Macaranga

Macaranga
	Macaranga peltata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
(unranked):	Angiosperms
(unranked):	Eudicots
(unranked):	Rosids
Order:	Malpighiales
Family:	Euphorbiaceae
Subfamily:	Acalyphoideae
Tribe:	Acalypheae
Subtribe:	Macaranginae
Genus:	Macaranga; Thouars 1806
Type species
	Macaranga mauritiana; Bojer ex Baill.
Synonyms
	Adenoceras Rchb.f. & Zoll. ex Baill.; Mappa A.Juss; Mecostylis Kurz ex Teijsm. & Binn.; Pachystemon Blume; Panopia Noronha ex Thouars; Phocea Seem.; Tanarius Kuntze;

Macaranga is a large genus of Old World tropical trees of the family Euphorbiaceae and the only genus in the subtribe Macaranginae. Native to Africa, Australasia, Asia and various islands of the Indian and Pacific Oceans, the genus comprises over 300 different species.^[4]^[5] It was first described as a genus in 1806, based on specimens collected on the Island of Mauritius.^[1]^[3]

Macaranga is noted for being recolonizers. Macaranga species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species including Endoclita malabaricus. Macaranga species often form symbioses with ant (Formicidae) species (particularly Crematogaster ants of the subgenus Decacrema) because they have hollow stems that can serve as nesting space and occasionally provide nectar. The trees benefit because the ants attack herbivorous insects and either drive them away or feed on them.^[6]

Use

Macaranga gum, a crimson resin, is obtained from Macaranga indica.

Species include

3

References

^ ^a ^b Du Petit-Thouars (1806). Genera nova madagascariensia secundum methodum jussiaeanam disposita. Paris. 29pp
^ neotype, mistakenly called lectotype, designated by M. J. E. Coode, Taxon 25: 184 (1976). Cannot be lectotype because not described until 1859
^ ^a ^b Tropicos, genus Macaranga
^ ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
^ Federle, W.; Maschwitz, U.; Fiala, B. (1998). "The two-partner ant-plant system of Camponotus (Colobopsis) sp. 1 and Macaranga puncticulata (Euphorbiaceae): Natural history of the exceptional ant partner". Insectes Sociaux. 45 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1007/s000400050064.
^ "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". Retrieved 2013-10-25.

[i-1] Du Petit-Thouars (1806). Genera nova madagascariensia secundum methodum jussiaeanam disposita. Paris. 29pp

[2] type, mistakenly called lectotype, designated by M. J. E. Coode, Taxon 25: 184 (1976). Cannot be lectotype because not described until 1859

[j-3] Tropicos, genus Macaranga

[m-4] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[5] Govaerts, R., Frodin, D.G. & Radcliffe-Smith, A. (2000). World Checklist and Bibliography of Euphorbiaceae (and Pandaceae) 1-4: 1-1622. The Board of Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.

[6] Federle, W.; Maschwitz, U.; Fiala, B. (1998). "The two-partner ant-plant system of Camponotus (Colobopsis) sp. 1 and Macaranga puncticulata (Euphorbiaceae): Natural history of the exceptional ant partner". Insectes Sociaux. 45 (1): 1–16. doi:10.1007/s000400050064.

[MacAssasWorldChecklist-7] "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". Retrieved 2013-10-25.

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