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Iberospinus

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Iberospinus
Temporal range: Early Cretaceous (Barremian)
~129.4–125 Ma
↓
Skeletal diagram of Iberospinus by Scott Hartman
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Domain: Eukaryota
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Dinosauria
Clade: Saurischia
Clade: Theropoda
Family: †Spinosauridae
Genus: †Iberospinus
Mateus & Estraviz-López, 2022
Type species
Iberospinus natarioi
Mateus & Estraviz-López, 2022

Iberospinus IPA: [aɪbiːʌroʊs̠piːnʊs̠] or IPA: [aɪbiːʌroʊs̠paɪnʌs̠] (meaning "Iberian Peninsula spine") is an extinct genus of spinosaurid theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) Papo Seco Formation of Portugal. The genus contains a single species, I. natarioi, known from several assorted bones belonging to one individual.[1]

Discovery and naming

The first fossil material was discovered in 1999, with additional expeditions from 2004 to 2008. After being described as a specimen of Baryonyx in 2011,[2] it was realised to have been a unique species in 2019.[3] Additional material was discovered in a 2020 expedition, after which Iberospinus was described as a new genus and species in 2022 by Mateus and Estravis-López.[1]

The generic name, "Iberospinus," is derived "ibero," IPA: [aɪbiːʌroʊs̠] a Roman name for the Iberian Peninsula, and the Latin "spinus," IPA: [s̠piːnʊs̠] or IPA: [s̠paɪnʌs̠] meaning spine, after the elongated neural spines of related spinosaurids. The species name, "natarioi, IPA: [nɑtʰɑːɽiːoʊiː] " honors Carlos Natário, the discoverer of the holotype.[1]

Iberospinus holotype size life reconstruction compared to a 1.8 metre tall person




Classification

Iberospinus was recovered within the Spinosauridae, outside of both the Baryonychinae and the Spinosaurinae. However, Mateus & Estraviz-López (2022) explain that the fossil material shows some characteristics of baryonichines, suggesting a closer relation to the group. An adjusted cladogram after the describing authors is shown below:

Spinosauridae

References

  1. ^ a b c Mateus O, Estraviz-López D (2022). "A new theropod dinosaur from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian) of Cabo Espichel, Portugal: Implications for spinosaurid evolution". PLOS ONE. 17 (2): e0262614. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0262614.
  2. ^ Mateus, Octávio; Araújo, Ricardo; Natário, Carlos; Castanhinha, Rui (2011-04-21). "A new specimen of the theropod dinosaur Baryonyx from the early Cretaceous of Portugal and taxonomic validity of Suchosaurus". Zootaxa. 2827 (1): 54. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.2827.1.3. ISSN 1175-5334.
  3. ^ Arden, Thomas M. S.; Klein, Catherine G.; Zouhri, Samir; Longrich, Nicholas R. (2019-01-01). "Aquatic adaptation in the skull of carnivorous dinosaurs (Theropoda: Spinosauridae) and the evolution of aquatic habits in spinosaurids". Cretaceous Research. 93: 275–284. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.06.013. ISSN 0195-6671.
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