Productions Arangkannal Raj KS Maniam, Singai Jegan, Aghilvarman, Thana, Ruban, Vivian Chong Family drama 4,089 [50]
30 November Aasaan Nova Rimbun SD Puvanendran Hari Dhass, Shashi Tharan, Seelan Manoheran, Saresh D'seven, Sasitharan K Rajoo, Pushpa Narayan, Nazira Ibrahim, Rajkumar Kopalan, Logesshiine Ks Thriller 71,783

2016

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
3 March Ais Kosong MS Digital Studio Manan Subra Alvin Martin, Sasikumar Kandasamy, Anu Ramamoorthy, Sangabalan, Shamini Ramasamy, Kristina Vinokree, Nanthakumar, Pradeep Singh, Sivakumar, Vishnukumar Elangovan Adventure, comedy 13,103.21
9 June Mayangaathey Shaibha Vision C. Kumaresan C.Kumaresan, Shaila Nair, Thivya Naidu, K.K.Khanna, Nilaxshita Kumar, Sushmeetha Murogan, Shruthi Jayshankar, Havoc Mathan, Havoc Naven, Suresh THR, Ahila THR, Comedy King Sam, Suriya Ramaiah, Kannan Rajamanikam, Saran Narayanan, Queen, Theven Taiping Horror, comedy 536,102.00 [8]
22 September Geethaiyin Raadhai Vikadakavi Production Shalini Balasundaram K. Karnan G Crak, Shalini Balasundaram, Vicran Elanggoven, Suvarna Panjavaranam, Kannan Raajamanickam, Maniam, K.Gunasegaran, Shan, Kameleswary, Balan Raj, Divania Romance 529,162 [51]

2015

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
1 January Pinnokam D'Cinema A. Hamen Kumar Hamen Kumar, Anu Ramamoorthy, Aghonderan Sahadevan II, Surenderaj Yuvaraj, Murali Raj, Shree, Jessie Action, romance 7,874.00 [52]
1 January KID FSP Praboo Ariva Jarrel Yeo, Shashi Anbah, Arun Chandran, Sarankumar, Kesavan Krishnamurthi Crime 6,763.50 [53]
16 April Agileswari RM Vission Films, Red Fires Film Roy Krishnan Uthaya THR Raaga, Vikneswary Miss Vasantham Singapore Horor 51,826.91 [54]
23 April Avana Nee D'Cinema Logaruban Loganathan Logaruban Loganathan, Vithya Perumal, Ashwin Kaur, Rai Jacintha, Krishnamurthy Rameshwara, Sures Kumar@VSK Thinaharan, Nilasyah Rebecca. Guna, Sara Roshan, Tashmaishree Comedy 7,479.65 [55]
2 July Vere Vazhi Ille Veedu Production M.S. Prem Nath Denes Kumar, Jasmine Michael Horror, comedy 220,208.39
8 October Maravan Lotus Five Star SD Puvanendran Kumaresh, Haridass, Denes Kumar, Kavitha Thiagarajan, Logan, Seelan, Pushpa Narayan, Sangeeta Krishnasamy Drama, thriller 91,225.71 [56]
22 October Mutukumar Wanted MERP Film Factory M.Pathmanaban Sarran SK, Nazira Ibrahim, Haridass, Robo Shankar Romance, action 2,376.05
17 December Jagat Skyzen Studios Shanjhey Kumar Perumal Jibrail Rajhula, Harvind Raj, Kuben Mahadevan, Aahmuu Thirunyanam, Saravanan Vishwa Crime, drama 224,370.43 Budget RM 300,000[57]

2014

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
2 January Vetti Pasanga Veedu Production Vimala Perumal Denes Kumar, Sangeeta Krishnasamy, Magendran Rahman, David Anthony, Alvin Martin, Shastan Kurup Comedy, drama 339,036.00 [58][59][60]
6 March Vennira Iravuggal Shine Entertainment Perakas Rajaram Sangeeta Krishnasamy, Magendran Rahman, Psychomantra @ Krishna Kumar Lechmana, David Anthony, Aruna Raj Devarajoo Romance, comedy 260,353.00 [60][61][62][63]
19 June Goal K. Guna Irfan, Uthaya, THR Visha, Chinni Jayanth, Nazira Ibrahim Sport, drama 16,174.25 [60][64][65]
22 June Vivaagarathu Viar Ventures Revathy Revathy, Haridass, Aghonderan Sahadevan, Bala Ganapathi William Drama 74,890.00 [60][66]
8 August Maindhan Astro Shaw, CK Films, SS Wawasan C. Kumaresan C. Kumaresan, Shaila Nair, 'Punnagai Poo' Gheetha, Rabbit Mac Action 732,505.80 [6][67][68]
13 November Victory D'Cinema P Rameesh G.Theeban, Yamini Gopalasamy, Gana Pragasam, Shashi Tharan, Gantiban Ben Sport, drama 40,974.00 [69][70][71]

2013

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
14 March Ops Kossa Dappa 3 ATV Pictures K.V Anan Loganathan, Sasi Kumar, Jasmine Micheal, Buveni Ann Mayan, Nilasha, Amber Chia, Priyanka Kothari Science fiction 70,000 [72]
9 May Kaliyugha Lotus Five Star AV S.T.Bala S.T.Bala, Geethanjali, Sharmini Ramesh Drama 23,000 [73]
23 May Olli Nova Rimbun Production P. Rameesh Pushpa Narayan, Shashi Tharan Science fiction 50,000 [74]
18 July Olipathivu Snap Productions Elson Tommas Vassan, Sivabaalan, Govind Singh, Sasi Kumar, Xavier Lock-up, Devika Raghavakrishnan, Maney Villanz & Samuel Sam Action, thriller 11,000 [75][76]
5 September Dhusrajanam Renbash Entertainment M. Suurya M. Subash Abdullah, Kalpana Sundraju Sport, drama 14,000 [77]
19 September Marai Mugam Boss Pictures Sara.R Mogan, Krishnapriya Comedy 6,000 [78]

2012

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
18 October Vajram Genius Parade M.Subash Abdullah M.Suurya, Yasmin Khanif [79][80]
16 December Adutha Kattam NGP Film Muralikrishnan Munian Devendran Arunasalam, Gantiban Ben, Malar Meni Perumal Horror

2011

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
13 October Vilaiyaatu Pasange Veedu Production Vimala Perumal Denes Kumar, Jasmine Michael Comedy [81]
15 November Appalam Tayangan Unggul Afdlin Shauki Raja Ilya, Gana Pragasam, Jaclyn Victor, Shashi Taran, Sharifah Amani, Chelsia Ng Comedy, drama
29 December Zha The Movie Thirumalairajan Raaghav, Sangeeta Krishnasamy, Babloo Prithviraj Action [82]

2000 – 2010

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
2
0
1
0 		28 October Undercover Rascals V. Nagaraj C. Kumaresan, Jasmine Michael, K.K. Khanna Action, comedy
4 November Ganavin No10 Singgakottai K.L Gana Pragasam Gana Pragasam Comedy
4 November I Know What You Did Last Deepavali K.Annan Haridhass, Sangeeta Krishnasamy, Mathan, Raja Ilya, Logita, Mehen, Sasi, Logan Horror
2
0
0
9 		Aanava Aattam KK.Khanna CK, Vassan, Jaclyn Victor, Lovin, Maney Villanz, Nishan Action, drama
Vikrant P Rameesh Sri Kumar, Shanthini Nair, Mansheer Singh Drama, thriller
2
0
0
8 		Uruvem V. Nagaraj Horror
2
0
0
7 		Senthil Vel Kakka P Rameesh Shanmugam, P Jegan Devotional [79][80]
Athma V Nagaraj Shashitharan, Jasmin Micheal, Jaysree Horror [82]
Chalangaai Deepak Kumar Menon Drama
2
0
0
6 		Andal Santosh Kesavan THR Ram, Nandini Harikrishnan Drama [79][80]
Chenman Chaalai Deepak Kumaran Menon Sarata Sivalingam, Gandhinathan, Thr Sankara Drama [82]
2
0
0
5 		Ethirkalaam C Kumerasen Sri Kumar, Sheile Raman Drama [79][80]
Utteratchai Kali P Rameesh P Rameesh, Jegan, Shasha Sree Devotional [82]
Uyir M.S. Prem Nath Mahesan, Geethanjali Horror
2
0
0
1 		Alaikathey P Rameesh P Rameesh, C Kumerasen, Thr Maran Horror [81]

1990s

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
1
9
9
1 		31 August Naan Oru Malaysian Berjaya Film Productions Sugan Pansha Sugan Pansha, Devisri, K. Gunasegaran Drama 150,000.00 [83]

1960s

[edit]
Opening Title Studio Director Cast Genre Gross (RM) Ref.
1
9
6
9 		14 January Ratha Paei Mooban Kalaikkumar Chinnasamy, Susheela Devi, Suresh, Jaya Gowri [84]

Notable cast members

[edit]
Broadway Theatre in Johor Bahru, Johor

Actors

[edit]

Actresses

[edit]

Directors

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ "Table 6: Share of Top 3 distributors (Excel)". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
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  4. ^ a b "Table 11: Exhibition – Admissions & Gross Box Office (GBO)". UNESCO Institute for Statistics. Retrieved 5 November 2013.
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